The origin of yoga are covered in the mists of time. Yoga, known as “ the supreme science of life”, is an ancient system of physical and mental practices that originated during the Indus Valley Civilization in South Asia. The basic purpose of yoga is to build harmony in the body, mind, and environment .

  Yoga is a complete system of physical , mental, social, and spiritual development. For generation, this philosophy was passed on from the master teacher to the student. The first _____________  of the practice of yoga appeared around 200 BC in Yogasutra.

  There are many benefits that individuals can gain from the practice of yoga. At the physical level, yoga can clean the body and has proven to be extremely effective for various disorders. Here are some of the benefits of yoga practice.

  Increasing flexibility(柔韧性) ----- There are positions in yoga that act upon the various joint5s in the body including those joints that we never really use.

  Massaging(按摩) all the organs of the body----- Research has shown that the yoga exercise is probably the only form of activity that messages all of the glands and organs of the body to promote good health and well-being. 

  Balance the nervous system------ Yoga is a great form of mediation that can balance the nervous system.

  Reduction of stress----- Because yoga is a slow and gentle form of exercise combined with breathing exercises, it can relax the body.

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If you want to make your body, mind and environment balanced, you can begin yoga.

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阅读下面的短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。

The Ministry of Education recently released a statement encouraging middle schools to provide Wi-Fi coverage for their students. Do you think middle school campuses should be covered with Wi-Fi?

Sheng Junjie,17:

In my opinion, Wi-Fi should cover campuses. The Internet contains an enormous amount of information. If Wi-Fi could be used on campus, it would be more convenient for students to surf the Internet connection had a positive influence on students’ studying, the school could work out technical tools to guide them.

Han Xu,17:

Personally, I think that Wi-Fi coverage is not a good thing. Everyone would agree that not all information on the Internet is reliable. Students would be likely to come across awful things like false information, even violence and fraud, on the school Wi-Fi network. It would have a bad influence on the growth of students, and may even lead to more serious problems.

【写作内容】

1. 用约30个单词概述上述信息的主要内容；

2. 结合上述信息，就“中学校园是否要覆盖无线网络”这个话题发表你的看法，并说明理由。

【写作要求】

1. 写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句；

2. 作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；

3. 不必写标题。

【评分标准】

内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，字数适当。

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It was a hot summer day and I ran down the street hurriedly with a dollar in my sweaty hand. The closer I got to Sam & Joe’s, the more excited I was. After all, a dollar was a tidy sum for an 11-year-old boy in 1961. 

Out of breath, I pushed the door open and got a blast of cold air that instantly cooled me off. I was in a place of pure happiness. Sam & Joe’s had it all - books, candy, toys, baseball cards，puzzles and games. I went directly to the bar（水吧） and ordered a bottle of soda. There I sat, considering my next move. 

Books always came first. I picked out five copies. Next came the candy, rows and rows of it. I chose five candy bars, which brought my total to 25 cents. Then a bottle of cold orange juice, a bag of chips and a pack of Ted Williams baseball cards. After paying the clerk, I still had 5 cents.

I hurried directly to my backyard, where an apple tree patiently waited for me. There, sitting under the tree, I read my books, ate my candy and drank my orange juice.

As I sat in my own personal heaven(天堂), I started thinking about having more. That’s when a fantastic life-changing idea jumped into head: If I could get more money, I could buy more books I liked, buy anything I wanted. That’s how it all started.

(1). How did the boy feel on his way to Sam & Joe’s?  (no more than 5 words)

(2). What does “a tidy sum” mean in Paragraph 1? (no more than 5 words) 

(3). What did the boy consider doing first after he ordered soda?(no more than 5 words) 

(4). What did the boy do while reading? (no more than 5 words) 

(5). Where was the boy’s “personal heaven” ? (no more than 5 words)

（1）Each spring brings a new blossom of wildflowers in the ditches (路沟) along the highway I travel daily to work.

（2）There is one particular blue flower that has always caught my eye. I’ve noticed that it blooms only in the morning hours, for the afternoon sun is too warm for it. Every day for approximately two weeks, I see those beautiful flowers.

（3）This spring, I started a wildflower garden in our yard. I can look out of the kitchen window while doing the dishes and see the flowers. I’ve often thought that those lovely blue flowers from the ditches would look great in that bed alongside other wildflowers. Every day I drove past the flowers thinking, “I’ll stop on my way home and dig them.” “Gee, I don’t want to get my good clothes dirty…” Whatever the reason, I never stopped to dig them. My husband even gave me a folding shovel (铲子) one year for my trunk to be used for that expressed purpose.

（4）One day on my way home from work, I was saddened to see that the highway department had moved the ditches and the pretty blue flowers were gone. I thought to myself, “Way to go, you waited too long. You should have done it when you first saw them blooming this spring.”

（5）A week ago we were shocked to know that my oldest sister-in-law has a terminal brain tumor (脑瘤晚期). She is 20 years older than my husband and unfortunately, because of age and distance, we haven’t been as close as we all would have liked.

