People all over the world celebrate the new year. However, not all countries celebrate in the same way, and in some countries, the new year doesn't begin on the   (1)   date every year.

   In many countries, the new year begins on 1st January, but people start celebrating on 31st December, New Year's Eve. In New York many people go to celebrate in Times Square.   (2)   they're waiting for the New Year, they listen to music, sing traditional songs and have fun. Just before 12 o'clock, everyone   (3)   down from 10, 9, 8...As soon as it's 12 o'clock, everyone shouts very   (4)  , "Happy New Year!"

   New Year's Day is often a family day. Some families get together for a special meal. When the weather is fine, many families go out for a   (5)  .

   On New Year's Day, many people make resolutions for the new year. They   (6)  a list of things, such as "I will help out more with housework. I will work  (7)  at school than others." or "I won't spend so much time playing video games." When they have made  (8)   lists, they read it to their family or friends and promise to   (9)  their resolutions.

   So it doesn't matter how they celebrate,   (10)   people in countries all over the world, it's a time to say goodbye to the old year, and to welcome the new.

We sometimes call the lion “the king of the jungle”, because it is stronger and more dangerous than other animals. It can  36   faster than many animals and it can hunt other beasts. It is one of the highest animals in the   37  food chain（食物链）.

In the sea, the shark is one of the animals at the top of the food chain. It can swim faster than    38 other sea animals, and it can use its big teeth to eat them.

What is at the top of the world’s food chain? People are! We are not the biggest or fastest, but we are the   39   . We could not run faster than cheetahs(猎狗)，so we   40   cars and now we can move the fastest. We could not fight better than lions, so we invented guns. Now we can hunt the beast

People’s inventions（发明）are clever, but they can be   41  ,too. For example, people built  42  , and now they make the air and rivers dirty. This can make terrible changes. Dirty rivers kill fish.  43    bears cannot eat the fish. If we kill one part of the food chain, other parts also will die. Remember that we are a part of the food chain, 44    we are in danger, too. If we protect animals, we are protecting    45     ! We should and we could do something for the world!

   The New York Times published an article recently that shows great regret for the “death of conversation”. It suggests that while technology such as cell phones, e-mails, and Internet posting makes us feel more    (1 )   than ever, they’re also driving us    (2)    from people around us.

    Users get final connectivity    (3)    the price of     (4)      face-to-face conversation. Sherry Turkle, author of the article in The New York Times says people are     (5)      to a different way of being “alone together”.

Actually,     (6)    text messages or writing micro-blogs allows us to

   (7)     thoughts.  (8)   bits and pieces of online cannot    (9)    a “real conversation.” Lan Guo, 19, a freshman English major from Changsha University, said that she would like to hear people’s tone of voice and see their faces in a (n)    (10)    “The give and take of ideas in a conversation sharpens our minds.” she said. She also mentions that

   (11)    ourselves in mobile technology reduces our chance of starting conversations with strangers and    (12)   people.

Turkle mentioned the popular   (13)    of “I share, therefore I am.” among this generation.  Liu Xuan, a young writer from Taiwan and psychology graduate from Harvard University, thinks it’s a mindset adopted by most young people. They are so busy creating or polishing their online persona (网络人格) that they forget how to live a (n)   (14)    life. For example, they may                  (15)      more about blogging about attending a party rather than enjoying being    (16)    .

       (17)    , experts remind us that it’s unfair to blame mobile technology. Chen Chen, a sociology expert at China Youth & Children Research Center, points out that it is still owners of gadgets, such as cell phones and tablets, who’re avoiding personal    (18)    . We take advantage of these devices to    (19)   ourselves from others. Texting messages or calling may be a (n)  (20)    to avoid contact with others, such as having eye contact. “Only by strengthening conversation can we understand each other. Simply throwing away the mobile gadgets is not a solution.” she said.

