Believe it or not,oceans and seas are easy to be harmed by the development of human society．They are also influenced by man-made pollution easily．It is human beings that do great harm to the ocean ecosystem(生态系统)．

The coral reefs（珊瑚）that provide food and protection for many ocean creatures（生物）is important toecosystems．However, the coral reefs in almost all the oceansare in dangerof pollution.Chemicals from factories end up in the oceans and destroycoral reefs.If the coral system die,some ocean creatures will be sure to die out．

Protecting the ocean also has something to do with the protection of ocean wildlife like dolphins.The fishing industry depends on modern ways to catch many fish in order to earn more money.But net for fishing also catch other sea animals.The fishing boat workers are advised to check their nets and set other ocean animals free.But the boats are in a hurry to make money and often other ocean animals are caught with fish．

Oil spills(溢出) can destroy the ocean environment because oilcankill all ocean life．The world depends on oil and there is plenty of oil off the shore in many countries.The need foroil is more important than the risk of the oil spill.However,the fact is that one ocean mistake can lead to an ocean environment accident. Itwill cause years ofdamageto the financial ecosystems andkill all the creatures in the area of the spill.The oil will be washed up on the shore and destroy ecosystems along the shore，including birds．

Everyone who cares about the environment should pay more attention to protecting the ocean,and all of us should do something for the protection of the ocean．

There have always been a lot of commonly believed but false (虚假的) ideas about being fat and doing exercise. Some people believe that they can’t help putting an weight as they get older, while others hold that if they stop exercising, their muscles (肌肉) will turn into fat. Here are some more myths (神话).

I’ll never lose weight--I come from a fat family

Wrong! While we canˈt change the body type we are born with, we can’t blame our genes (基因) for making us fat. There’s plenty of evidence that fatness runs in families, and the main reason is that they share the same habit of eating too much and exercise too little.

I am fat because I burn calories slowly

Wrong! Fatness is not caused by a slow metabolism (新陈代谢). In fact, although fat people consume (消耗) more energy than slim people, they also fail to realize how much they eat. Keeping a diary can help you work out your daily food intake more accurately (精确地).

Exercise is boring

Wrong! Anything will become boring if you do it again and again. The key is to develop a balanced and varied (各种的) program that’s fun as well as progressive (不断进步的). If you enjoy a Sunday walk, take a different mute. If you do yoga (瑜伽), try a tai chi class.

No pain, no gain

Wrong! Exercise is not meant to hurt. Indeed, pain is your body telling you something’s wrong, and continuing to exercise could lead to serious injury (伤害). You may experience mild discomfort as you begin to exercise regularly, but this is your body adapting to the positive changes in your lifestyle and the aches should disappear quickly. If they donˈt, rest and ask for medical advice.

Jilly the giraffe lived at the Morgan Zoo. She liked the zoo and was friends with all the other giraffes. There was just one problem. Jilly was too tall. When she walked slowly around the zoo, she had to bend down (俯身) to get past some of the trees. The other giraffes just walked along without any problem. “Why can't I be like them? I get so tired of bending down to get past some of the trees!” she thought.

One day Jilly was eating leaves when she saw one of her friends, Granite, struggling (努力) to reach some leaves on the other trees. Jilly went up to him and asked, “What's wrong?” The giraffe said, “I'm having trouble reaching the leaves of these trees. I wish I were as tall as you so I wouldn't have any trouble getting my food.” “You want to be as tall as I am?” asked Jilly. “I always wanted to be shorter so I wouldn't have to bend down to get past all these trees.” With that, Jilly pulled down the leaves for Granite. Suddenly two more giraffes came along and asked if Jilly could get them some leaves. “Sure,” said Jilly. “I would be glad to help you.”

After all the giraffes had their food that day, Jilly started back to the other side of the zoo to rest (休息). She felt so happy and proud that she was able to help the other giraffes get their food from the tall trees. “How silly it was of me to want to be shorter like them,” she thought to herself.

根据材料内容选择最佳答案。

The Singapore Zoo is in the middle of a big city, but after 30 minutes you will forget the city. It is an “open zoo”;visitors will not see many cages(笼子) or fences (围栏). They can walk on paths around the animals’ natural homes. There are deep ditches(沟) between the animals and the people. The dangerous animals are behind glass walls.

   The Singapore Zoo calls itself the “best rainforest zoo in the world”. It has many beautiful and unusual animals; there are about 10 different parts to the main zoo and about 10 exhibits(展品) of special animals. In September, 2012, Kai Kai and Jia Jia, two pandas from China, joined the zoo’s family.

   The Singapore Zoo has some large section (区). One is the Night Safari. Visitors can take a bus or walk in the park at night; special lights help them see the animals. Another section is the Jurong Bird Park. It is full of colorful birds. They fly freely and call to each other. It is a beautiful place.

