Believe it or not,oceans and seas are easy to be harmed by the development of human society．They are also influenced by man-made pollution easily．It is human beings that do great harm to the ocean ecosystem(生态系统)．

The coral reefs（珊瑚）that provide food and protection for many ocean creatures（生物）is important toecosystems．However, the coral reefs in almost all the oceansare in dangerof pollution.Chemicals from factories end up in the oceans and destroycoral reefs.If the coral system die,some ocean creatures will be sure to die out．

Protecting the ocean also has something to do with the protection of ocean wildlife like dolphins.The fishing industry depends on modern ways to catch many fish in order to earn more money.But net for fishing also catch other sea animals.The fishing boat workers are advised to check their nets and set other ocean animals free.But the boats are in a hurry to make money and often other ocean animals are caught with fish．

Oil spills(溢出) can destroy the ocean environment because oilcankill all ocean life．The world depends on oil and there is plenty of oil off the shore in many countries.The need foroil is more important than the risk of the oil spill.However,the fact is that one ocean mistake can lead to an ocean environment accident. Itwill cause years ofdamageto the financial ecosystems andkill all the creatures in the area of the spill.The oil will be washed up on the shore and destroy ecosystems along the shore，including birds．

Everyone who cares about the environment should pay more attention to protecting the ocean,and all of us should do something for the protection of the ocean．

Jilly the giraffe lived at the Morgan Zoo. She liked the zoo and was friends with all the other giraffes. There was just one problem. Jilly was too tall. When she walked slowly around the zoo, she had to bend down (俯身) to get past some of the trees. The other giraffes just walked along without any problem. “Why can't I be like them? I get so tired of bending down to get past some of the trees!” she thought.

One day Jilly was eating leaves when she saw one of her friends, Granite, struggling (努力) to reach some leaves on the other trees. Jilly went up to him and asked, “What's wrong?” The giraffe said, “I'm having trouble reaching the leaves of these trees. I wish I were as tall as you so I wouldn't have any trouble getting my food.” “You want to be as tall as I am?” asked Jilly. “I always wanted to be shorter so I wouldn't have to bend down to get past all these trees.” With that, Jilly pulled down the leaves for Granite. Suddenly two more giraffes came along and asked if Jilly could get them some leaves. “Sure,” said Jilly. “I would be glad to help you.”

After all the giraffes had their food that day, Jilly started back to the other side of the zoo to rest (休息). She felt so happy and proud that she was able to help the other giraffes get their food from the tall trees. “How silly it was of me to want to be shorter like them,” she thought to herself.

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My 14-year-old son John and I noticed the coat at the same time in a second hand clothing store. It stood out among big and old coats. The coat was black and beautiful. The price was also unbelievable: $ 28．John's eyes gleamed (闪烁). Dark, woolen topcoats (羊绒大衣) were popular with teenage boys, but they could cost several hundred dollars to buy a new one. He put it on and the fit was perfect.

   John wore the coat to school the next day and came home with a big smile. "Did the kids like your coat?" I asked. "They loved it," he said.

   Over the next few weeks, John changed. He was polite, more thoughtful, and much happier. "Good dinner, Mom," he would say this every evening. One day when I suggested that he could start on his homework before dinner, John, who always put things off, said, "You're right. I guess I will." When I talked to one of his teachers about these differences, she joked that the coat must have changed him.

   John and I both know that clothes do not define a person, but there is something to be said for looking good. Sometimes, watching John leave for school, I've remembered what it felt like to be in the eighth grade — a time when it is easy to try on different kinds of lives as it is to try on a coat. The future is just ahead, where all the doors are open. And if I were there right now, I would picture myself walking through those doors wearing my wonderful, magical coat.

a. her son was happier and easier to get on with friends

b. her son received more praise from his teacher

c. her son was willing to follow suggestions

d. her son made great progress in study

e. her son would say sweet words to please her

Spend a day with the New York Red Bulls’ midfielder（中场队员）Tyler Adams.

8:00a.m.I don’t set the alarm, but I usually wake up at the same time every day.I live with my family in Poughkeepsie, New York, which is about an hout and ahalf from the arena（体育场）by car.For home games,I’ve been staying at a hotel in Florham Park,New Jersey,about 30 minutes from where play.

8:30 a.m. There’s a restaurant in the hotel that I go to for breakfast.I usually order scrambled eggs,potatoes,toast and a parfait.

9:30 a.m. I’ll go back to my room and start doing homework.I’m taking classes online through Southern New Hampshire University.I’m looking to get a psycholgy（心理学）degree.

11:30 a.m.I’ll have a snack,something like a small sandwich.

12:00 p.m. Nap（小睡）time!I’ll set my alarm to wake up by two.I always use music to wake me up.I change it all the time,but J.Cole is my favorite artist.

2:00 p.m. I showet and get dressed.On game day,we get dressed a little more professionally.Not a suit,but jeans,nice shoes and a dress shirt.

