1． One of the executives gathered at the Aspen Institute for a day-long leadership workshop using the works of Shakespeare was discussing the role of Brutus in the death of Julius Caesar．“Brutus was not an honorable man，”he said．“He was a traitor（叛徒）．And he murdered someone in cold blood．”The agreement was that Brutus had acted with cruelty when other options were available to him．He made a bad decision，they said-at least as it was presented by Shakespeare-to take the lead in murdering Julius Caesar．And though one of the executives acknowledged that Brutus had the good of the republic in mind，Caesar was nevertheless his superior．“You have to endeavor，”the executives said，“our policy is to obey the chain of command．”
During the last few years，business executives and book writers looking for a new way to advise corporate America have been exploiting Shakespeare’s wisdom for profitable ends．None more so than husband and wife team Kenneth and Carol Adelman，well-known advisers to the White House，who started up a training company called“Movers and Shakespeares”．They are amateur Shakespeare scholars and Shakespeare lovers，and they have combined their passion and their high level contacts into a management training business．They conduct between 30and 40workshops annually，focusing on half a dozen different plays，mostly for corporations，but also for government agencies．
The workshops all take the same form，focusing on a single play as a kind of case study，and using individual scenes as specific lessons．In Julius Caesar，sly provocation（狡诈的挑唆） of Brutus to take up arms against the what was a basis for a discussion of methods of team building and grass roots organism．
Although neither of the Adelmans is academically trained in literature，the programmes，contain plenty of Shakespeare tradition and background．Their workshop on Henry V，for example，includes a helpful explanation of Henry’s winning strategy at the Battle of Agincourt．But they do come to the text with a few biases （偏向）：their reading of Henry V minimizes his misuse of power．Instead，they emphasize the story of the youth who seizes opportunity and becomes a masterful leader．And at the workshop on Caesar，Mr．Adelmans had little good to say about Brutus，saying“the noblest Roman of them all”couldn’t make his mind up about things．
Many of the participants pointed to very specific elements in the play that they felt related Caesar’s pride，which led to his murder，and Brutus’s mistakes in leading the  after the murder，they said，raise vital questions for anyone serving as a business when and how do you resist the boss？

73．According to paragraph 1，what did all the executives think of Brutus？    ．
A．Cruel．
B．Superior．
C．Honourable．
D．Rude
74．According to the passage，the Adelmans set up“Movers and Shakespeares”to    ．
A．help executives to understand Shakespeare’s plays better
B．give advice on leadership by analyzing Shakespeare’s plays
C．provide case studies of Shakespeare’s plays in literature workshops
D．guide government agencies to follow the characters in Shakespeare’s plays．
75．Why do the Adelmans conduct a workshop on Henry V？    
A．To highlight the importance of catching opportunities．
B．To encourage masterful leaders to plan strategies to win．
C．To illustrate the harm of prejudices in management．
D．To warn executives against power misuse．
76．It can be inferred from the passage that    ．
A．the Adelmans’programme proves biased as the roles of characters are maximized．
B．executives feel bored with too many specific elements of Shakespeare’s plays．
C．the Adelmans will make more profits if they are professional scholars．
D．Shakespeare has played an important role in the management field．
77．The best title for the passage is    ．
A．Shakespeare’s plays：Executives reconsider corporate culture
B．Shakespeare’s plays：An essential key to business success
C．Shakespeare’s plays：a lesson for business motivation
D．Shakespeare’s plays：Dramatic training brings dramatic results．

2． 阅读理解。
     Since his first appearance in 1989,Mr Bean has achieved a massive following around the world-he's now
recognised as the most popular British comedy export since Benny Hill-with some people even thinking of
him as a sex symbol. 
                                                              
     His visual humour and elaborate sight gags transcend linguistic frontiers, and have earned comparisons
with the great silent movie star Buster Keaton-although apparently his character was based on the work of
French comic genius JacquesTati. And now he's making a movie: accompanied by his beloved Teddy he's
off to L.A.to cause a whole feature film's worth of mayhem in "Bean: The Ultimate Disaster Movie".
     It's a funny thing when you think about it. Whenever someone sees the British actor Rowan Atkinson
in a movie, they would immediately say, "Oh look, it's Mr Bean!"There is really no doubt that Rowan Atkinson
is most known for playing Mr Bean, that dumb but likeable character. And that Mr Bean, has starred in a
series of short films, that many have enjoyed very much. 
                                                                  
