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1.
What Theresa Loe is doing proves that a large farm isn’t a
prerequisite
for a modern grow-your-own lifestyle.On a mere 1/10 ofan acre in Los Angeles,Loe andher family grow,can(装罐) and preserve much of the food they consume.
Loe is a master food preserver,gardener and canning expert.She also operates a website,where she share her tips and recipes,with the goal of demonstrating that everyone has the ability to control what’s on their plate.
Loe initially went to school to become an engineer,but she quickly learned thather enthusiasm was mainly about growing and preparing her own food.“I got into cooking my own food and started growing my own herbs(香草) and foods for that fresh flavor,”she said.Engineer by day,Loe learned cooking at night school.She ultimately purchased a small piece of land with her husband and began growing their own foods.
“I teach people how to live farm-fresh without a farm,”Loe said.Through her website Loe emphasizes that“anybody can do this anywhere.”Got an apartment with a balcony(阳台)?Plant some herbs.A window?Perfect spot for growing.Start with herbs,she recommends,because“they’re very forgiving.”Just a little of the herbs“can take your regular cooking to a whole new level,”she added.“I think it’s a great place to start.”Then?Try growing something from a seed,she said,like a tomato or some tea.
Canning is a natural extension of the planting she does.With every planted food,Loe noted,there’s a moment when it’s bursting with its absolute peak flavor.“I try and keep it in a time capsule in a canning jar.”Loe said.“Canning for me is about knowing what’s in your food,knowing where it comes from.”In addition to being more in touch with the food she’s eating,another joy comes from passing this knowledge and this desire for good food to her children:“Influencing them and telling them your opinion on not only being careful what we eat but understanding the bigger picture,”she said,“that if we don’t take care of the earth,no one will.”
55.The underlined word“prerequisite”(Para.1)is closest in meaning to“
”.
A.recipe
B.substitute
C.requirement
D.challenge
56.Why does Loe suggest starting with herbs?
A.They are used daily.
B.They are easy to grow.
C.They can grow very tall.
D.They can be eaten uncooked.
57.According to Loe,what is the benefit of canning her planted foods?
A.It can preserve their best flavor.
B.It can promote her online sales.
C.It can better her cooking skills.
D.It can improve their nutrition.
58.What is the“the bigger picture”(Para.6)that Loe wishes her children to understand?
A.The knowledge about good food.
B.The way to live a grow-our-own life.
C.The joy of getting in touch with foods.
D.The responsibility to protect our earth.
难度:中等
解析
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2.
Growing up in rural Malawi,Africa,William Kamkwamba learned to accept that life was hard.
He lived with his parents and seven sisters in a small clay house without electricity or running water.Like most boys in his village,William was expected to assist his parents on the family farm,as well as keep up with his school work.Each night,like most Malawians,his family went to bed early because the kerosene oil they needed to light the lamps was costly.
A terrible drought in 2000 left many Malawians hungry,and William’s family was no exception.
In 2003 at the age of 13,William and many other children were forced to drop out of school when their parents could no longer afford his schooling.William had to work even harder to help his family,but he wasn’t ready to give up his education.He went to the local library and took out some books to study.One book,called Using Energy,sparked William’s interest in science and gave him an idea that significantly changed his future.
In the book,William found a picture of a windmill (风车),and a brief description of how it could be used to generate electricity from wind.He knew that there was plenty of wind in his village,and realized that if he could build a windmill like that,he could give his family and the.people in his village a much better life.There was just one problem.The book didn’t explain how to build a windmill,and neither did any of the other books in the library.
What happened over the next year demonstrated William’s incredible ambition and determination.He began to collect any kinds of materials he thought could be useful-scraps of wood,broken bicycles,old shoes-and started to build a windmill next to his family’s house.He endured many challenges and failures.Other people in his village called him crazy and said his idea would never work.Finally,at the age of 14,William completed his first windmill.When they saw electric lights and heard the sound of music on the radio coming from William^house,the village people came running.He had done it.William Kamkwamba had found a way to capture the wind.
