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            • 1．

               Millions of people die of hunger in southern Africa every year, but when Zambia was offered thousands of tons of free corn by the US, the government politely said no.

              “We don’t know whether the food is safe,” said Zambia’s Commerce, Trade and Industry Minister Dipak Patel.

              His worries are shared by countries around the world that are in two minds about America’s genetically modified (GM转基因) crops. Just last week, EU (欧盟) member nations were discussing whether or not to import GM sweet corn from the US.

              Ever since people started farming, they have tried to crossbreed (杂交) plants to make them stronger or better tasting. At one time, only related plants could be crossed with each other.

              But when GM techniques were developed in the 1970s, scientists were able to put a single gene from a living creature into an unrelated creature.

              This means they can make crops more productive and resistant (抵抗的) to disease by adding genes from other species. They can also create food with special characteristics, such as “golden rice”, which is enriched with vitamin A. But many people believe GM foods are a health risk.

              “If left to me, I would certainly not eat GM foods,” said Scottish scientist Arpad Pusztai. “We are putting new things into food which haven’t been eaten before. The effects on the immune system (免疫系统) are not easy to predict.”

              At the moment, the official argument is that GM foods “are not likely to present risks for human health”. But there are still many questions to be answered as the foods are produced in different ways.

              Some experts believe the genetic material added to plants can transfer to humans and give damage to our bodies. Further harm could be caused by the genes from GM plants crossbreeding with naturally produced crops.

              (1) Zambia government refused to accept corn from America because __________.

              A. they are not in short of it
              B. they are worried about its price

              C. golden rice is preferred
              D. its safety is in doubt

              (2) We learn from the passage _____________.

              A. people have discovered that GM foods will do harm to human health

              B. millions of Zambia people die of eating too much GM foods

              C. people are still not sure if GM foods will do harm to human health

              D. genetic material added to plants will damage our bodies sooner or later

              (3) What does “in two minds” in the third paragraph mean?

              A. Unsure.        B. Worried.                  
              C. Likely D. Careless.

              (4) Which of the following statements is NOT true about GM foods?

              A. It is produced from plants added genes from other species.

              B. GM foods can have special characteristics.

              C. GM foods will surely affect people’s immune system.

              D. GM foods have been produced since 1970s.

              (5) What’s the author’s attitude?

              A. Supportive.            B. Neutral (中立的).                
              C. Doubtful. D. Critical.

              难度：较易
              解析 收藏 试题篮
            • 2．
              The health-care economy is filled with unusual and even unique economic relationships．One of the least understood involves the special roles of producer or"provider"and purchaser or"consumer"in the typical doctor-patient relationship．In most areas of the economy，it is the seller who attempts to attract a potential buyer，and it is the buyer who make the decision．Such condition，however，does not exist in most of the health-care industry．
              In the health-care industry，the doctor-patient relationship is different from the ordinary relationship between producer and consumer．Once an individual has chosen to see a physician，it is the physician who usually makes all significant purchasing decisions：whether the patient should"return next Wednesday"，whether X-rays are needed，whether drugs should be prescribed，etc．It is a rare patient who will challenge such professional decisions，especially when the disease is regarded as serious．
              This is particularly significant in relation to hospital care．The physician must provide evidence for the need for hospitalization，and announce when the patient may be discharged．The patient may be consulted about some of these decisions，but in the main it is the doctor's judgments that are final．No wonder that in the eye of the hospital it is the physician who is the real"consumer"．As a consequence，the medical staff represents the"power center"in hospital policy and decision-making，not the administration．
              Although usually there are in this situation four participants-the hospital，the physician，the patient，and the payer （generally an insurance carrier or government）-the physician makes the essential for all of them．We estimate that about 75-80percent of health-care expenses are determined by physicians，not patients．For this reason，economy（节约） directed at patients or the general are ineffective．

