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            • 1．
              The bicycle is the simplest yet most useful inventions in the world． What is the most surprising is that it was not (1) earlier， although the great inventor Leonardo da Vinci had drawn pictures for bicycles and also for flying machines and some other things． These things were not produced (2) long after he died．
              A person riding a bicycle uses (3) energy to make the bicycle move， and there is no pollution at all when you are riding． Even so， in developed (4) ， most people don't travel to work by bicycle． It is not because the bicycles are expensive or people feel ______ （60）if they ride to work． It's because (5) cars on the roads becomes larger． It certainly becomes (6) to ride a bicycle． As a result， more people put their bicycles away and go to work (7) their cars， and in this way， the situation becomes more serious． (8) the best way to make riding safer and more popular is to create paths（开设通道）only for bicycles， and to make (9) so difficult and expensive for drivers to take their cars into the city that they will go back to use their bicycles

              (1) A. invent B. inventing C. invented D. to invent
              (2) A. before B. when C. since D. until
              (3) A. much B. quite a lot of C. very little D. many
              (4) A. world B. countries C. land D. earth
              (5) A. lucky B. glad C. sorry D. tired
              (6) A. the number of B. a number of
              C. this kind of D. all kinds of
              (7) A. safer B. more dangerous C. much dangerous D. safe
              (8) A. by B. in C. use D. drive
              (9) A. Hardly B. May be C. Perhaps D. Nearly
              (10) A. it B. them C. us D. that
              难度：较易
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            • 2．
              The United States is full of automobiles（机动车）． There are still many families without cars． But some families have two or （16）______more cars． However， cars are used for more than pleasure． They are a （17）______part of life．
              Cars are used for （18）______． They are driven to offices and factories by workers who have no other way to （19）______their jobs． When salesmen are sent to different parts of the city， they have to drive in order to carry their products． Farmers have to drive into the city in order to shop for necessities．
              Sometimes， small children must be driven to （20）______． In some cities， school buses are used only when children （21）______more than a mile from the school． One （22）______drives on Mondays， taking her children and the neighbors' children as well． Another mother drives on Tuesdays， another on Wednesdays and so on． This is called forming a car pool（拼车）． Working people also form car pools， with three or four people taking turns driving to the place （23）______they work．
              More car pools should be formed in order to put （24）______cars on the road and to use less oil．
              （25）______is a great problem， and so is the traffic in and around cities． Too many cars are being driven． Something should be done about the use of cars．
              (1) A. much B. even C. little D. such
              (2) A. necessary B. difficult C. proper D. possible
              (3) A. families B. farms C. adventures D. business
              (4) A. get to B. look for C. find out D. take care of
              (5) A. cities B. schools C. parks D. gardens
              (6) A. move B. study C. live D. work
              (7) A. way B. child C. mother D. car
              (8) A. when B. that C. which D. where
              (9) A. more B. fewer C. many D. less
              (10) A. Driving B. Running C. Parking D. Forming
              难度：较易
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            • 3．

                  At night, you fall asleep while listening to beautiful music. In the morning, you are   (1)   up by the singing of birds outside. You can enjoy all of these things because of one important organ(器官)－the ears. March 3 is Ear Care Day. It helps us remember the   (2)   of our ears and encourages us to take good care of them. You may wonder: how do the ears   (3)   ? The ear has three different parts: the outer ear, the middle ear, and the inner ear. The outer ear is the part you can see. It collects   (4)   around you. The sound then travels down to the middle ear, the inner ear and then to your brain.

                  Your ears never stop working, even   (5)   you are asleep! Thatˈs why you may sometimes wake up suddenly in the middle of the night－your brain   (6)   something, but you donˈt know what it was, since you were asleep.

                  But ears do more than hear. They help you keep your balance, too. In the inner ear, there are organs that are filled   (7)   liquid(液体)and covered in small hairs. When you move your head, the liquid and hairs move, too. They send   (8)   to your brain about the position of your head.

                  More surprisingly, ears even help with   (9)   food. If something happens to your ears, you may have a hard time telling different tastes, according to the website of Peopleˈs Daily.

                  The ears are   (10)   important organs. Everyone should make sure to protect their own ears as well as they can.

              (1) A. taken              B. cheered           
              C. woken              D. dressed

              (2) A. size               B. importance         
              C. difference           D. shape

              (3) A. move              B. taste              
              C. smell               D. work

              (4) A. air                B. light              
              C. sound               D. heat

              (5) A. when              B. before             
              C. until                D. since

              (6) A. noticed             B. heard             
              C. saw                 D. watched

              (7) A. of                 B. with              
              C. by                  D. in

              (8) A. messages           B. news              
              C. pictures             D. signs

              (9) A. touching            B. feeling            
              C. tasting               D. eating

              (10) A. quickly             B. slowly             
              C. freely               D. truly