4:30 p.m. I get to the arena by five.There’s a nice lounge（休息室）area for the players to hang out in and watch TV before the game.We get dressed about an hour before the game starts.

6:25 p.m.We head out to the field for warm-ups.

6:50 p.m. We go back into the locker room.Our coach will talk to us.

7:00 p.m. Game time!

According to scientists’ research, the month in which babies are born could affect(影响) them in some ways.

Babies born in spring get sick easily. Children born under Aquarius (Jan. 21st—Feb. 19th) may be less clever than those born in other seasons. They may also have shorter lives than those born in autumn. Scientists believe many of the differences can be explained by the mother’s exposure to sunlight in pregnancy (怀孕). Sunlight helps lead to the production of vitamin D in the body. The lack (缺乏) of vitamin D in the first months of life may have a bad effect on health.

Vitamin D is called the “sunshine vitamin”. It has a good effect on health. A study showed that people born from April to June had slightly shorter lives than those born in October, November or December. Similar studies in the US showed that people born in autumn lived about 160 days longer than those born in spring.

Professor Russell Foster said the conclusions were surprising and interesting. He added, “These are small effects but they are very, very clear. I am not giving voice to star signs and they are just for fun. But it is true that we are affected by our season of birth.”

  British newspapers are much smaller than they used to be and their readers are often in a hurry, so newspapermen write as few words as possible. They tell their readers at once what happened, where, when and how it happened and what was the result: how many people were killed, what change was done and so on. Readers want the fact set out as fully and accurately(准确地) as possible. Readers are also interested in the people who have seen the accident. So a newspaper-man always likes to get some information from someone who was there, which can be given in the person's own words. Because he can use only a few words , the newspaperman must choose those words carefully , every one must be effective (有效). Instead of "he called out in a loud voice", he writes "he shouted"; instead of "the loose stones rolled noisily down the side of the mountain", he will write "they thundered down the mountainside". Because many of the readers aren't very clever, and most of them are in a hurry.

Butterflies are common all over the world, but butterflies in hotter countries are usually bigger and more brightly colored than those in cooler countries, and there are more different kinds.

   Usually the male（雄性的）butterflies are more brightly colored than the females. The females have bigger and heavier bodies since they carry the eggs. The bright colors of the males help to attract the  females, and the duller（较暗淡的）colors of the females make them less likely（可能的）to be caught by enemies before they have laid their eggs.                                                         

   Some butterflies have bright pattern colors on the upper surface of their wings that show when flying, but when they rest on a tree or leaves, they close their wings. On the undersides of their wings there are green and brown marks which look like the tree or leaves. They are then difficult to be seen. The best example of this is the Dead Leaf Butterfly. When its wings are c1osed, it looks exactly like a dead leaf. There are even marks that look like the holes in a dead leaf. When the butterfly is run after by a bird, it closes its wings and seems to have disappeared completely.

   Many butterflies have round marks on their wings that look like eyes. The round marks have a useful function（功能）. When the butterflies are resting, their wings are closed, and these marks can’t be seen. When a bird sees one, and begins to attack it, the butterfly will open its wings. The bird thinks that it sees two eyes staring at it, frightened, and flies away.

Sonia and Robert are good friends.   76   Listen! They are talking about an interesting question in the corner. Why do many people change their names? There can be many reasons. For example, Robert changed his name to Tim because he thought it would be easier for people to remember. On the other hand, Sonia is thinking about changing her name to an unusual name because she wants to be different.

     77   Film stars, pop singers, sports players and some other famous people often change their names because they want their names unusual, or to have special sound. They choose the “new name ” for themselves instead of（替代）the name their parents gave them when they were born.

    Some people have another reason for changing their names.  78   For example, Li Liwen changed his name to Paul Lee when he moved to Australia. He uses the name Paul at his school in Australia. But his family and his Chinese friends still call him Li Liwen.  79   .

      In many countries, a woman changes her family name to her husband’s after she gets married（结婚）.  80 __

   C

  Children need encouragement(鼓励)and support（支持）from the family to be successful in school. So, as parents, you should take part in your children’s educational activities, and it will be helpful for both you and your children.

  Just ask. Ask your children what they studied in class today, what they liked and what they learned. Asking questions shows that school is important.

  Quiet study. Choose a place for home study and make sure the room is quiet during that time. Greating a quiet place goes a long way toward helping your children learn.

  Regular schedule (时间表). Set up a fixed time of day for homework. Follow up with your children to be sure homework is completed and handed in on time.

  Learn together. If you want your children to finish their tasks, give yourself a task, too. When it’s time for them to do homework, take a break and spend a few minutes reading a book, a mgazine or newspaper.

­­_________ Add your children’s interest in schoolwork by relating school to everyday life. For instance, your children can learn math while you prepare favorite foods together.

  Meet their teachers. Meet with your children’s techers to discuss their progress(进步) in school.

Praise( 表扬)helps. Praise your children for successfully completing homework. Nothing encourages children more than praise from their parents.