（6）I couldn’t help but see the connection between the pretty blue flowers and the relationship between my husband’s sister and us. I do believe that God has given us some time left to plant some wonderful memories that will bloom every year for us.

（7）And yes, if I see the blue flowers again, you can bet I’ll stop and transplant them to my wildflower garden.

阅读下面材料，然后按要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。

One day a nice old man found a cocoon (茧) of a butterfly(蝴蝶). He took it home.A few days later, a small opening appeared; he sat and watched the butterfly for several hours as it struggled to force its body through that little hole.

Then it seemed to stop making any progress. It appeared as if it had gotten as far as it could and it could go no further. Then the man decided to help the butterfly, so he took a pair of scissors and cut off the remaining bit of the cocoon. The butterfly then appeared easily.

But it had a swollen body and small, fragile wings. The man continued to watch the butterfly because he expected that, at any moment, the wings would enlarge and expand to be able to support the body, which would be smaller in time. Neither happened! In fact, the butterfly spent the rest of its life crawling (慢慢爬行) around with a swollen body and fragile wings. It never was able to fly.

The man did not understand that the limited cocoon and the struggle required for the butterfly to get through the tiny opening were Nature’s way of forcing fluid (液体) from the body of the butterfly into its wings so that it would be ready for flight once it achieved its freedom from the cocoon.

【写作内容】

1. 以约30个词概括故事的主要内容。

2. 以约120个词就“个人成长需要艰难生活的磨砺”这一话题发表你的看法，内容包括：

(1)你读了这则故事后的感受。

(2)简述当前父母溺爱子女的现象和由此造成的后果。

(3)假如你是父母一方，你会如何磨砺自己的孩子？(至少两点)

【写作要求】

1. 使用实例支持你的论点，不得直接引用原文中的句子。

2. 作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。

3. 要有结尾。

【评分标准】

概括准确，语言规范，内容合适，语篇连贯。

写作

第一节　应用文写作

你校要举办首届英语节(English Festival)。假如你是学生会主席李华，请你用英语给全校师生写一封信。信的内容主要包括：

1. 举办时间：3月6日—3月10日；

2. 内容：英文歌曲比赛、英文戏剧表演、西方文化讲座等；

3. 举办英语节的意义。

注意：1. 词数80左右；

2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

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第二节　概要写作

阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。

In schools and at home, most of us have been scolded or even got punished for daydreaming. The majority of people say that by daydreaming we waste our time and energy on something unproductive. But many medical studies have shown something different. Theyˈve stressed the fact that daydreaming works wonders on our imagination, creativity and situation-handling techniques. In fact, many problems can be easily solved if we daydream.

The topmost benefit of daydreaming is that your mood gets the right improvement. By separating yourself from the world around you, you tend to enjoy the loneliness in your mind and get peace from daydreaming as you think about something that calms your senses. When you start imagining things, you will forget all the stress and tension. Instead, you will get happiness from it and this happiness will turn into a source of energy that helps you work in a good mood.

Many psychologists have said that people who daydream tend to have a sharper memory. Itˈs true. When youˈre daydreaming, youˈll tend to get carried away to imagine various situations, either real or unreal. You tend to act differently in different situations, trying to satisfy your mind by doing what you want in your dreams. When your mind gets satisfied, youˈre in a better position to concentrate more on your work. Since daydreaming activates (激活) the nerves of your brain，you tend to have higher attentiveness and your ability to remember things will develop.

When you daydream, you automatically imagine yourself as your heart says and therefore, you get to know yourself better. You also start realizing the mistakes youˈve made in life and trying your best to avoid repeating them. Such imagination techniques help you to connect yourself with your soul.

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Book Creator

With the book creator you can create a book containing wiki pages of your choice．You can export the book in different formats（for example PDF or ODF） or order a printed copy．

See Help：Books for more information．

Using the Book creator

After the book creator has been enabled，the box as seen below is shown above each wiki page．

Add this page to your book

Adds the currently viewed article（page） to your book．

Show book

Opens a new page which will show a list of all articles（pages） that you added to your book．On that page，you can change the order of the articles in your book and structure them using chapters．Further，you can download the books as a PDF or ODF，or order a printed book．

Suggest pages

This tool analyzes the current set of pages in your book and suggests articles that might be also relevant to the overall topic of your book．This tool allows to create books quickly．

Disable

This will disable the Book creator and delete your book（unless you saved it first）．

Adding pages without visiting them

A quick way to add pages is to simply hover on a linked article．If you wait about one second，a small box will

pop up with the message"Add linked wiki page to your book"．Click on this link，and the linked article will be added to your book．

Adding whole categories

If you are viewing a category page，you can add all the pages in that category at once．The Add this page to your book link will have changed into Add this category to your book．Click on this new link，and all the articles in that category will be added to your book．Relevant categories may be found at the very bottom of Wikipedia articles．Categories can also be added by hovering category links．