              难度：较易
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            • 4． A True Forest of Wonder
              Saihanba National Forest Park is lying in Chengde， Hebei．
              In Mongolian， Saihanba means "beautiful highland"．It is often called "the Green Lung of north China"． On Dec 5， 2017， the United Nations' highest environmental honor， the Champions of the Earth Award was given to China's Saihanba Afforestation Community（塞罕坝林场建设者）．
              During the Qing Dynasty，it was a royal hunting（打猎） ground and the emperors hunted there almost every year． In 1863， because of a shortage of funds， the Qing Government allowed farmers to use the land here． In the following years， logging and wildfires gradually destroyed the forest and grassland． And forests and wetlands were beginning to disappear．After the Qing Dynasty failed， Saihanba turned into a wasteland．
              In the 1960s， Chinese people started to recreate a national forest in Saihanba． In 1961， a group of six scientists traveled through Saihanba and studied the possibility of growing trees there． They finally found one tree standing alone in the vast land， which greatly encouraged them． If one tree could survive there， so could millions of others． They believed they could green the barren desert and turn it into an oasis（绿洲）．
              Three generations of forest guards have overcome extreme living conditions while protecting the landscape． The weather， in particular， can be intense as highest temperature in the area is around 33degrees Celsius， while the lowest is around -43degrees Celsius， and some areas are covered in snow for seven months a year， but others are affected by strong winds and sandstorms． However， through great efforts， it took the forest guards over 55years to turn the desert into a green land．
              Chinese people have created a true wonder in Saihanba over the past half-century． In May 1993， it was designated as a "National Forest Park"．In 2000， it has been categorized as a 5A level tourist site by the China National Tourism Administration． In May 2007， the park was rated as a "National Nature Reserves"by the State Council of China． Today， Sihanba is known as the "Emerald of North China"． It is very important for Beijing's water and air quality． It is also a natural shield（屏障）that can block sandstorms．
              1． Where is Saihanba National Forest Park？______
              2． When did Chinese people start to recreate a national forest in Saihanba？______
              3． How long did it take the forest guards to turn the desert into a green land？______
              4． What is the second paragraph mainly about？______
              5． Why is Saihanba important？______
              难度：较易
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            • 5．

              Passage Three

               Why do men die earlier than women? The latest research makes it known that the reason could be that men’s hearts go into rapid(迅速) decline(下降) when they reach middle age.

              　　The largest study of the effects of ageing on the heart has found that women’s longevity may be linked to the fact that their hearts do not lose their pumping power(供血能力) with age.

              　　“We have found that the power of the male heart falls by 20-25 percent between 18 and 70 years of age,” said the head of the study, David Goldspink of Liverpool John Moores University in the UK.

              　　“Within the heart there are millions of cells that enable it to beat. Between the age of 20 and 70, one-third of those cells die and are not replaced in men,” said Goldspink.“This is part of the ageing process(过程).”

              　　What surprises scientists is that the female heart sees very little loss of these cells. A healthy 70-year-old woman’s heart could perform almost as well as a 20-year-old one’s.

              　　“This gender(性别) difference might just explain why women live longer than men,” said Goldspink. They studied more than 250 healthy men and women between the ages of 18 and 80, focusing on healthy persons to remove the confusing influence of disease.“The team has yet to find why ageing takes a greater loss on the male heart, and we are still on the way.” said Goldspink.

              　　The good news is that men can improve the health of their heart with regular exercise. Goldspink stressed that women also need regular exercise to prevent their leg muscles becoming smaller and weaker as they age.

              难度：较易
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            • 6．
              In Thailand，people do not eat with chopsticks，like in China，Japan and Korea．They use spoons and forks．（66） ______ ．Most food is already cut．If you need to cut things，use the side of your spoon first and then use your fork．（67） ______ ．If you are right-handed，keep the spoon in your right hand and the fork in your left hand．
              （68） ______ ．The rice is not on the same plate with the other food．It is not necessary to finish all your rice or all your food．It is good to leave a little on your plate．If you eat anything，it means you want more．
              （69） ______ ．The host（主人） will ask you two or three times if you want more food．It is the same with whatever you are drinking．During the meal，never empty your cup or glass．When it is less than half full，your host or neighbor will fill it again．（70） ______ ．Always refill（再加满） your neighbor's glass．This means that you must keep an eye on your neighbor's glass all through the meal．
              A．They never use knives
              B．Never fill your own glass
              C．People always offer you more food
              D．People usually have rice in a different bowl
              E．People often eat from the same bowl
              F．The spoon is more important than the fork
              难度：较易
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            • 7．
              Overhead bridges are found in some parts of Anyue，especially in places (1) traffic is heavy and crossing the road is very (2) ．
              The purpose of these overhead bridges is to enable pedestrians（行人） to (3) road safely．Overhead bridges are used in very much the same way (4) zebra crossings．They are more efficient（有效的） although less convenient (5) people have to climb up a long flight of steps．This is inconvenient especially to old people．When pedestrians are (6) a zebra crossing，traffic is held up．This is (7) the government has built some overhead bridges to help pedestrians and (8) traffic moving (9) the same time．
              The government of Anyue has (10) lots of money in building these bridges．For their own safety，pedestrians (11) be encouraged to use them instead of (12) their lives by running across the road．Old people，however，may find (13) a little difficult to climb up and down the steps，but it is still (14) safer than walking across the road with all the danger of moving traffic．
              Overhead bridges serve a very useful purpose．Pedestrians，both old and young，should form a (15) of using them，This will prevent unnecessary accidents and loss of life．