Kamkwamba’s autobiography (自传),The Boy Who Harnessed the Wind^tells the story of how the rest of the world came to know about his achievements.With the help of international supporters,his village now has clean running water,solar powered lighting,and electric power.As a result of his actions,Kamkwamba was invited to study engineering at Dartmouth College,one of the top-ranking universities in the U.S.He also travels the world and gives talks about how he made his dream a reality.
56.William went to the local library because
.
A.he wanted to find some materials for his invention
B.it was his favorite way to kill time and relax
C.he wanted to continue his education
D.it was believed to be a way to change his fate
57.Paragraph 3is mainly about
.
A.why the windmill is so attractive
B.how William got inspired by a hook
C.why William decided to continue his education
D.how a windmill works to produce electricity
58.The living conditions in William's village are much better now mainly because
A.William has helped build a power station
B.the villagers are greatly encouraged by William
C.William、autobiography is locally popular
D.it has received much outside help
59.William Kamkwamba can be best described as
.
A.ambitious and determined
B.honest and forgiving
C.brave and patient
D.reasonable and humorous
60.What is the message conveyed in the passage
?
A.We should strike while the iron is hot.
B.A good beginning makes a good end.
C.One who lives his dream can make a difference.
D.You’d better not put all the eggs in one basket.
难度:中等
解析
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3.
If humans were truly at home under the light of the moon and stars,we would go in darkness happily,the midnight world as visible to us as it is to the vast number of nocturnal(夜间活动的)species on this planet.Instead,we are diurnal creatures,with eyes adapted to living in the sun’s light.This is a basic evolutionary fact,even though most of us don’t think of ourselves as diurnal beings.Yet it’s the only way to explain what we’ve done to the night:We’ve engineered it to receive us by filling
it
with light.
The benefits of this kind of engineering come with consequences---called light pollution---whose effects scientists are only now beginning to study.Light pollution is largely the result of bad lighting design,which allows artificial light to shine outward and upward into sky.Ill-designed lighting washes out the darkness of night and completely changes the light levels---and light rhythms---to which many forms of life,including ourselves,have adapted.Wherever human light spills into the natural world,some aspect of life is affected.
In most cities the sky looks as though it has been emptied of stars,leaving behind a vacant haze(霾) that mirrors our fear of the dark.We’ve grown so used to this orange haze that the original glory of an unlit night---dark enough for the planet Venus to throw shadows on Earth---is wholly beyond our experience,beyond memory almost.
We’ve lit up the night as if it were an unoccupied country,when nothing could be further from the truth.Among mammals alone,the number of nocturnal species is astonishing.Light is a powerful biological force,and on many species it acts as a magnet(磁铁).The effect is so powerful that scientists speak of songbirds and seabirds being“captured”by searchlights on land or by the light from gas flares on marine oil platforms.Migrating at night,birds tend to collide with brightly lit tall buildings.
Frogs living near brightly lit highways suffer nocturnal light levels that are as much as a million times brighter than normal,throwing nearly every aspect of their behavior out of joint,including their nighttime breeding choruses.Humans are no less trapped by light pollution than the frogs.Like most other creatures,we do need darkness.Darkness is as essential to our biological welfare,to our internal clockwork,as light itself.
Living in a glare of our own making,we have cut ourselves off from our evolutionary and cultural heritage---the light of the stars and the rhythms of day and night.In a very real sense,light pollution causes us to lose sight of our true place in the universe,to forget the scale of our being,which is best measured against the dimensions of a deep night with the Milky Way---the edge of our galaxy---arching overhead.
50.According to the passage,human beings
.
A.prefer to live in the darkness
B.are used to living in the day light
C.were curious about the midnight world
D.had to stay at home with the light of the moon
51.What does“it”(Paragraph 1)most probably refer to?
A.The night B.The moon C.The sky D.The planet
52.The writer mentions birds and frogs to
.
A.provide examples of animal protection
B.show how light pollution affects animals
C.compare the living habits of other species
D.explain why the number of certain species has declined
53.It is implied in the last paragraph that
.
