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            • 1． Robert F． Kennedy once said that a country's GDP measures "everything except that which makes life worthwhile． "With Britain voting to leave the European Union， and GDP already predicted to slow as a result， it is now a timely moment to assess what he was referring to．
                  The question of GDP and its usefulness has annoyed policymakers for over half a century．Many argue that it is a flawed（有缺陷的） concept． It measures things that do not matter and misses things that do． By most recent measures， the UK's GDP has been the envy of the Western world， with record low unemployment and high growth figures． If everything was going so well， then why did over 17 million people vote for Brexit， despite the warnings about what it could do to their country's economic prospects．
                  A recent annual study of countries and their ability to convert growth into well-being sheds some light on that question． Across the 163 countries measured， the UK is one of the poorest performers in ensuring that economic growth is translated into meaningful improvements for its citizens． Rather than just focusing on GDP， over 40 different sets of criteria from health， education and civil society engagement have been measured to get a more rounded assessment of how countries are performing．
                  While all of these countries face their own challenges， there are a number of consistent themes． Yes， there has been a budding economic recovery since the 2008 global crash， but in key indicators in areas such as health and education， major economies have continued to decline． Yet this isn't the case with all countries． Some relatively poor European countries have seen huge improvements across measures including civil society， income equality and the environment．
                  This is a lesson that rich countries can learn： When GDP is no longer regarded as the sole measure of a country's success， the world looks very different．
                  So， what Kennedy was referring to was that while GDP has been the most common method for measuring the economic activity of nations， as a measure， it is no longer enough． It does not include important factors such as environmental quality or education outcomes all things that contribute to a person's sense of well-being．
                  The sharp hit to growth predicted around the world and in the UK could lead to a decline in the everyday services we depend on for our well-being and for growth． But policymakers who refocus efforts on improving well-being instead of simply worrying about GDP figures could avoid the forecasted doom and may even see progress．
              Title： High GDP But （1） ______  Well-being， a UK Lesson
              Passage outline Supporting details
              Different opinions of GDP •Robert F． Kennedy's believed that everything was measured by a country's GDP except （2） ______ A made life worthwhile．
              •Many people hold belief that GDP measures what is unimportant and
              misses what （3） ______ ．
              GDP as the measure of （4） ______ is widely defied in the UK． •Despite the fact the Westem world has envied the UK's for its high GDP
              with high（5） ______ and high growth figures， over 17 million people voted to leave the European Union．
              •A recent annual study shows that in the 163 countries measured ，the UK
              is one of countries， which have most （6） ______ transformed economic growth into meaningful improvements for its citizens．
              Main assessments of a country's（7） ______ •Over 40（8） ______ of criteria from health， education and civil society engagement．
              •Environmental quality or education outcomes-all things（9） ______ in a person's sense of happiness．
              Factors considered beyond GDP Policymakers， who don't simply worry about GDP figures， instead think（10） ______ of improving happiness， can avoid forecasting doom and may even see progress．
              难度：较易
              解析 收藏 试题篮
            • 2． Fear of missing out It"s Friday night． While many of your friends may celebrate by going to the movies or checking out a restaurant that"s just opened， you"ve decided to spend this highly cherished night of the week by yourself． The night is yours to enjoy． If you think this sounds relaxing， you"re not alone． At least for a little while until you start wondering if you"ve made the right choice． A doubt begins sinking in as you imagine the fun your friends are having in your absence． Suddenly， the quiet evening you planned for yourself begins to lose its initial appeal， and you find your excitement quickly turns to anxiety．
              Fear of missing out， or FOMO， is a common feeling． A recent study defined FOMO as "the uneasy and sometimes all-consuming feeling that you"re missing out - your peers are doing or in possession of more or something better than you．
              Fear of missing out often develops as a result of deeper unhappiness． Research has found that those with low levels of general life satisfaction are more likely to experience FOMO． Further worsening the all- too-common feeling is the rise of social media use． Active users of social media have a higher probability of comparing their achievements with others"． Rather than finding happiness through their own experiences， they begin worrying that theirs aren"t objectively better than anyone else"s．