              (1) A. where B. when C. that D. who
              (2) A. safe B. danger C. dangerous D. safety
              (3) A. crossing B. cross C. crosses D. crossed
              (4) A. in B. for C. to D. as
              (5) A. because B. because of C. and D. so
              (6) A. useful B. using C. used D. use
              (7) A. when B. because C. that D. why
              (8) A. keeps B. kept C. to keep D. keep
              (9) A. at B. to C. for D. in
              (10) A. spend B. spent C. spending D. been spent
              (11) A. shouldn't B. won' t C. should D. might
              (12) A. risking B. risk C. risked D. risks
              (13) A. this B. that C. them D. it
              (14) A. many B. more C. much D. very
              (15) A. habit B. hobby C. habits D. hobbies．
              难度：较易
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            • 8．

              Do you know how April Fool’s Day comes?

              In the sixteenth century in France, the start of the New Year was on April 1. People celebrated the New Year in the same way as it is today. They held parties and danced into the late night.

              Then in 1562, Pope Gregory introduced a new calendar into the Christain(基督的）world, and the new year fell on January 1. Some people didn’t believe the change in the date,so they celebrated the New Year on April 1. Others played tricks on them and called them “April fools”.

              Today Americans play small tricks on friends on the first day of April. One common trick on April Fool’s Day is pointing down to a friend’s shoe and saying “Your shoelace is untied.” School children like to tell a classmate that there are no classes. Then if someone believes the trick, he or she will be called the “April Fool”!People play tricks on each other only because they want to enjoy themselves together. Most jokes are really funny, and people play jokes not to hurt anyone, but to find happiness.


              (1) In the sixteenth century in France, people______ to celebrate the New Year.
              A. held parties and danced
              B. only made delicious food
              C. played tricks on others
              D. went to church together
              (2) People celebrated the New Year on January 1 in the year of _______.
              A. 1556 B. 1558 C. 1560 D. 1562
              (3) On April Fool’s Day students may say”_______” most to others.
              A. Your shoelace is untied. B. There aren’t any classes.
              C. We have no homework. D. You are a fool.
              难度：较易
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            • 9． If you are really interested in music festivals，then you have probably heard of the Bestival Music Festival．It (1) every September on the Isle of Wight，the UK．Since it is at the end of summer，people think it's their last (2) to go to a festival and have fun before going back to boring work．
              The dream begins (3) you start traveling to the island．To get to the campsite（营地）of the Festival，you have to take the ferry（渡轮）．The ferry is (4) of happy festival lovers who are ready to take part in the fantastic music party．After you arrive at the campsite，you can put up your (5) ．There people talk with each other openly．They are not that cold (6) those you meet in your everyday life．
              The festival lasts for four days．During that time you forget all your worries and problems，just like living in a dream．And it is really (7) for you to come back to"reality"after that．
              It seems that it is this kind of music event that makes people (8) together．It gives people a real sense of unity（团结）．I took part in the Festival with my friends the year before last．It was so exciting that we all (9) ourselves in the beautiful music．We are family sung by Sister Sledge was my favorite．I'm really looking forward to joining in it for a (10) time．
              Now，are you ready to pop over to Bestival this year？

              难度：较易
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            • 10． "When it comes to Earth，there's no time to waste，"says the Earth Day Network．And that is right．Protecting our environment is very important，and World Earth Day was (1) in 1970to raise people's environmental awareness．On April 22，People around the world celebrate Earth day．
              Every year there is a special (2) ，and this year it is"Trees for Earth"，so Earth Day will be all about planting trees．Their goal is to plant 7.8billion trees (3) the next five years．
              That's a big goal，and you might wonder (4) trees are so important．Well for one，they can help stop climate change．Carbon dioxide （二氧化碳） is a chemical in our atmosphere，but ______ (5) make too much of it．Each person makes about 2.3tons a year，which is bad for the environment．
              Well guess what!Trees (6) carbon dioxide and protect the air quality．Planting new trees is important because people cut down (7) trees．Last year，there were 3trillion（万亿） trees in the (8) ，about 139billion in China．But according to Time，the world's total number has been (9) cut in half since human civilization （文明） began．That's because 15billion trees are cut down every year．
              So we need to plant more to replenish （补充） the ones e've lost．One tree can take in 48pounds （21.8kg） of carbon dioxide per year．And it's still one of the cheapest and (10) ways to get rid of carbon dioxide．
              But don't forget that you can also help the environment by cutting down on how much energy or water you use every day．Every little thing helps!
              难度：较易
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