     Mr Bean is a man, who is most known for his stupidity. He is always wearing a brown jacket, white shirt,
red tie and dark brown trousers. He also carries an adorable little teddy bear who he calls "Teddy". He also
has a penchant (倾向) for driving around in yellow Mini Coopers, and has a huge dislike for blue three-wheeled
cars. He also has a sort of girlfriend called Irma Gobb, although it is not the most steady of relationships.
     What this man does is pretty much what every single human being does, but he does this with the most
bizarre (奇异的) and stupid ways possible. For instance, when he's going to the beach, when he is putting
on his swimmers, he does it without taking off his trousers. Another example is when he is late for a dentist
appointment, he gets dressed while driving in the car. And while he does this, he remains silent. But when he
does talk, which isn't often, it's usually with a very deep and croaky (哇哇叫的) voice, and speaks gibberish
(快速而不清楚的言语) as well.
     This is what makes Mr Bean so likeable to watch. The humor in this show is absolutely brilliant. There
are so many memorable moments in this show, such as getting rid of a revolting (令人厌恶的) meal in a
restaurant by hiding it in many things, and role-playing the various roles of Joseph, Mary and Jesus at
Christmas. It's a real shame that there weren't a lot of episodes. There should have been more!
     But overall, whether you think of Mr Bean as a comedy genius or just a stupid idiot, there's no doubt that
he has done a lot for comedy, and is one of the most recognizable characters in television.
【个性思考】 What do you think of Mr Bean?
     In my view __________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________

3． 阅读理解。
    Can you understand the beginning of this essay? "My smmr hols wr CWOT. B4, we used 2go2 NY 2C
my bro, his GF & 3 kds FTF."
    The Scottish teacher who received it in class had no idea what the girl who wrote it meant. The essay
was written in a form of English used in cell phones text messages (文本短信). Text messages (also called
SMS) through cell phones became very popular in the late 1990s. At first, mobile phone companies thought
that text messaging would be a good way to send messages to customers, but customers quickly began to
use the text messaging service to send messages to each other. Teenagers in particular enjoyed using text
messaging, and they began to create a new language for messages called "texting".
    A text message is limited to 160 characters, including letters, spaces, and numbers, so messages must be
kept short. In addition, typing on the small keypad of a cell phone is difficult, so it's common to make words
shorter. In texting, a single letter or number can represent a word, like "r" for "are," "u" for "you," and "2" for
"to." Several letters can also represent a phrase, like "lol" for "laughing out loud." Another characteristic of
texting is the leaving out of letters in a word, like spelling "please" as "pls."
    Some parents and teachers worry that texting will make children bad spellers and bad writers. The student
who wrote the essay at the top of this page said writing that way was more comfortable for her. (The essay
said,"My summer holidays were a complete waste of time. Before, we used to go to New York to see my
brother, his girlfriend, and their three kids face to face.")
    Not everyone agrees that texting is a bad thing. Some experts say languages always develop, and this is just
another way in which English is changing. Other people believe texting will disappear soon. New technology
for voice messages may soon make text messages a thing of the past.
1. This kind of texting is particularly popular in _____.

A. mobile phone companies
B. parents
C. customers
D. teenagers
2. Which characteristic of texting is NOT described in the passage?
A. Using letters to represents words.
B. Using phrases to represent essay.
C. Using letters to represent phrases.
D. Using numbers to represent words.
3. Which of the following was most probably the title of students' essay?

A. My Smmr Hols
B. CU in LA
C. My GF
D. My G8 Tchr
4. Why aren't some people worried about the effect of texting?

A. Not many people use texting.
B. Spelling in English is too difficult.
C. Teenagers quickly become bored with texting.
D. Texting will disappear because of new technology.
5. Which of the following will probably be the title of the passage?