Are you a positive (积极的) person? If so you are always hopeful and think of good points of a situation instead of bad ones. The power of positive thinking has been widely researched. It’s funny that some of us accept this power quickly while others are doubtful. Do you know the reason? Our opinions about positive thinking might explain its point.

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When facing a problem we weigh success or failure against the problem itself. We might think that positive thinking always leads us to expect success. Actually it’s more important to realize that positive thinking results in acceptance of our situation. If we think positively we may predict success or ways to move on when we are in difficulties. There’s a difference between blind positivity and seeing things in a positive way.

Results from positive thinking

Does research see any real value in positive thinking? Many studies show that a positive attitude leads to less stress and sadness. Physically positive thinking also leads to a longer life and quicker recovery(恢复) from sickness. Positive people with a family history of heart problems are even less likely to experience heart attacks.

Positive VS Negative(消极)

It seems strange to think that a state of mind can have such effects. But there are several reasons why a positive attitude is better than a negative one. Negative feelings are good for making us focus on tasks such as running from danger for example. However positive feelings open us up to a world of kinds of possibilities and bring us helpful ways. The more results of positive thinking naturally last longer as well.

Strategies for positivity

A positive attitude comes easier for some people than others because it’s a born character. Still anyone can try a few things to bring out the positive.

a. Rebuilding: See positives through negatives such as being glad the subway is cheap even when crowded.

b. Distance: When making a big decision act like you’re giving a friend advice.

c. Smile: Real or not smiles are shown to decrease (降低) heart rate and blood pressure.

In the end a positive attitude requires not only positive thinking but also positive action.

The best way of learning a language is by using it. The best way of learning English is talking about English as much as possible. Sometimes you’ll get your words mixed up and people will not understand you. Sometimes people will say things too quickly and you can’t understand them. But if you keep your sense of humor (幽默), you can always have a good laugh over the mistakes you make. Don’t be unhappy if people seem to be laughing at your mistakes. It is much better for people to be laughing at your mistakes than to be angry because they don’t understand what you are saying. The most important rule for learning English is: Don’t be afraid of making mistakes, for everyone makes mistakes.

 The weather is getting hotter. You are thirsty after playing basketball or riding home from School. A cold drink may be just the thing. But be careful of what you are drinking. Something that looks cool may not be good for our health. There are plenty of “energy drinks” on the market. Most of them have beautiful colors and cool names. The lists on them tell you they are helpful to your health. Sounds great!

 But after a careful check you may find that most energy drinks have lots of caffeine (咖啡因) in them. These drinks are especially aimed at young people, students, busy people and sports players. Makers sometimes say their drinks make you better at sports and can keep you awake. But be careful not to drink too much.

  Caffeine makes your heart beat fast. Because of this, the International Olympic Committee has limited( 限制) its use. Caffeine in most energy drinks is at least as strong as that in a cup of coffee or tea. Possible health dangers have something to do with energy drinks. Just one box of energy drink can make you nervous, have difficulty sleeping and can even cause heart problems. Scientists say that teenagers should be discouraged from taking drinks with a lot of caffeine in them.

According to scientists’ research, the month in which babies are born could affect(影响) them in some ways.

Babies born in spring get sick easily. Children born under Aquarius (Jan. 21st—Feb. 19th) may be less clever than those born in other seasons. They may also have shorter lives than those born in autumn. Scientists believe many of the differences can be explained by the mother’s exposure to sunlight in pregnancy (怀孕). Sunlight helps lead to the production of vitamin D in the body. The lack (缺乏) of vitamin D in the first months of life may have a bad effect on health.

Vitamin D is called the “sunshine vitamin”. It has a good effect on health. A study showed that people born from April to June had slightly shorter lives than those born in October, November or December. Similar studies in the US showed that people born in autumn lived about 160 days longer than those born in spring.

Professor Russell Foster said the conclusions were surprising and interesting. He added, “These are small effects but they are very, very clear. I am not giving voice to star signs and they are just for fun. But it is true that we are affected by our season of birth.”

My grandfather is an eighty-year-old man. He always complains about how fast things have changed, and he often says that life used to be better.

 Families aren't families the way they used to be. A lot of families have broken down. If husband and wife have problems with their marriage, they no longer stay together. And mothers used to stay at home and take care of their children, but now not anymore. Everyone's working. No one has time to look after children at home.

 And the cars! No one walks anymore; everyone drives. We used to walk five miles to school every day, even in winter. But now we don't. And in school, the children don't have to think anymore. In math class, for example, we used to add, subtract, multiply and divide in our heads. Kids don't use their heads anymore; instead, they use calculators(计算器).

 Most families have computers now. In the past we didn't have computers. We didn't even have lights. My mother used to spend all day cooking in the kitchen. But now nobody eats home-cooked food anymore.

 And people don't talk to each other anymore. They are too busy to talk, too busy to eat, too busy to think .

 Life used to be simple, but it isn't anymore.

  ①There are lights at home

  ②People like to eat home-cooked food

  ③Lots of families have computers

  ④Lots of couples live apart because of unhappy problems