              The consequences of FOMO are significant and far-reaching． One study conducted with first-year university students found that fear of missing out was associated with fatigue（疲劳）， stress， and sleep problems． Furthermore， in a 2018 study of 1，045 Americans aged 18-34， nearly 40% of participants admitted going into debt just to keep up with their friends" lifestyles， often through increased spending on food， travel， clothes， and electronics．
              So how can you overcome the fear？ Begin with gratitude． By reflecting on what you already have， you"re less likely to put valuable mental energy in worrying about what you don"t． Another alternative？
              Embrace（欣然接受） JOMO， or the joy of missing out． JOMO allows you to shift your focus to what you really want at any given moment， without feeling concerned about what those around you may be doing． So， turn off your phones and tablets， and engage in something you enjoy while resisting the urge to upload and share it． While this may take practice and perseverance（坚持不懈）， the results are well worth the effort．
              By embracing the joy of missing out， you make room for all the benefits that come from spending time with yourself and the inner wholeness you contain； you create space to keep up with the things you wish you had more time for - gardening， reading， resting， exercising， cooking， learning， or simply being； and you see yourself in new ways and unearth the talents， fears， joys and quirks that lie beneath the surface．
              Fear of missing out
              Introduction to FOMO FOMO is a common fear that others might be having rewarding experiences from which you are (1) ． For example， initially， you enjoy spending a Friday night alone in your own way． However， thinking of your friends" possible fun， you begin to have (2) about your original decision， which makes you (3) ．
              Causes of FOMO *People are not really happy and even feel (4) with their life．The use of social media may result in FOMO， especially when people make negative (5) between themselves and others．
              Consequences of
              FOMO              		 *It can contribute to people"s physical and mental (6)
              *It can cause people to (7) money to keep up with others" lifestyles．
              Approaches to overcoming FOMO *Be (8) for what you have now．
              *Embrace the joy of missing out， (9) on what you want without trying to seek attention．
              Benefits of embracing
              JOMO              		 *It allows you to have time alone to do whatever you enjoy doing．
              *It gives you a chance to (10) yourself better．
              难度：较易
              解析 收藏 试题篮
            • 3． Ants： master cooperators    Millions of ants live together in a colony， but they don't compete， get confused， or become disorganized． They behave in an amazing orderly manner at all times． Some scientists refer to ants as ‘super-organisms' because they live in such highly organized societies that work together to survive． The way ants live and work together has made them one of the most important creatures on the planet．
                  Ants， like bees， belong to a class of eusocial insects． Eusocial insects are broken into groups within their community， and each group has a special job to do depending on the needs of the community． There are three basic groups in an ant colony： queens， soldiers， and workers． Queens are the largest ants， and their only job is to reproduce-they lay all of the eggs that will eventually become soldiers and workers． Soldiers are responsible for protecting the colony and finding new places for nests． Worker ants have many jobs within the community， including caring for the eggs and young ants， hunting for food and maintaining the nest．
                  Some scientists are studying how ants can lead to a better understanding of labor issues， social class， and the use of nature resources in human communities． Ants have had millions of years of practice in working together to survive and grow． For a colony to function successfully， ants have to cooperate， from which people can learn a lot． Researchers hope that gathering information about how ants live together in communities can help people learn to cooperate and compromise with each other．
                  However， others argue that there are fundamental differences between ants and humans that mean human societies are unlikely ever to attain ant-like levels of collaboration． For example， ants in a colony don't compete with each other． When they are short of food in the colony， some worker ants automatically become ‘feeder' ants and feed others with the food in their stomach， regardless of their usual job． When the food supply is replenished， they become worker ants again．
                  In addition， ants are able to work together without a leader giving them directions． Despite their names， queen ants are not leaders． Instead， ants find out what they need to do from their sense of smell． Research on harvester ants pass each other， they pick up a chemical smell which tells them what the other ant is doing． The number of ants they pass doing a particular job determines what they need to do． It is a form of communication， but unlike human communication it has no content； it is just based on numbers．
                  While ants undoubtedly have a great deal to teach us about organization and the structure of networks， those searching for a greater understanding of human behaviour and morals may need to look somewhere．