   The journey of water as it flows upon the earth can be a mirror of our own paths through life. Water begins its   (1)  on earth as it falls from the sky and streams down a mountain into a stream or river. In the same way, we come into the world and begin our lives on earth. Like a river that flows within the   (2)  of its banks, we are born with certain defining characteristics that   (3)  our identity. We are born in a specific time and place, within a specific family, and with certain gifts and   (4)  . With these limitations, we move through life,  (5)  many twists, turns, and barriers along the way just as a river  (6)  .
      Water is a great teacher that shows us   (7)   to move through the world with grace, bravery, determination, and  (8)  . When a river   (9)   at a waterfall, it gains energy and moves on, as we face our own waterfalls, we may fall hard   (10)  we always keep moving on. Water can inspire us not to become rigid (死板的)with fear or stick to what’s familiar. Water is  (11)   and does not waste time sticking to its past, but flows onward without   (12)   . At the same time, when there is a  (13)  to be filled, water does not run away from it in   (14)   of the dark; instead, water modestly and bravely fills the empty space. In the same way, we can face the   (15)   moments of our life rather than run away from them.
        (16)  , a river will empty into the sea. Water does not hold back from   (17)  in a larger body, nor does it fear a loss of  (18)   or control. It gracefully and modestly falls into the vastness by contributing its energy and joining without   (19)  . Each time we move beyond our individual characters to become part of something bigger, w e can try our best to   (20)   the lead of the river.

In the 1960s，Douglas McGregor，one of the key thinkers in the art of management，developed the mow famous Theory X and Theory Y．Theory X is the idea that people instinctively (1)work and will do anything to avoid it．Theory Y is the view that everyone has the potential to find satisfaction in work．

In any case，despite so much evidence to the (2)，many managers still agree to Theory X．They believe，(3)，that their employees need constant supervision if they are to work effectively，or that decisions must be imposed from (4)without consultation．This，of course，makes for authoritarian（专制的）managers．

Different cultures have different ways of (5)people．Unlike authoritarian management，some cultures，particularly in Asia，are well known for the consultative nature of decision﹣making﹣all members of the department or work group are asked to (6) to this process．This is management by the collective opinion．Many western companies have tried to imitate such Asian ways of doing things，which are based on general (7)．Some experts say that women will become more effective managers than men because they have the power to reach common goals in a way that traditional(8) managers cannot．

A recent trend has been to encourage employees to use their own initiative，to make decisions on their own without(9) managers first．This empowerment（授权）has been part of the trend towards downsizing：(10)the number of management layers in companies．After de﹣layering in this way，a company may be (11) with just a top level of senior managers，front﹣line managers and employees with direct contact with the public．Empowerment takes the idea of delegation（委托）much further than has (12) been the case．Empowerment and delegation mean new forms of management control to (13) that the overall business plan is being followed，and that operations become more profitable under the new organization，rather than less．

Another trend is off﹣site or (14) management，where teams of people linked by e﹣mail and the Internet work on projects from their own houses．Project managers evaluate the (15) of the team members in terms of what they produce for projects，rather than the amount of time they spend on them．

What is the power of music？ It captures (唤起) moments in time.　It gives people something ____41____ to remember when they ____42____ in their lives. But it is so much more than a picture or an object you can put in a shoebox. It captures an emotional memory， and it just ____43____ with people. "We are Young" is a ____44____ whose tune is going to stick with people. The inspirational feeling it has will ____45____ a lot to people and sometimes may even change people 's lives. The ____46____ of music will give people a real， solid thing to hold in their heart， some－

 thing to make the ____47____ of their memories much brighter.

　　Music can also do something for the ____48____ side of the human experience.　When my world gets ____49____ and I feel that it's hard to go on， it's the passion of music that gives me the ____50____ to go on to the next day. From the guitar notes and the singer's sad voice， I can hear and know that I'm not the only one that has gone through this ____51____ . What I get ____52____ music is another thing that music gives people. When you go through something in your lives， feelings from the ____53____ of loved ones， you will ____54____ music for help. It's that much ____55____ to get through those times when you know you are not ____56____ in what you are feeling. It's the lyrics (歌词) and music that help you to get through ____57____ times.

　　Music is just one of those things that really mean something to people. It is the sounds and feelings that make up people's ____58____. It is the most human art form ____59____ it deals with the feelings that are the most important ____60____ of the human experience.

                                                                    Third Culture Kids

   As more cities and companies become increasing international, there is a growing number of children that are creating their own sub-culture. Often   (1)   to as TCKs (Third Culture Kids) or Global Nomads, these students have a(n)   (2)    impact on the global community.

So who are these Third Culture Kids? They are not a new phenomenon. As one looks   (3)   history, there is a realization that certain groups of people have led highly   (4)   lives, a key   (5)  

in describing TCKs. They often   (6)   their parents into another country and spend a significant part of his or her development years outside the parents’ culture. They are   (7)   to new cultures and to other people in the community who   (8)   move constantly. Their numbers   (9)   into the hundreds of thousands and are increasing. Ease of   (10)   and constant relocation of people through multinational companies and global business links contribute to this   (11)  .