A. Texting, a way to make words shorter
B. How does texting come into being
C. Texting and different attitudes towards it
D. Main characteristics of texting

4． 阅读理解。
   Harvard University is on the both sides of the Charles River. The oldest institution
of higher learning in the United States was founded in 1636. In 1638 it was named for John
Harvard, its first founder. During the 1640s the college was enlarged although it was short
of money. Meant to be an institution for the education of Puritan ministers (清教牧师),
it grew to be an institution of general education (普通教育), and new and more subjects and
policies (政策) were introduced. In the 18th century, particularly under John Leverett
(1708-24) the number of the students and campus equipment increased while the religious (宗
教的) color decreased. In its early years, the college was largely supported by the English
colony and the New England community as a whole, but support soon came in the form of gifts,
and in 1823 the state money was received for the last time. Under Charles W. Eliot, the
college became a great modern university. Its basic courses improved and enlarged, the
graduate school was set up for those who finished their four-year undergraduate study, and
the law and medical schools were reorganized. Eliot is also famous for his introduction
of the elective system at Harvard. Besides Harvard College, the university includes schools
of divinity (1816), law (1817), arts and science (1872), education (1920), engineering (1935),
reorganization of Lawrence Science School of l847, public administration (1935). Harvard also
has schools of business administration (1908), medical (1782), public health (1922), and dental
health (1941). Radckiffe college for women is connected with Harvard; its students are
taught by Harvard professors and receive diplomas given by Harvard. The university 1ibrary,
among the nation's finest, houses over 8 million volumes and the Fog Museum of Art is one
of the finest university museums in the world. Harvard is closely connected with a large
number of research institutions as well.
1. Harvard University _____.

A. has a history of more than 450 years
B. was enlarged in the middle of the 17th century
C. was first meant to be an institution for general education since its foundation
D. was founded by John Leverett
2. 0ne of John Leverett's greatest contributions to Harvard University is most probably
   that _____.

A. he set up Harvard University
B. he freed Harvard University from the support of the state
C. he made Harvard a Puritan university
D. he helped develop general education in Harvard University
3. Which of the following statements might NOT be true about Charles W. Eliot?

A. Under his leadership, Harvard University became a modern university.
B. He introduced the elective system at Harvard University.
C. He improved and enlarged Harvard University, making it a modern university.
D. He tried hard to reduce the religious color of Harvard University.
4. Based on the passage, between 1816 and 1941 Harvard _____.

A. had at least 10 more schools added up to it
B. founded Lawrence Science school
C. went through a period of slow progress
D. reorganized Harvard College
5. Which of the following statements is true about Harvard University according to the
    passage?

A. Harvard is a large and modern university with a long history.
B. Harvard has the world's finest library with its 8 million of books.
C. Harvard University has the nation's best art museum.
D. Radcliffe College for men is one of the schools of Harvard University.

5． 完形填空。
     A library is a place to find out about anything. In it there are mostly books, but there are also pictures,
papers, maps, magazines and records. Special science and art shows, story hours, films, plays and contests
may also be   1   in a library.
     Long ago a library had only books, and other things were   2   to get. There were so   3   books that no
one was   4   to take them out of the library. After the printing machine was   5  , books could be made faster
and librarians got more books.
     To borrow a book to   6   home today, a person just   7   a library card. The person goes to the main desk
to have a librarian check the book out. The librarian prints the card with the   8   by which the book must be
returned. If the book is returned   9  , the person must usually pay money for having broken the  10 .
     Books in a library are put in a certain  11  to help people to find  12  they want. In some libraries, all books
about animals might be placed together. In  13  libraries, all books  14  by the same person may be placed
together. Cabinets of cards list each book and tell where it can be found.
     People who live in the country may have trouble going to a city library. For these people there are librarians
on wheels that  15  from place to place.
(     )1. A. asked  
(     )2. A. ready  
(     )3. A. great  
(     )4. A. moved 
(     )5. A. invented 
(     )6. A. arrive  
(     )7. A. needs 
(     )8. A. class  
(     )9. A. earlier 
(     )10. A. magazine 
(     )11. A. desk   
(     )12. A. out   
(     )13. A. all   
(     )14. A. written 
(     )15. A. walk   B. heard    
B. nice    
B. little   
B. borrowed    
B. found   
B. take    
B. gives   
B. date    
B. soon    
B. rule    
B. place   
B. that    
B. that    
B. brought    
B. run     C. seen    
C. difficult 
C. interesting
C. allowed  
C. discovered     
C. return   
C. sees    
C. page    
C. in time  
C. window   
C. order  
C. which  
C. these   
C. bought   
C. travel   D. held      
D. easy      
D. few       
D. refused   
D. operated                  
D. get       
D. meets     
D. address   
D. late      
D. book      
D. shelf     
D. what      
D. other     
D. kept      
D. jumps     

