阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

  Smiling

Smile is a universal language, which is widely used throughout the world.         (1)     , the meaning of a smile in different cultures may be different. Depending on different cultures, smiling can express joy and    (2)   (amuse), but it can also indicate embarrassment. The following examples show this point of view:

In an attempt to be open and    (3)   (friend), people in the United States smile a lot. Every one smiles at each other and this nonverbal communication shows being polite in the United States. But in China, smiling is not only    (4)   expression of happiness, but also a way to avoid    (5)   (be) embarrassed. Chinese people like smiling when they are embarrassed in order to avoid embarrassment. Smiling is a kind of good will but not sneer (嘲笑). For example: When a child    (6)   (fall) off from a bike, the adults in China may smile,    (7)   is a kind of gentle encouragement and may not be a kind of impolite laugh.

Related    (8)  the smile is the laugh. Also, different cultures have different          (9)      (meaning) about laugh. Americans can enjoy a very heartfelt belly (腹部) laugh that comes from the deepest emotions while most Chinese may think       (10)     silly to laugh that way.

The most  (1)  (energy) and important festivals are the ones that look forward to the end of winter and to the coming of spring. At the Spring Festival in China, people eat dumplings, fish and meat and may give children lucky money  (2)  red paper. There are dragon dances and carnivals, and families celebrate the Lunar New Year together. Some Western countries have very exciting carnivals,  (3)  take place forty days before Easter,  (4)  (usual) in February. The carnivals might include parades, dancing in the streets day and night, loud music and colorful clothing of all kinds. Easter is an important religious and  (5)  (society) festival for Christians around the world. It celebrates the  (6)  (born) of Jesus from the dead and the coming of spring and new life. Japan’s Cherry Blossom Festival happens a little later. The country,   (7)  (cover) with cherry tree flowers, looks as though it is covered with pink snow.

People love to get together to eat, drink and have   (8)  with each other. Festivals let us  (9)  (enjoy) life, be proud of our customs   (10)  forget our work for a little while.

This afternoon a man   (1)   (dress) in rags came into the shop. We all stared at him   (2)   (doubtful) when he said he wanted a new coat. I took him downstairs and showed him a cheap coat which would cost him only   (3)   small amount of money. I thought he might be a bit upset about the price, but   (4)   the contrary, he did not seem to care about it at all. I didn’t mean to be rude but I have no   (5)   (patient) with customers who can’t decide. So I persuaded him to buy it. Then the most   (6)   (believable) thing happened to me – he handed me a million pound bank note. I did not know   (7)   it was genuine or not, so I   (8)   (seek) out my boss to ask his advice. He told me that I had indeed made a serious mistake by   (9)   (judge) this man by his clothes. My boss looked very angry and told me to find the best coat for the man immediately. I have never seen him so kind to anybody else like that before. As for   (10)   (I), I felt terrible for the rest of the day!

Last weekend I (1) ­­ (ride)in the bike lane alongside when suddenly a truck turned to the right,  (2)_   (hit)me and my bicycle. Even more upsetting was the fact (3) the driver didn’t stop afterward. Luckily, I was not injured and my bicycle was damaged, but still usable. Even days after I reported the event to the police, they failed to  (4) (proper) solve this situation or even return my calls. Eventually, I decided   (5)  (contact) University Student Legal Services for help about this matter. The small damage may not seem worth all   (6)_trouble, but what if I had been seriously  (7)_ (injure) ? Will anyone see punishment for breaking traffic laws and damaging my property? Unfortunately, my experience is common, and   (8)__ (accident) between bikes and cars occur far too often. Bicycles are held to the same standards as motor vehicles in most cases,  (9)_ means that cyclists must obey all the traffic rules. I urge both cyclists and motorists to become familiar (10)  their rights and duties when sharing the roads.

Wood-block printing first appeared in the early Tang period. During the Song dynasty, the technique of block printing was very advanced. Books were     (1)    (beautiful) printed. Even today the books     (2)    (print) at the time are valuable and treasured by libraries and book collectors.

