We can express thoughts and feelings and send sounds and pictures on our smartphones today. We canˈt send tastes, smells or touches.But some scientists in Britain are trying to develop a way for smartphones to do that.

 To give users a sense of taste, Adrian David Cheok and some other scientists designed two electrodes (电极 ）. "You put these two silver electrodes in your mouth, and you put your tongue in between and then your tongue will get a virtual taste perception(虚拟的味觉） in your brain，"said ProfessorCheok .They have already created sour, salty, sweet and bitter tastes.

A device(设备）called "Scentee" allows users to have the sense of smell. Scientists put"Scentee "into a smart phone and can spray (喷射）small clouds of fragrance， including flowers, fruits and coffee. Professor Cheok says the person speaking can activate（激活） the device.ˈˈScentee ˈˈholds a container（容器）with about 100 different smells. The container must be replaced when all the smells run out.

 The sense of touch comes from a ring-like device. It is connected wirelessly （无线地） to the smartphone. “I can be in London and my friend can be in Tokyo, and I can squeeze （挤压）my finger and then theyˈll get a squeeze on their finger through the Internet. It’s a way of touch communication with small mobile devices,”Professor Cheok said.

  Professor Cheok hopes devices like these will someday be added to houses. He says they may change the future of long-distance communication.

We often say that lions and tigers are kings of animals. They’re the best hunters (猎手) and they’re at the top (顶端) of the food chain (链) on land. But the best hunters in the sea are sharks(鲨鱼). Sharks are bigger and swim   (1)   fasterthan other sea animals. They have wide mouths and sharp (锋利的)   (2)  . They are at the top of the sea food chain.

What’s at the top of the world’s food chain? Human beings (人类)! We’re not strong, but we’re the   (3)  . We can’t run fast, but we   (4)   cars; We can’t fight better, but we invented guns (枪),… Many inventions are useful to us.   (5)  , they’re also harmful. People ask the   (6)   for too much. For example, we ask for food, wood, fur and so on. As a result, forests are becoming    (7)  . Rivers are dirty and some animals are in danger of dying out.

Don’t forget that we’re part of the food chain. We should leave enough   (7)   for animals to live in. We should do something to stop people from   (8)   animals. We must know that protecting animals is just to protect   (9)  .

Some students from Thailand(泰国) write an article on the website(网页). They ask us to save the elephants in Thailand. They tell us that the elephant is one of Thailand’s symbols（象征）. Their first flag had a white elephant on it. This is a symbol of good   (1)  .

Elephants are   (2)   animals. They can play soccer or music. They can also draw very   (3)  . People say that “ An elephant never forgets.” Elephants can walk for a long time and   (4)  get lost. They can also remember places  (5)  food and water. This helps   (6)   to live.

But elephants are in great danger. Elephants are losing their homes   (7)   people cut down many trees. People also kill elephants for their ivory（象牙）. Today there   (8)   only about 3,000 elephants (over 100,000 before). We must save the trees and not buy things made of ivory. Donˈt forget that Thai Elephant Day is   (9)  March 13^th . Let’s work together and   (10)  the elephants!

(A)

The earth is about 4,600 million years old. Modern man has lived on the earth for only 35,000 years, but during that time, we have changed our planet in many ways. Many of the things that we have done are good, but more are not good for the earth.

Water pollution

A lot of people, birds and fish die each day because of water pollution. Factories have polluted the land and the water. As a result, many rivers and lakes are now dead.

Air pollution

In big cities, factories, as well as cars, trucks and buses are the main cause of air pollution. Many people in cities now have serious health problems. For example, Mexico city used to be a beautiful sunny capital, but today it is always covered by thick brown clouds.

Soil pollution

In order to have a good harvest, most of the farmers use chemicals too much in their fields. That's bad for the soil. But this kind of pollution is difficult to stop.

Hope for the future

These problems are very serious for our future, so all of us should do something to improve our environment. If we can stop pollution, our planet will become more and more beautiful and our health will be better. Let's be greener people!

Hundreds of years ago, life was much harder than it is today. People didn’t have modern machines. There was no modern medicine   (1)   .

Life today   (2)   new problems. One of the biggest is pollution. Water pollution has made our rivers and lakes dirty. It kills our fish and affects (影响) our drinking water. Noise pollution makes us   (3)  louder and get angry much easier. Air pollution is the most serious kind of pollution. It affects  (4)   living thing in the world.

 Cars, planes and factories all pollute our air every day. Sometimes the pollution is  (5)   thick that it is like a quilt (被状物)over a city. This kind of quilt is called smog.

Good health is very important. Everyone should do all that he can- do  (1)   healthy. Being in good  (2)   means having both body and mind in good order, free from illness and  (3)  

    Good food, plenty of water, cleanliness and plenty of rest all help keeping our machines running as they should.  (4)  is very important. It gives   (5)  we need for keeping healthy. It gives us energy for work and play. Not all food gives   (6)  we need. We should eat different kinds of food. Having enough food is not the same   (7)   having the right food.

The water we drink helps wash away wastes inside our bodies. It also  (8)  for the water we lose when we perspire(流汗). More than half of the body is actually  (9)  .We must drink enough water to replace what we  (10)  

    We feel  (11)   and look better when we are clean. A bath every one or two days is a good   (12)  for us. Brushing our teeth is a(n)  (13)  habit for keeping clean and healthy.

     Sleep is the best kind of rest. Growing children need more  (14)   than grown-ups. Childrenˈs bodies not only have to be repaired  (15)  have to grow, Nobody can grow properly while he is always working and playing day and night.

Last year, a special kind of glove came out. It was invented to help blind people to learn Braille, which is a special system for the blind to read by touching. Shaking motors (震动马达) are put on each finger of the glove. They can make different sounds to tell a user which letter he is touching. Recently, two British college students have invented another special glove for the blind. It can make the user feel small and quick movements. An ultrasonic sensor (超声波传感器) with a battery is put on the back of the glove. When the user wearing the glove is close to an object (物体), ultrasonic waves (超声波) from the glove are sent out (发出). As soon as they hit the object in front, the waves will return to the glove. Then the waves cause the glove to shake. And the ultrasonic sensor makes different kinds of sounds. The sounds make the user know how far he is from the object.

   In the college invention competition, the two students got first prize and won 1,540 pounds. One of the designers said, “Now the ultrasonic sensor on the glove is quite large. We're going to use the money to develop a smaller and lighter ultrasonic sensor.”