              (1) The author's primary purpose is to ______ ．
              A. criticize doctors for using too much control over patients
              B. analyze some important economic factors in health-care
              C. urge hospitals to change their decision-making authority
              D. inform potential patients of their health-care rights
              (2) Doctors are able to determine hospital policies because ______ ．
              A. it is doctors who bring in income for the hospital
              B. it is doctors who arm with professional skills
              C. a doctor is responsible for a patient's health
              D. a doctor is in charge of a patient's hospital care
              (3) The author is most probably preparing for ______ ．
              A. a proposal to control medical costs
              B. a discussion of a new medical treatment
              C. an analysis of the cause of the doctor-patient conflicts
              D. a study of cases against doctors for neglecting their duty
              (4) The author is likely to agree that ______ ．
              A. patients tend to object to the course of the treatment prescribed by a doctor
              B. a seriously-sick patient is less likely to object to the course of treatment prescribed
              C. the payer is less likely to pay when the patient's illness is serious
              D. patients would dislike the physician's decisions when the diseases are serious．
              难度：较易
              解析 收藏 试题篮
            • 3．
              NO matter which tourist destination you visit，chances are you'll see Lonely Planet guidebooks in the hands of travelers．
              Lonely Planet is one of the world's largest travel guide brands，publishing more than 500different guides in eight languages．This year marks the company's 40th anniversary．The popular brand also produces television shows，websites and podcasts，all dedicated to travel．
              Some people praise Lonely Planet books because they make traveling easy and affordable．They save you time and keep you from missing the very best things in a place．And of course，their reviews of hostels，hotels and restaurants，in addition to ticket information about your destination，are useful．
              This can be great if you're a nervous traveler，or if you haven't traveled by yourself before．If you're in a country where you don't speak the language，sometimes there's nothing better than getting into a taxi and opening up a guidebook．You simply point to a map，directing the taxi driver to a hostel that's cheap and clean，with friendly staff and cold beer．
              But others criticize Lonely Planet and other travel guide publishers．They say guidebooks take the fun and spontaneity （率性） out of traveling，and that part of the enjoyment of travel comes from the fact that anything can happen．They also lament that if you follow a guidebook，you'll end up doing the same things and having the same experiences as everyone else．You might end up seeing the same group of people over and over，because everyone is reading the same book and following the same trail．
              Another criticism of travel guides is that they have an overly large influence on local communities．For example，some locals dedicate their lives solely to behaving in ways that attract tourists．They fake a traditional lifestyle，wear traditional clothes and live in traditional houses just to attract tourists'dollars．

              (1) The Lonely Planet guidebook can bring you the following advantages EXCEPT that ______ ．
              A. it can help you to save time and money when traveling
              B. you will not miss the best things without having to make choices
              C. it provides a lot of useful information about your destination
              D. you can easily find a nice place for you to stay in a strange city
              (2) Who will find a Lonely Planet guidebook very useful？ ______
              A. Someone who always takes a taxi when traveling．
              B. A tourist who likes to repeat others'experiences．
              C. A person who's nervous touring an unfamiliar place．
              D. A native traveler who is traveling alone．
              (3) People criticize the guidebook because ______ ．
              A. the guidebook is not as useful as most travelers expect
              B. travelers using it will be bored with meeting the same people on their journey
              C. travelers using it may not get the chance to have unexpected adventures
              D. local people keep their old lifestyle under the guidebook's influence
              (4) What does the underlined word"fake"in the last paragraph probably mean？ ______
              A. mistake B. learn
              		C. pretend D. create
              (5) What do we know about the"The Lonely Planet guidebook"from the text？ ______
              A. It is a world-famous brand that only produces guidebooks for travelers．
              B. It is popular around the world providing travelers with guidance in several languages．
              C. It influences many travelers'traveling experiences but is of no use to people．
              D. The writer loves it very much because of the convenience it brings to travelers．
              难度：较易
              解析 收藏 试题篮
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