However, block printing     (3)    (be) not very convenient. Every two pages of a book had to be carved on a wood block, and a big book would require many blocks. Besides, there had to be large places for storing the books.     (4)    (overcome) these shortcomings, Bi Sheng invented the movable type during the years between 1041 and 1048. One word was carved on one piece of clay,    (5)   was hardened with fire. Then clay characters were set on     (6)    iron plate according to the text of a book. Then ink was applied to them and     (7)    (sheet) of paper spread over them, and the printing was done. Bi Sheng’s invention made printing faster and easier     (8)    before. Later, movable type of metal and wood was made and widely used.

The technique of printing was gradually known to other Asian countries and Europe. The great influence printing had    (9)   the advance of civilization is too clear to need any     (10)    (explain).

  Last Monday, my father would be on   (1)   business trip for five days. Having gotten my promise of being great at home and taking care of my mother, he got in his car and left.     (2)  (see) my father’s driving away, my mother and I waved our hands and said goodbye to him. In a moment, I began to miss my father, wishing that he would be safe and well the next days. I thought everything would go well, as this was not the first time that my father   (3)  (be ) away for several days.   (4)   (fortunate), my mother caught a cold the next morning. Looking at her pale face, I experienced high levels of anxiety. However, I told myself  (5)   (calm) down and look after my mum,  (6)  I promised to my dad. The moment I got my mum to sleep, I put a cold towel on her forehead, found pills in the medicine box, and made some noodles for her. Luckily, she woke up and felt  (7)  (good) after taking the pills and the noodles. That her fever was gone relieved and satisfied me a lot. In the next four days, I took her temperature twice a day, ensuring that she was  (8)  （complete）well. To our delight, my dad went back home safely and healthily on Saturday. On hearing  (9)  I had done to my mum, he, as well as my mum, beamed at me and gave me a big thumb. Seeing bright  (10)   (smile) on their faces, I really felt overjoyed and thrilled.

The traditional Chinese lunar calendar divides the year  (1)  twenty four solar terms. Here we will focus on Major Snow, the 21st solar term of the year.

During Major Snow, the snow becomes heavy and begins to accumulate on the ground. The temperature   62 (drop) significantly. The snow inNorth Chinamay last a whole day, breaking tree branches and blocking the road. In the South, the snow flies and the world turns white. Wintersweet(腊梅) usually blossoms in mid-to-late December in some southern   (2)  (city) of China. Wintersweet originated in China and is   (3)  (high) appreciated in Chinese culture for its endurance in severe winters. With pine and bamboo, it   (4)  (refer) to as one of the Three Friends of Winter.

Lamb is the main food   (5)  (choose) by Chinese people during Major Snow. In China, there is a custom   (6)  (eat) red bean porridge on the first day of Winter Solstice and eight-treasure porridge on the  (7)  (eight) day of the last month of the lunar year.

The Chinese people during this period pay attention to the outbreak of respiratory (呼吸道的)illness,  (8)  can be prevented by wearing a warm scarf to protect the neck and drinking water in a right way. During Major Snow,  (9)   is drier and colder, so people should drink more water.

I’m a 34-year-old man, married, lived in a nice house, and have a successful career as an educational consultant. But my life was not always so great. I had a learning disability from  (1)  early age. I went to a special school where I got plenty of extra help. Still, I suffered the rest of my school  (2)  (day) in public schools.

My life improved remarkably when I discovered art. The art world gave me a chance to express myself  (3)  words. I went to a workshop and  (4)  (gradual) got good at making things with clay(黏土). Here I learned my first important lesson: disabled  (5)  I was in language, I could still be smart and well express  (6)  (I) with clay. And my confidence came along.

Later I decided to apply my previous experience to  (7)  (learn) how to read and write. Every day, I  (8)  (practice) reading and writing, which I used to avoid as much as possible. After two hard years, I was able to read and write.

  (9)  (go) through the long process with art, rock climbing, and reading and writing, now I’ve got to a point in my life where I know I am smart enough to dive into an area that is totally     (10)  (know), hard, but interesting.