6． 完形填空。
     During a recent vacation I visited Dusseldorf, a city in the dormer West Germany. The nine-day trip left
a deep impression on me. I arrived at Dusseldorf airport at six. It was already dark outside. The first thing I
needed to do was to find a place to   1  . I decided to telephone the youth hotel. But to use the   2   I needed
some coins. I asked a lady for help. To my   3  , she   4   me five coins to use! But all the phones in the   5   
needed phone cards. And phone cards could only be   6   at post office during the daytime. I was afraid I
wouldn't be able to call the   7  . An old gentleman helped me. He couldn't speak English but   8   that I needed
to make a phone call. He showed me where the   9   was and inserted (插入) his phone card. I called the youth
hotel and found a place to stay that night. The kindness of the German people made me feel  10  and it seemed
that I was not far from  11 . And my first day in Germany wasn't as  12  as I expected previously.
     Whenever I went, I asked people for  13 . What surprised me most was that almost every young German
could tell me the way in  14  English. Older Germans couldn't speak English so well,  15 , they would try to
help me whenever they could. One middle-aged man I asked for directions even  16  me to the place I was
looking for. My experience in Germany completely changed my  17  of Germans. Before, I thought they were
unfriendly to foreigners. In the World War II in the 1940s, Germans were always  18 . But things have  19 
 since then. And Germans today couldn't be more  20 , in my opinion.
(     )1.A.study
(     )2.A.hotel
(     )3.A.surprise
(     )4.A.covered
(     )5.A.college
(     )6.A.bought
(     )7.A.police
(     )8.A.explained
(     )9.A.phone
(     )10.A.amased
(     )11.A.Germany
(     )12.A.brilliant
(     )13.A.directions
(     )14.A.immediate
(     )15.A.as a result
(     )16.A.waved
(     )17.A.enthusiam
(     )18.A.amusing
(     )19.A.completed
(     )20.A.good-looking B.stay
B.taxi
B.disappointment  
B.shared
B.airport
B.found
B.website
B.admitted
B.coins
B.shy
B.home
B.interesting
B.instructions
B.fluent
B.however
B.moved
B.behaviour
B.serious
B.changed
B.energetic C.work
C.phone
C.joy
C.organised
C.activities
C.used
C.hotel
C.appreciated     
C.card
C.nervous
C.the hotel
C.terrible
C.discipline
C.incorrect
C.so that
C.drove
C.impression
C.impatient
C.improved
C.stupid D.visit
D.money
D.delight
D.gave
D.vacasion
D.kept
D.headmaster
D.understood
D.post-office
D.relaxed
D.province
D.formal
D.topics
D.scientific
D.in other words        
D.followed
D.interest
D.cruel
D.avoided
D.friendly