A.light pollution does harm to the eyesight of animals
B.light pollution has destroyed some of the world heritages
C.human beings cannot go to the outer space
D.human beings should reflect on their position in the universe.
.
54.What might be the best title for the passage?
A.The Magic Light B.The Orange Haze
C.The Disappearing Night D.The Rhythms of Nature.
难度:中等
解析
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4.
Look to many of history’s cultural symbols,and there you’ll find an ancestor of Frosty,the snowman in the movie Frozen.It appeared on some of the first postcards,starred in some of the earliest silent movies,and was the subject of a couple of the earliest photos,dating all the way back to the 1800s.I discovered even more about one of humanity’s earliest forms of life art during several years of research around the world.
For example,snowmen were a phenomenon in the Middle Ages,built with great skill and thought.At a time of limited means of expression,snow was like free art supplies dropped from the sky.It was a popular activity for couples to leisurely walk through town to view the temporary works of chilly art.Some were created by famous artists,including a 19-year-old Michelangelo,who in 1494was appointed by the ruler of Florence,Italy,to build a snowman in his mansion’s courtyard.
The Miracle of 1511 took place during six freezing works called the Winter of Death.The city of Brussels was covered in snowmen-an impressive scene that told stories on every street corner.Some were political in nature,criticizing the church and government.Some were a reflection of people’s imagination.For the people of Brussels,this was a defining moment of defining freedom.At least until spring arrived,by which time they were dealing with damaging floods.
If you fear the heyday of the snowman has passed,don’t worry:I’ve learned that some explosive snowman history is still being made today.Every year since 1818,the people of Zurich,Switzerland,celebrate the beginning of spring by blowing up a snowman.On the third Monday of April,the holiday Sechselauten is kicked off when a cotton snowman called the Boogg is stuffed with explosive and paraded through town by bakers and other tradesmen who throw bread to the crowds.The parade ends with the Boogg being placed on a 40-foot pile of firewood.After the bells of the Church of St.Peter have rung six times,representing the passing of winter,the pile is lit.When the snowman explodes,winter is considered officially over-the quicker it is burnt down,the longer summer is said to be.
66.According to the passage,why did snowmen become a phenomenon in the Middle Ages?
.
A.People thought of snow as holy art supplies.
B.People longed to see masterpieces of snow.
C.Building snowmen was a way for people to express themselves.
D.Building snowmen helped people develop their skill and thought.
67.“The heyday of the snowman”(paragraph 4)means the time when
.
A.snowmen were made mainly by artists
B.snowmen enjoyed great popularity
C.snowmen were politically criticized
D.snowmen caused damaging floods
68.In Zurich,the blowing up of the Boogg symbolizes
.
A.the start of the parade
B.the coming of a longer summer
C.the passing of the winter
D.the success of tradesmen
69.What can be concluded about snowmen from the passage?
A.They were appreciated in history
B.They have lost their value
C.They were related to movies
D.They vary in shape and size.
难度:中等
解析
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5.
Forget Cyclists,Pedestrians are Real Danger
We are having a debate about this topic.Here are some letters from our readers.
■Yes,many cyclists behave dangerously.Many drivers are disrespectful of cyclists.But pedestrians are probably the worse offenders.
People of all ages happily walk along the pavement with eyes and hands glued to the mobile phone,quite unaware of what is going on around them.They may even do the same thing while crossing a road at a pedestrian crossing or elsewhere.The rest of us have to evade (避让) them or just stand still to wait for the unavoidable collision.
The real problem is that some pedestrians seem to be,at least for the moment,in worlds of their own that are,to them,much more important than the welfare of others.
--Michael Horan
■I love the letter from Bob Brooks about cyclists (Viewpoints,May 29).I am afraid they seem to think they own the roads.
I was walking across Altrincham Road one morning when a cyclist went round me and on being asked what he was doing he shouted at me.
The government built a cycle lane on the road but it is hardly used.
The police do nothing.What a laugh they are!