              难度：较易
              解析 收藏 试题篮
            • 4． Every January for the past 20 years， I have taken a few moments to consider the answer to the big question， "What is the meaning of life？"． The reason I ask this question year after year is that my answer changes over time， which I find interesting and insightful． There is no objectively correct answer， I believe-only answers that are right for you at any given time． This question is so important-philosophically and practically in terms of how we live our lives- yet we are unable to really think about the answer．
                  Doing this simple exercise might even help you live longer． According to two separate studies -one with 9，000 participants around age 65 and another with 6，000 people between 20 and 75-those who could explain the meaning and purpose of their lives died later than those who saw their lives as aimless． It didn't seem to matter what meaning participants ascribed to their lives， whether it was personal （such as happiness）， or creative （such as making art）． It was having an answer to the question that mattered． The connection to longevity（长寿）could be causal-having purpose may help one manage daily stress， as other research has shown． But it could also be that those who think about life's meaning are more likely to do other activities that promote good health．
                  Great thinkers have given the question thought． Leo Tolstoy wrote， "The sole meaning of life is to serve humanity．" Albert Einstein said： "Only a life lived for others is a life worthwhile．" My favorite answer， though， is "The purpose of life is a life of purpose．"
                  Some have concluded that life's meaning is subjective． "There is not one standard meaning for all，" author Anaïs Nin once said． "There is only the meaning we each give to our life， an individual meaning， an individual plot， like an individual novel， a book for each person．" I agree， which is why I recommend formulating（构想）your own answer． Taking a few moments to record your response to the question "What is the meaning of life？" is the kind of simple exercise that effectively adds meaning to your life．
                  And then I suggest answering it every year． Looking back at how your thinking has evolved and been influenced by experience tells you something more about yourself． Then， it gets you closer to a deeper self-understanding．
                  If you do the annual "meaning" exercise， I suggest not looking at past answers before answering anew． I write them down on the same now-yellowing piece of paper and keep it someplace safe．
                  The last suggestion is to turn your answer into action． If you conclude， as Tolstoy and Einstein did， that the meaning of life is helping others， that should help motivate you to do more of it．
                  This is not a theoretical exercise． Whatever small step you take toward finding the meaning of life is a step toward a more meaningful， and longer life． Why not do this simple annual "meaning" exercise from now on？

              Knowing Your （1） ______ in Life Can Help You Live Longer
              Introduction Many of us （2） ______ to consider the answer to the question "What is the meaning of life？"， though it is important．
              （3） ______ of studies Those who know the meaning and purpose of life enjoy longevity． With
              purpose， they may （4） ______ with stress and get involved in
              activities （5） ______  good health．
              Answers to the question Some famous people think the meaning of life is （6） ______  others． I
              think a meaningful life is a life with purpose．
              Suggestions ★Add meaning to your life by recording the answers， which（7） ______  depending on individuals．
              ★Answer the question yearly， which helps you （8） ______ yourself better．
              ★Don't （9） ______ to the previous ones while forming a new
              answer．
              ★Turn your answer into action， doing what you think right and meaningful．
              Conclusion Your ever-changing answers may help you live longer and better． Every  small step you take toward finding the answers （10） ______ ．
              难度：较易
              解析 收藏 试题篮
            • 5．
              Paper-cutting is a Chinese folk art (1) a long history． It (2) back to the time of the Northern and Southern Dynasty． By the Southern Song Dynasty， paper-cutting had become an important part of everyday life．
              There are three (3) of paper cuts which people still make today． Paper cuts used for (4) are often seen on windows and gates． They are usually (5) up during holidays to bring good luck． They are also used on presents A present for parents whose child has (6) been born might show a paper cut of children， for example． Paper cuts which show the Chinese character for double (7) are often used to celebrate weddings．
              Paper cuts used for religious purposes are often found in temples． They are also used (8) offerings to the dead People to whom the dead person was (9) would make these offerings on special days and during festivals．
              The third kind of paper cuts are those used to make (10) on clothing．
              难度：较易
              解析 收藏 试题篮
            • 6． Do you have much difficulty learning English？ Are you sometimes losing interest in it？ Here I'll show you how to improve your English． Choose a few of the following to get started today!