7． 阅读理解。
     The peoples of the Scandinavian countries share a lot in common for geographical reasons. But there
are more of differenoes than similarities between them in all ways, including their drinking customs.
     A superficial (表面上的) observer might think that no one in Ndrway drinks wine. Meals eaten in
restaurants or at home are usually washed down with tea, coffee or milk. Occasionally however, pale or
dark ale (麦芽酒) is drunk. It can be ordered only in restaurants, where it is served only with food.
     Excellent quality beers are made in Jutland and the price is high. After beer, brandy is the favorite
drink. Aalborg schnapps made from corn and potatoes, is famous for its high alcoholic content. For the
Danes, brandy is also an aperitif (开胃酒) and is often drunk before meals. For a foreigner, the practice
of surrounding toasts here can be uncomfortable. If he accepts one toast then he will have to accept all
others, and it is difficult to drink six or seven glasses of brandy unless one is used to it. IAdies are
fortunately excluded from these rounds and they drink only a grape juice with almost no alcoholic content.
     It is milk instead of liquor that is the principal (最重要的; 主要的) Finnish table drink. More milk is
drunk by the Finnish people than in any other nation. In Finland the sale of alcohol is a state behavior and
a check is kept on consumption by recording purchases on special card issued to all customers.
     As there is a difference between Swedish cooking in the south and that in the north because of the
difference in soil and climate, their drinking habits are also different. In the north alcoholic beverages (烈
酒) are considered a necessity because they keep out the cold. While in the south people have milder drinks.
But generally speaking, too much drinking is rare in Sweden, partly because it is against the law.
     Sale of spirits is controlled, the Swedes drink much coffee and tea. Many people still prefer the old-
fashioned coffee served in large cups with cakes. Tea is so popular in Sweden that it has been called the
Swedish national drink.
1. According to the passage, which of the following is the Swedish national drink?
A. Tea.
B. Brandy.
C. Aperitif.
D. Grape juice.
2. Which of the following people like milk more than other drinks?
A. The German people.
B. The American people.
C. The Finish people.
D. The French people.
3. It can be inferred that if a foreigner isn't good at drinking brandy, he _____.
A. would like to invite ladies to have a party
B. is unwilling to have a surrounding toast
C. would like to accept others' toasts
D. will often drink milk instead of brandy

8． Reading comprehension.
     According to legend, the Bridge of Sighs in Venice, Italy, which connects the Palazzo Ducale to an
ancient prison, got its name because the walk across it gave prisoners on their way to jail a final chance
to appreciate the beauty of the city.
     The view from the bridge today, however, is more likely to be of a giant billboard selling Bulgari or
Coca-cola. Beyond the billboards, monuments are being restored. The money comes from advertising
profits.
     But when the Coke billboards went up this summer on buildings near the Piazza San Marco, which is
at the historic heart of Venice, there was a public debate.
     "We can't commercialize everything," said Alessandra Mottola Molfino, a Venetian. "The lesson that
goes out is that a price is for everything."
     "We couldn't stay quiet," said Maria Camilla Bianchini d'Alberigo, president of a heritage protection
association. "Too much is too much."
     There needed to be rules, she added, rules that prevent the advertising billboards clashing (冲突) with
the monuments of the city.
     City of officials, however, argue that without these ads, the city could not afford to maintain its heritage.
Many have been damaged by centuries of wear and are even a threat to public safety.
     "I can't turn down the image of bottle when there are pieces of the Palazzo Ducale falling to the ground,"
said Renata Codello, a Culture Ministry official.
     The Culture Minister has a budget of about $ 47 million (315 million yuan) for restoration of monuments,
but Italy has a rich architectural heritage, and funds are always tight．Of that amount, $ 1.8 million was given
to the entire Vector region, which includes Venice. 
     Two years ago, the city signed an agreement with the Dotter Group, a company responsible for the
restoration of the Bridge of Sighs and the Palazzo Ducale．It allows it to sell ad space. 
     But there is a condition in the agreement: The ads should not offend public taste.
     In August, Venice banned US actress Julianne Moore's Bulgrari ad from a billboard in the Piazza San
Marco.
     The photo shows a naked Moore covered with lion cubs, handbags and jewelry, Mayor Giorgio Orsoni
called the image too racy (猥亵) and unsuitable for the Piazza San Marco. 
     "I take account of the fact that Venice is part of the real world…but we cannot accept these Hollywood-
style images. There arc intelligent sponsors, and we need to come up with advertising that suits Venice, not
Times Square," he said in a speech.  
1. The article is mainly about _____ in Venice.

A. restoration of cultural heritage
B. widespread commercialization
C. the conflict between ads and cultural heritage
D. the difficulty of restoring monuments
2. In the first paragraph, the beautiful view from the Bridge of Sighs is mentioned to _____.

A. introduce other monuments of the ancient city
B. show how much many ancient structures need restoring
C. indicate that the view is blocked by huge ads
D. create interest in the famous city
3. From the article we can conclude that Rcnata Codello _____ the advertising.