The cyclists should all have to be made to use the cycle lanes and wear helmets,fluorescent (发荧光的) jacket and lights at night and in the morning they should pay some sort of tax and be fined for not wearing them.
--Carol Harvey
■Cyclists jump on and off pavements (which are meant for pedestrians),ride at speed along the pavements,and think they have a special right to go through traffic lights when they are on red.
I was almost knocked down recently by a cyclist riding on the pavement when there was a cycle lane right next to him.
Other road users,including horse riders,manage to obey the rules so why not cyclists?
It's about time they had to be registered and insured,so when they do hit a pedestrian or a vehicle,or cause an accident,at least they can be treated and there might be an opportunity to claim.
--JML
Write to Viewpoints of the newspaper.
56.Michael Horan wrote the letter mainly to show that
.
A.drivers should be polite to cyclists
B.road accidents can actually be avoided
C.sine pedestrians are a threat to road safety
D.walking while using phones hurts one's eyes
57.Carol Harvey suggests that cyclists should
.
A.be provided with enough roads
B.be asked to ride on their own lanes
C.be made to pay less tax for cycling
D.be fined for laughing at policemen
58.What is a complaint of JML?
A.Very few drivers are insured.
B.Cyclists ride fast on pavements.
C.Pedestrians go through red traffic lights.
D.Horse riders disrespect other road users.
59.The underlined word“they“in the third letter refers to
.
A.accidents B.vehicles C.pedestrians D.cyclists
60.The three letters present viewpoints on
.
A.real source of road danger
B.ways to improve road facilities
C.measures to punish road offences
D.increased awareness of road rules.
难度:中等
解析
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6.
Before I had my son,I spent two years working with children with disabilities.I learned that shouting and threats of punishment would result in a disaster.Coming up against their behaviour could only make the job harder and their behaviour more extreme.I found something that worked,though.
There was a very naughty boy in the nursery and a teacher who was generally very confident with the children was asked to take charge of him.One day the boy joined a session in the room next to mine.His appearance created an atmosphere of tension.He spent the entire session running around,hitting and kicking,and destroying property.
I was in the craft room working with some other children when my co-worker told me that this boy’s teacher was in tears,and could not get control of the situation.As we were talking,the boy ran in.I told my co-worker that I would take care of him.
I closed the door.He was full of energy,throwing things around and making a huge mess.But I could see that he was doing all these to annoy me.He needed connection,and this was the only way he knew how to ask for it.So I sat back down and kept quiet.Then he slowed down and began making a rocket.I talked to him about it.We continued like this for a few minutes before I slipped into the conversation:
“So what happened today?”
It was purely a question,no blame or anger in my tone.I believe that if I had criticized him,the gate that was slowly opening would have shut firmly closed.He told me that the teacher didn’t let him do what he knew well due to safety but asked him to do what he disliked.He also admitted that he had enjoyed making her run around and saw it as a game.I explained that his teacher had not seen it as a game and was very upset.This again was stated simply as a fact.I suggested that next time he had a session,he talk about what he hoped to do at the start,which might be easier for everyone.He agreed and was quiet for a moment.Then he looked at me with tears in his eyes before quietly asking if he could go to find his teacher to apologize.
51.The boy made trouble for his teacher because he
.
A.was accused of destroying property
B.was told not to yell at other children
C.was made to do things against his will
D.was blamed for creating an air of tension
52.Why didn’t the author do anything about the boy’s bad behavior at first
?
A.She didn’t want to make it worse.
B.She didn’t mind the huge mess at all.
C.She was tired of shouting and threats.
D.She hadn’t thought of a coping strategy.
53.The author managed to get the boy to talk to her by
.
A.playing games with him
B.giving him a good suggestion
C.describing his teacher’s feelings
D.avoiding making critical remarks
54.Why did the boy have tears in his eyes in the end
?
A.He was sorry about his reputation.
B.He was regretful about his behavior.
C.He was fearful of the author’s warning.
D.He was sad for the author’s misunderstanding.
难度:中等
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7.