                  •Ask yourself weekly： What do I want to learn this week？
                  Asking yourself this question every week will help you stop and think for a moment about what is most important to you． It is easy to focus only on the current unit， grammar exercise， etc． However， if you take a moment to stop to make a careful plan for each week， you will notice the progress you are making and， in turn， become more inspired by how quickly you are learning English! You will be surprised at how this feeling of success will motivate （激发） you to learn even more English．
                  •Quickly review important new information shortly before going to bed．
                  Research has shown that our brains process （加工） information that is fresh in our brains while we sleep． By shortly （this means very quickly - just a glance at what you are working on at the moment） going over some exercise， reading， etc． before you go to sleep． your brain will work away on this information while you sleep!
                  •While doing exercises and alone at home or in your room， speak English aloud．
                  Connect the muscles （肌肉） of your face to the information in your head． Just as understanding the basics of tennis does not make you a great tennis player， understanding grammar rules does not mean that you can automatically （自动的） speak English well． You need to practice the act of speaking often． Speaking by yourself at home and reading the exercises you are doing will help connect your brain to your facial muscles and improve pronunciation and make your knowledge active．
                  •Do five to ten minutes of listening at least four times a week．
                  In the past， I decided I needed to get fit and went jogging - usually three or four miles． Well， after not having done anything for many months， those three or four miles really hurt! Needless to say， I did not go jogging for another few months!
                  Learning to understand spoken English well is very similar． If you decide that you are going to work hard and listen for two hours， chances are that you will not do extra listening exercises any time soon． If， on the other hand， you start off slowly and listen on a regular basis （five to ten minutes at least four times a week）， it will be easier to develop the habit of listening to English．
                  •Look for situations in which you must speak， read， and listen to English．
                  This is probably the most important tip． You need to use English in a "real world" situation． Learning English in a classroom is important， but putting your English knowledge into practice in real situations will improve your fluency in speaking English． If you do not know of any "real life" situation， create new ones for yourself by using the Internet to listen to news， write English responses in forums， exchange emails in English with email pals， etc．

                                          （1） ______ on Learning English
              Making a weekly English learning （2） ______ •Have a clear goal of the whole week （3） ______ of focusing only on the current unit．
              •Asking yourself what you have learned helps to figure out how much you have （4） ______ your English．
              •Becoming inspired by what you have achieved leads you to more progress in learning English．
              Reviewing before going to bed •Have a glance at what you are working on before going to sleep．
              •Your brains process （5） ______ information while you an sleeping．
              Speaking English as
              （6） ______ as possible              		 •Practise speaking by yourself and reading the exercises you are doing．
              •Keep trying to connect the muscles of your face to the information in your head， as practice makes （7） ______
              Listening more often •It is （8） ______ that you will not do extra listening exercises any time soon if you listen for two hours once a week．
              •Start off slowly and listen （9） ______ ， e．g． five to ten minutes at least four times a week， then it'll be easier to develop the habit of listening to English．
              Practising English in real
              situations              		 •Try to use English in a "real world" situation．
              •Create real situations with the （10） ______ of the Internet to listen to news， write English responses， exchange emails， etc．
              难度：较易
              解析 收藏 试题篮
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