In much of Asia, especially the so-called “rice bowl” cultures of China, Japan, Korea,   (1)    Vietnam, food is usually eaten with chopsticks.

      Chopsticks are usually two long, thin pieces of wood or bamboo. They can also be made of plastic, animal bone or metal. Sometimes chopsticks are quite artistic. Truly elegant chopsticks might   (2)   (make) of gold and silver with Chinese characters. Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods and metal   (3)   (create) special designs.

       The Chinese have used chopsticks for five thousand years. People probably cooked their food in large pots,   (4)   (use) twigs (树枝) to remove it. Over time,   (5)   the population grew, people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly. Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which   (6)   (gradual) turned into chopsticks.

        Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius,   (7)   lived from roughly 551 to 479 B.C., influenced the   (8)   (develop) of chopsticks. Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and   (9)   (be) too violent for use at the table.

Chopsticks are not used everywhere in Asia. In India, for example, most people traditionally eat   (10)   their hands.

It is reported that more than 630,000 South Korean students took the university  61    (enter) examination on Nov.12 this year. Many people consider success on this test the first step toward   62    good life. South Korean students say they feel stressed from the pressure.

 South Korean high school students spend years on their study for the examination. The test is multiple choice, meaning that the students may choose several possible answers    63      a question.

A government study has found that South Korean children are    64    (little) happy compared to children in developed countries. Many South Koreans owe this     65    (happy) to the educational pressure.

South Korean President Park Geun-hye     66     (promise) to reform her country’s educational system twice by now. She urges the system to increase     67     (create) thinking and reduce student pressure.

Still,    68    (get) South Korean parents to reduce pressure on their children might not be so easy. A mother says she is     69     (will) to put so much pressure on her son. However the fierce competition makes it impossible for parents not to do so.For now,    70    the parents can expect is that the pressure brings good results.

Hiding behind the loose dusty curtain, a teenager packed up his overcoat into the suitcase. He planned to leave home at dusk  (1)  there was thunder and lightning outdoors. He had got to do this  (2)   he was tired of his parents’ nagging about his English study and did not want to go through   (3)   any longer. He couldn’t get along well with English and   (4)   (dislike) joining in English classes because he thought his teacher ignored him on purpose. As a result, his score in each exam never added up   (5)  over 60.

His partner was concerned about him very much. She understood exactly   (6)   he was suffering from, but entirely disagreed with his idea. In order to calm him  (7)  and settle  (8)  (he) problem, she talked with him face to face and swapped a series of learning tips with him. The items she set down helped him find the highway to  (9)  (study) English well.

The teenager was grateful and got great power from his friend’s words. Now, he has recovered from being upset and has  (10)  fall) in love with English.

  Gandhi, an Indian national hero, was honored (61) ____ the father of the Indian nation. He has been respected and beloved by the Indians. He was born in India in 1869. Following the local custom, he got (62) ____（marry）at the age of 13. In 1888 he sailed to England,

(63) _____ he studied law for three years and became a lawyer. On his return to India, he was sent to South Africa to work on a law case. In South Africa he was (64) _____ （surprise）to find that the problem of racial discrimination （种族歧视）was serious. There he formed an organization and started a magazine to fight (65) ______equal rights. Gandhi returned to India in 1915, (66) ______ India was controlled by the British. He led the Indians to fight for an end to the British rule and  independence for his country. In the political movement many Indians (67) _________(include) Gandhi were put in prison. (68) _______, the struggles never stopped. The British government had to give (69) ______and India won its independence in 1947. (70) ______（fortunate）Gandhi was shot by an Indian who opposed his views and died on January 30th, 1948.

My friend Herbert has always been fat, but things got so bad recently   (61)   he decided to go   (62)   a diet. He began his diet a week ago. First of all, he wrote out a long list of all the foods that were forbidden. The list included most of the things Herbert loves: butter, potatoes, beer, milk, chocolate and sweets. Yesterday I paid him   (63)   visit. I rang the bell and was not surprised to see that Herbert was still as fat   (64)   ever. He   (65)  (lead) me into his room and   (66)  (hurry) hid a large parcel under his desk.   (67)   was obvious that he was very embarrassed. When   (68)  (ask) what he was doing, he smiled guiltily and then put the parcel on the desk. His   (69)  (explain) was that his diet was so strict that he had to reward   (70)   occasionally. Then he showed me the contents of the parcel. It contained five large bars of chocolate and three bags of sweets!

When you are in England you must be very careful in the streets __41__ the traffic goes on the left. Before you cross a street you must look to the right first __42__ then the left. In the morning and in the evening when people go to or come from __43__, the streets are very busy. Traffic is most _____44____ (danger) then.
    When you go by bus in England, you have to be careful, __45__. Always remember the traffic___46___ (move) on the left. So you must be careful. ___47__(have) a look first, or you will go the wrong way.
    In many English cities, there are big buses __48__ two floors. You can sit on the __49__ (two) floor. From __50___ you can see the city very well. It’s very interesting.

Every year, approximately 1,6 million tons of soil flows into Yellow River, China’s second  41   (long) river.The soil contains materials to keep the natural balance of the area.Over time, a lot of soil  42   (remove),which has caused serious erosion of the land   43   the River.In some areas in Shanxi Province, this has destroyed almost all the land, and has forced many local farmers  44  (move) to other areas.

45  is a huge job to control Yellow River erosion.Many people believe this kind of work is best done by government or international 46   (organize).You may agree with this point of view.If 47  , it is time for you to think again.

In fact, it is you   48   have the most important role to play in stopping Yellow River erosion.Did you know the importance of your 5 yuan? For a start, it can buy you a tree,   49   will help make soil stay on the land.On land with rich soil, local farmers can grow crops to make  50    living, with the money they earn from their crops, farmers buy goods or services.This helps to develop local economies.

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

Although it was autumn, the snow was already beginning to fall in Tibet. Our legs were so heavy and cold that they felt   (61)   blocks of ice. Have you ever seen snowmen ride bicycles? Thatˈs   (62)    we looked like! Along the way children dressed in long wool coats stopped  (63)   (look) at us. In the late afternoon we found   (64)   was so cold that our water bottles froze. However, the lakes   (65)   (shine) like glass in the setting sun and looked wonderful. Wang Wei rode in front of me as usual. She is very reliable and I knew I didˈt need to encourage her. To climb the mountains was hard work but as we looked around us, we were   (66)   (surprise) by the view. We seemed to be able to see for miles. At one point we were so high that we found ourselves cycling through clouds. Then we began going  (67)    the hills. It was great fun   (68)   (especial) as it gradually became much warmer. In   (69)   valleys colourful butterflies flew around us and we saw many yaks and sheep   (70)  (eat) green grass. At this point we had to change our caps, coats, gloves and trousers T-shirts and shorts.