The behaviour of a building’s users may be at least as important as its design when it comes to energy use,according to new research from the UK Energy Research Centre (UKERC).The UK promises to reduce its carbon emissions (排放)by 80percent by 2050,part of which will be achieved by all new homes being zero-carbon by 2016.But this report shows that sustainable building design on its own-though extremely important-is not enough to achieve such reductions:the behaviour of the people using the building has to change too.
The study suggests that the ways that people use and live in their homes have been largely ignored by existing efforts to improve energy efficiency (效率),
which
instead focus on architectural and technological developments.
‘Technology is going to assist but it is not going to do everything,’explains Katy Janda,a UKERC senior researcher,‘consumption patterns of building users can defeat the most careful design.’In other words,old habits die hard,even in the best-designed eco-home.
Another part of the problem is information.Households and bill-payers don’t have the knowledge they need to change their energy-use habits.Without specific information,it’s hard to estimate the costs and benefits of making different choices.Feedback (反馈) facilities,like smart meters and energy monitors,could help bridge this information gap by helping people see how changing their behaviour directly affects their energy use; some studies have shown that households can achieve up to 15percent energy savings using smart meters.
Social science research has added a further dimension (方面),suggesting that individuals’behaviour in the home can be personal and cannot be predicted 一 whether people throw open their windows rather than turn down the thermostat (恒温器),for example.
Janda argues that education is the key.She calls for a focused programme to teach people about buildings and their own behaviour in them.
66.As to energy use,the new research from UKERC stresses the importance of
.
A.zero-carbon homes
B.the behaviour of building users
C.sustainable building design
D.the reduction of carbon emissions
67.The underlined word“which”in Paragraph 2refers to”
.”
A.the ways
B.their homes
C.developments
D.existing efforts
68.What are Katy Janda’s words mainly about
?
A.The importance of changing building users,habits.
B.The necessity of making a careful building design.
C.The variety of consumption patterns of building users.
D.The role of technology in improving energy efficiency.
69.The information gap in energy use
.
A.can be bridged by feedback facilities
B.affects the study on energy monitors
C.brings about problems for smart meters
D.will be caused by building users’old habits
70.What does the dimension added by social science research suggest
?
A.The social science research is to be furthered.
B.The education programme is under discussion.
C.The behaviour of building users is unpredictable.
D.The behaviour preference of building users is similar.
难度:中等
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8.
Planning a visit to the UK?Here we help with ways to cut your costs.
AVOID BIG EVENTS
Big sporting events,concerts and exhibitions can increase the cost of accommodation and make it harder to find a room.A standard double room at the Thistle Brighton on the final Friday of the Brighton Comedy Festival (19 Oct.) cost£169.15 at Booking.com.A week later,the same room cost£118.15.
If you can be flexible and want to know dates to avoid-or you’re looking for a big event to pass your time-check out sites such as Whatsonwhen.com,which allow you to search for events in the UK by city,date and category.
STAYAWAY FROM THE STATION
If traveling to your destination by train,you may want to find a good base close to the station,but you could end up paying more for the sake of convenience at the start of your holiday.
Don’t be too choosy about the part of town you stay in.Booking two months in advance,the cheapest room at Travelodge’s Central Euston hotel in London for Saturday 22 September was£95.95.A room just a tube journey away at its Covent Garden hotel was£75.75.And at Farringdon,a double room cost just£62.95.
LOOK AFTER YOURSELF
Really central hotels in cities such as London,Edinburgh and Cardiff can cost a fortune,especially at weekends and during big events.As an alternative consider checking into a self-catering flat with its own kitchen.Often these flats are hidden away on the top floors of city centre buildings.A great example is the historic O’Neill Flat on Edinburgh’s Royal Mile,available for£420 for five days in late September,with room for four adults.
GET ON A BIKE
London’s‘Boris bikes’have attracted the most attention,but other cities also have similar programmes that let you rent a bicycle and explore at your own pace,saving you on public transport or car parking costs.