  The question “Who am I?” is frequently asked by TCKs. They have   (12)   a host of cultural identities, and have built relationships to all the cultures,     (13)   not having full ownership of any. Although elements from each culture are absorbed into TCK’s life experience, the sense of   (14)    is in relationship to others of a similar background.  

   As you enter into the world of TCKs, one might suspect they are no   (15)  . But it is   (16)   , after spending only a short time with them, that they bring a deep knowledge from inside and a special ability to compare    (17)    and local issues. They represent many countries and cultures. They are the future cross-culturalists and     (18)   future politicians, diplomats, government employees and educators.

   They certainly experience a different lifestyle compared to their mono-cultural peers but we can benefit from their global and   (19)   lives. So, whatever one chooses to label the international students as ---TCKs, Global Nomads, or Global Souls ---we will gain unbelievable   (20)  .

When people are playing a game, they need to follow the rules. If they don't, the game becomes disorganized and unfair, and it   (1)   being fun. If a student   (2)   a rule against talking in class, the other students can't   (3)   . Drivers who don't follow traffic laws can cause serious   (4)   .

    Most things we do are governed by   (5)   . These may be unwritten,   (6)   the‘rules’of social politeness, or official laws passed by the government and   (7)   by the legal system.

      (8)   for breaking a rule may vary from being criticized (批评) to being put in prison. But all rules and laws have the same   (9)   . They are designed to make it   (10)   what most people agree is right or wrong, and what   (11)   if someone breaks the rule. They are designed to ensure fairness, safety and respect for other people's rights, and   (12)   they help us work, play and live together peacefully.

    If there were no rules and everyone was   (13)   to do whatever they wanted, most people would probably behave   (14)   . We need rules to   (15)   us to get along together and show respect for each other.

    Having rules doesn't stop people breaking them. We will   (16)   need judges and penalties (处罚), policemen and prisons. But most of us are basically   (17)   and don't cheat. Knowing the rules means that we usually try to   (18)   them. One reason we do this is to   (19)   punishment, but the strongest argument for following the rules is, quite simply, that it makes the world a   (20)   place for all of us.

There are lots of unwritten rules about how to behave in a polite way in Britain. People   (1)  the country are seldom told about such rules. That is because lots of British people often do not even  (2)  that they live by these ways   (3)   they see someone break them!

British people are well-known for caring much about queuing (排队). When people are   (4)  to buy a ticket or get on a bus, they usually form a   (5)  to wait until it is their turn. When you   (6)   you should join the back of the queue. And you must not  (7)  in front of the people who have been waiting longer than you. If you do not wait your   (8)   people around you can get very   (9)  and someone may shout at you.

In Britain, you must be  (10)   about your mobile phone manners. It is not polite to answer your mobile phone if you are already  (11)   other people. If you are in a   (12)  place like a library, your phone should be turned off or turned to silent. If you are making   (13)     people can get very unhappy.

By   (14)   British people are good at complaining about things to each other, but they are not good at telling the people in charge.   (15)    someone in a restaurant orders a  (16)   meal but it is brought to them cold. They may complain to the people they are eating with, but traditionally will not let the waiter   (17)   They may even tell him   (18)   is fine and that the food is lovely! Today, British people are getting better at   (19)   when they need to, but some people still think it is   (20)   to complain about something in public.

The oldest subway system in China is the Beijing Subway. Before the government undertook the building of a subway system, the only __  (1)  __ of public transport in Beijing were buses and trolleybuses. In 1965, the Chinese government __  (2)  __ the construction of a subway line. The tunnels for the __  (3)  __ were all dug by 1969. __  (4)  __，the opening of the new subway line was postponed until 1971, when the platforms and stations were finally __  (5)  __. In 1984 a second subway line was completed. The Beijing Subway grew __  (6)  __ until 2000, with only one new section being added to the two lines. Then in 2001, Beijing was chosen to host the 2008 __  (7)  __. As a result, between 2002 and 2008 the system was __  (8)  __. Altogether, six new lines were built in order to convey the many crowds of people coming to the Olympics, and to make transport in Beijing more __  (9)  __. Even after the Olympics, the growth of the Beijing Subway has __  (10)  __，and there will be 19 lines in total in the coming few years.