A. is in favor of
B. is worried about
C. objects to
D. doesn't mind
4. Why do many Venetians complain about the ads?

A. They are intolerant of commercialization.
B. They feel the ads are damaging the city.
C. The ads are usually racy and in an American style.
D. The ads don't present a traditional view of Venice.
5. It can be inferred from the passage that _____.

A. Hollywood stars' ads cannot go up in Venice
B. the mayor of Venice is expecting new advertising
C. the Dotter Group may stop its restoration work for lack of funds
D. people can buy Bulgaria or Coca-cola on the Bridge of Sighs

9． 阅读理解。
      In front of a popular restaurant, a line of customers wait for taxis. And wait. Most of the cabs (taxis)
are full. That's nothing unusual in this city of 4 million people. But it's 2:30 in the morning.
       Visitors to the Olympic Games may leave disappointed if they see Athens only through the eyes of the
typical tourist, who makes a beeline of the islands after the visit to the Acropolis (雅典卫城) and the unusual
and attractive Plaka district. To fully appreciate and discover Athens' many charms (魅力), do as the Greeks
do: walk out into the neighborhoods, find the packed nightclubs, eat at one of the innumerable (数不清的)
restaurants, or see Hollywood stars under real stars in a romantic outdoor cinema. 
      The Greek capital is named for the ancient goddess Athena, whose favourite animal was the owl (猫头鹰).
It's a fitting symbol for the city's nocturnal (夜里的) nature, which often reaches its highest point in summer
with a rush hour just before dawn.
       As native Athenian Panos Demestiha said, Athens by day is unlivable (不宜居住的), but it's magical at
night. Athenians face up to heavy traffic block, decreasing green space, dusty streets…City officials are using
the momentum (契机) of the August 13-29 Olympics to fix some of these problems and make city life more
bearable.
1. To the surprise of the visitors to Athens, _____.

A．most of the cabs are often full all day long
B. the cabs are often empty
C. the cabs are almost full even at 2:30 am
D. there is no cab in the street at 2:30 am.
2. The name of Athens came from _____.

A. a goddess
B. a famous athlete
C. a kind of animal
D. a kind of plant
3. The typical visitors will often visit the following places EXCEP _____.

A. the neighborhood
B. the Plaka district
C. the Acropolis
D. famous islands
4. The underlined word"bearable" in the last paragraph can be replaced by "_____".

A. astonishing
B. forgettable
C. exciting
D. comfortable

10． 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
       1._______ However, the real movie capital is Mumbai, in India. Mumbai used to be known as Bombay,
and so the film industry there is called "Bollywood". Bollywood makes twice as many movies each year as
Hollywood-more than 800 films a year. 
      2. _______ For one thing. Bollywood movies are much longer than most Hollywood movies. Most
Bollywood movies are more than three hours long, and contain singing, dancing, action, adventure, mystery,
and romance. Because Bollywood films contain so many different features, this style of film is sometimes
called a "masala" film.("Masala" is an Indian word for a mixture of spices.) 
      3. _______ It takes much longer to make a movie in Hollywood than in Bollywood. In fact, filming may
begin on a Bollywood movie before the script (剧本) is even finished. The director and writer can make up
the story while the film is being made. 4. _______ 
      Bollywood actors are very popular and some are in such high demand that they may work on several
movies at the same time. 5. _______ Since most Bollywood movies follow the same kind of story, shooting
scenes for several films at the same time is not a big problem for actors or directors. This also helps keep
the cost of Bollywood movies lower than the cost of Hollywood movies. The average Bollywood film, with
a budget (预算) of only two million U. S. dollars, seems very cheap compared to the average budget of sixty
million U.S. dollars for a Hollywood film - thirty times as much!
A. Another big difference between Bollywood and Hollywood movies is the way the movies are made.
B. Bollywood produces more movies than Hollywood.
C. Most people think that the capital of the movie world is Hollywood, in the United States.
D. They may even shoot scenes for several films on the same day using the same, clothes and scenery.
E. Only Indian people can understand Bollywood movies.
F. Sometimes they will even write the script by hand instead of taking time to type it.
G. The movies from Bollywood are very different from Hollywood movies.