The famous scientist and thinker, Charles Darwin, was born on February 12, 1809. His family lived not far from the River Severn, England.
Charles's father was a well-known doctor and the son of a still greater doctor and scientist. Charles's father hoped that his son would also become a doctor.
As a boy, Charles liked to go for walks in the fields and forests. He watched nature, and compared what he saw with everything he had read in science books. He also liked collecting very much. He collected many things, such as birds, eggs, stones and leaves. His father did not like this, as Charles was not studying very well at school.
①为了成为一名医生,达尔文十六岁时就被送到爱丁堡大学(Edinburgh University)学习。But he was interested in the history of nature.
Then he was sent to study in Cambridge University. There he studied until 1831.
Some time later he heard that the ship Beagle was going on a trip to South America and wanted a scientist. His professor advised him to go. He said the trip would be just for Darwin. So when the ship left England in December, 1831, Darwin was on it. The research lasted almost five years. The Beagle studied the waters in the sea near South America. It also visited New Zealand, Australia and islands in the Pacific. Darwin saw many new plants and animals. He collected all kinds of plants.
In 1842, Darwin went to live in Kent, where he continued his studies of change in nature.②Darwin understood that plants and animals are not always the same, and that they really change.
By 1859 Darwin had finished his famous book The Origin of Species.
It made a great hit in the world of science.
③He was opposed (反对) by the church and even by some scientists.But later, more and more scientists agreed with him.
Darwin continued his studies in science until he died in 1882.
根据短文内容,完成下列各题。