Animals, including insects（昆虫）, don’t have a “language” like ours. They do not “talk” to each other in words and sentences（句子）. But if we watch them, we can see that they have their ways of communicating(交流) with each other.

　　Can you see the rabbit’s tail? When rabbits see this white tail moving up and down, they run away. They know that they are in danger. The rabbit told them something without making a sound. It has given them a signal(信号).

　　Many other animals use this kind of “language”. When a cobra(眼镜蛇) is angry, it raises its head and makes itself look powerful(有力的). This warns other animals. When a bee(蜜蜂) found some food, it goes back to its home. It cannot “tell” the other bees where the food is by speaking to them, but it does a little dance. This tells the bees where the food is.

   Some animals “say”things by making sounds. A dog barks, for example, when a stranger comes near. A cat purrs when it is pleased. Some birds make several different sounds, every sound has its own meaning. Sometimes we human beings（人类） speak in the same way. We make sounds like “Oh” or “Ah” when we are afraid or happy or when we drop something on our toes.

Many people go to school for an education. They learn languages, history, politics, geography, physics, chemistry and mathematics. Others go to school to learn a skill so that they can make a living .School education is very important and useful. Yet, no one can learn everything from school. A teacher ,no matter how much he knows ,can not teach his students everything they want to know .The teacher’s job is to show his students how to learn. He teaches them how to read and how to think. So, much more is to be learned outside school by the students themselves.

It is always more important to know how to study by oneself than to memorize some facts or a formula(公式).It is actually quite easy to learn a certain fact in history or formula in mathematics .But it is very difficult to use a formula in working out a math problem. Great scientists before us didn’t get everything from school. Their teachers only .showed them the way. Edison did not even finish primary school. But they were all so successful. They invented so many things for mankind. The reason for their success is that they knew how to study. They read books that were not taught at school. They would ask many questions as they read. They did thousands of experiments. They worked hard all their lives, wasting not a single moment. Above all, they knew how to use their brain.

Grown-ups are often surprised that they can remember some things very well. In fact, they learnt them as children, but they haven’t practiced them ever since. A man who has not had a chance to go swimming for years can still swim as well as ever when he gets back in the water. He can get on a bike after many years and still rides away. A mother who has not thought about the words for years can teach her daughter the poem that begins “Twinkle, twinkle, little star” or remember the story of Cinderella or Goldilocks and the Three Bears.

One explanation is the law of overlearning, which can be explained as follows: Once we have learned something learning more than usual increases the length of time we will remember it.

In childhood we usually continue to practice skills such as swimming, bike riding, and playing baseball long after we have learned them. We continue to listen to and remind ourselves of words such as “Twinkle, twinkle, little star” and childhood tales such as Cinderella and Goldilocks. We not only learn but overlearn.

The law of over learning explains why cramming * for an examination is not a successful way to learn a college course, though it may result in a passing grade. By cramming, a student may learn the subject well enough to pass the examination, but he is possibly soon to forget almost everything he learned. A little overlearning, on the other hand, is really necessary for one’s future development.

Today almost everyone knows computers and the Internet. If I ask you “What is the most important in your life?”, maybe you will say “Computers and the Internet. ”

The first computer was made in 1946. It was very big but it worked slowly. Today computers are getting smaller and smaller. But they work faster and faster. What can computers do? A writer has said, “People can’t live without computers today.”

The Internet came a little later than computers. It is about twenty-five years later than computers. But now it can be found almost everywhere. We can use it to read books, write letters, do shopping, play games or make friends.

Many students like the Internet very much. They often go into the Internet as soon as they are free. They make friends on the Internet and maybe they have never seen these friends. They don’t know their real names, ages, and even sex. They are so interested in making the “unreal friends” that they can’t put their hearts into study. Many of them can’t catch up with others on many subjects because of that.

We can use computers and the Internet to learn more about the world. But at the same time, we should remember that not all the things can be done by computers and the Internet.

What can we learn from the special, very successful people in the world who make the impossible possible?

Lesson 1: Ways of creative thinking are needed

Bill Gates and MarkZuckerbergboth dropped out of college. They prefer to teach themselves because they like to develop their own ways of thinking. They think standard ways of teaching might stop people from being creative and having new ideas.

Lesson 2: The answer might not be what you expect

Find your answers from facts — not start with an expectation of what you will find. StephenJacobsen from Northwestern University believed what he was taught: that water on Earth came from icy comets(彗星) or planets which hit into Earth.

However, by studying a special rock, he discovered that it acts like a sponge. This suggests that Earthˈs water may have come from inside, driven to the surface to form the oceans, by geological activity.

“I had a pretty hard time making others believe it,” he said. “But thinking about the fact that you may the first person to see something for the first time doesn’t happen very often. When it does, it’s amazing.”

Lesson 3: A little luck goes a long way

Years of planning went into a recent achievement in space travel. The European Space Agency’s “Philae”, a robot landing craft, met up with Comet 67P, which is 480 million kilometers away. The trip from Earth b y “Philae” had taken ten years!

The scientists had no idea what the surface of the comet would be like. If the landing failed, it would be impossible to get information from the spacecraft. Twenty years of work would have been wasted.

When “Philae” tried to land, it bounced away from the comet’s icy surface twice. Luckily, however, “Philae” landed successfully and began sending information back to Earth.

 Early to bed, early to rise, makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise. 

 This is an old English saying. Have you heard of it before? It means that we must go to bed early and get up early in the morning. Then we shall be healthy. We shall also be rich (wealthy) and clever (wise).

 This is true. The body must have enough sleep to be healthy. Children of young age should have ten hours’ sleep every night. Children who do not have enough sleep cannot do their work very well. They will not be wise and they may not become wealthy! 

 The body also needs exercise. Walking, running, jumping, swimming and playing games are all exercise. Exercise keeps the body strong. Exercise also helps the blood to move around inside the body. This is very important. Our blood takes food to all parts of our body. The head also needs blood. Exercise helps us to think better!

One of the things to be learnt in a foreign language is guessing all the time what kind of thing to come when listening to someone talking. People do this all the time in their own language, so it is necessary to do this in a foreign language, too. Here are some examples.

1"What's the matter?" "I went to a party last night, so I…"

2"I feel so tired these days." "I think you'd better…"

3 "Of course, she never stops talking. She is one of the most…"

You can see from the above three examples that the context helps a lot in understanding what is being talked about. So "guessing" is very important in understanding English, especially spoken English.

    All students need to have good study habits (习惯). When you have good study habits, you can learn things quickly .You also remember（记得）them easily.

        Do you like to study in the living-room? This is not a good place because it is usually too noisy. You need to study in a quiet（安静）place, like your bedroom .A quiet place will help you only think about one thing ,and you will learn better.

       Before you begin to study ,do not forget to clean your desk. A good desk light is important（重要）,too .You’ll feel tired easily if there is not enough light .