Among the smaller cities with their own programmes are Newcastle (casual members pay around£1.50 for two hours) and Cardiff (free for up to 30 minutes,or£5 per day).(358 words)
56.The Brighton Comedy Festival is mentioned mainly to show big events may
A.help travelers pass time
B.attract lots of travelers to the UK
C.allow travelers to make flexible plans
D.cause travelers to pay more for accommodation
57.“Farringdon”in Paragraph 5 is most probably
A.a hotel away from the train station
B.the tube line to Covent Garden
C.an ideal holiday destination
D.the name of a travel agency
58.The passage shows that the O’Neill Flat
A.lies on the ground floor
B.is located in central London
C.provides cooking facilities for tourists
D.costs over£100 on average per day in late September
59.Cardiff’s program allows a free bike for a maximum period of
A.half an hour B.one hour C.one hour and a half D.two hours
60.The main purpose of the passage is
A.to tell visitors how to book in advance
B.to supply visitors with hotel information
C.to show visitors the importance of self-help
D.to offer visitors some money-saving tips.
难度:中等
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9.
Astronauts on shorter shuttle missions(使命)often work very long days.Tasks are scheduled so tightly that break times are often used to finish the day’s work.This type of schedute is far too demanding for long missions on the Internaitional Space Sttation(ISS).ISS crewmembers usually live in space for at least a quarter of a year.They work five days on and two days off to mimic the normal way they do things on Earth as much as possible.Weekends give the crew valuable.Weekends give the crew valuable time to rest and do a few hours of housework.They can communicate with family and friends by email,isternet phone and throhgh
Private video conferenes.
While astronauts cannot go to a baseball game or a movie in orbit,there are many familiar activetics that they can stil enjoy.Before a mission.The family and friends of each ISS crewmember put together a collection of family photos,messages,videos and reading material for
The astromauts to look at when they will be floating 370kilometers above the Earth.During ther missiom,the crew also receives care packages with CDs,books,magazines,photos and letters.And as from early 2010,the internet became available on the ISS,giving astronaouts the chance to do some“web surfing (冲浪)”in their personal time.Besides relaxing with these more commom entertainments,astromauts can simply enjoy the experience of living in spaec.
Many astronauts say that one of the most relaxing things to do in space is to look out the window and stare at the universe and the Earth’s vast land mass and oceans.
60.What does the word“
minic
”in Paragraph 1probably mean?
A.Find
B.Copy
C.Change
D.Lose
61.Which of the following best describes the families of the astromauts on the ISS?
A.The are caring and thoughtful
B.The are impatient and annoyed
C.The are impatient and ammoyed.
D.The are excited and curious.
62.In the final paragraph,the author shows that astronauts
.
A.get more pleasure in space than on the Earth
B.find living in space a bit boring and tiring
C.regard space life as common
D.love to see the Earth from space
63.The passage mainly discusses how astronauts
.
A.work for longer missions in space
B.connect with people on the Earth
C.observe the Earth from space
D.spend their free time in space.
难度:中等
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10.
阅读下面短文,按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求,在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用口号中词语的正确形式填空,并将答案填写在答题卡标号为16~25的相应位置上.
Mary will ever forget the first time she saw him.He suddenly appeared in class one day,(16)
(wear) sun glasses.He walked in as if he (17)
(buy) the school,And the word quickly got around that he was from New Youk City.
For some reason he sat beside Mary.Mary felt (18)
(please ),because there were many empty seats in the room.But she quickly realized that it wasn’t her,it was probably the fact that she sat in (19)
last row.
(20)
he thought he cloud escape attentiong by sitting at the back,he was wrong.It might have made it a little (21)
(hard) for everybody because it meant they had to turn around,but that didn’t stop the kids in the class.Of course whenever they turnd to look at him,they had to look at Mary,(22)
made her feel liake a star.
“Do you need those glasses for medical reasons?”the teacher asked.The new boy shook his head.”Then I’d appreciate it if you didn’t wear them in class.I like to look at your eyes when I’m speaking to you.”The new boy looked at the teacher (23)
a few seconds and all the other students wondered (24)
the boy would do.Then he took (25)
off,gave a big smile and said“That is cool”
难度:中等
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