The origin of yoga are covered in the mists of time. Yoga, known as “ the supreme science of life”, is an ancient system of physical and mental practices that originated during the Indus Valley Civilization in South Asia. The basic purpose of yoga is to build harmony in the body, mind, and environment .

  Yoga is a complete system of physical , mental, social, and spiritual development. For generation, this philosophy was passed on from the master teacher to the student. The first _____________  of the practice of yoga appeared around 200 BC in Yogasutra.

  There are many benefits that individuals can gain from the practice of yoga. At the physical level, yoga can clean the body and has proven to be extremely effective for various disorders. Here are some of the benefits of yoga practice.

  Increasing flexibility(柔韧性) ----- There are positions in yoga that act upon the various joint5s in the body including those joints that we never really use.

  Massaging(按摩) all the organs of the body----- Research has shown that the yoga exercise is probably the only form of activity that messages all of the glands and organs of the body to promote good health and well-being. 

  Balance the nervous system------ Yoga is a great form of mediation that can balance the nervous system.

  Reduction of stress----- Because yoga is a slow and gentle form of exercise combined with breathing exercises, it can relax the body.

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If you want to make your body, mind and environment balanced, you can begin yoga.

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It was a hot summer day and I ran down the street hurriedly with a dollar in my sweaty hand. The closer I got to Sam & Joe’s, the more excited I was. After all, a dollar was a tidy sum for an 11-year-old boy in 1961. 

Out of breath, I pushed the door open and got a blast of cold air that instantly cooled me off. I was in a place of pure happiness. Sam & Joe’s had it all - books, candy, toys, baseball cards，puzzles and games. I went directly to the bar（水吧） and ordered a bottle of soda. There I sat, considering my next move. 

Books always came first. I picked out five copies. Next came the candy, rows and rows of it. I chose five candy bars, which brought my total to 25 cents. Then a bottle of cold orange juice, a bag of chips and a pack of Ted Williams baseball cards. After paying the clerk, I still had 5 cents.

I hurried directly to my backyard, where an apple tree patiently waited for me. There, sitting under the tree, I read my books, ate my candy and drank my orange juice.

As I sat in my own personal heaven(天堂), I started thinking about having more. That’s when a fantastic life-changing idea jumped into head: If I could get more money, I could buy more books I liked, buy anything I wanted. That’s how it all started.

(1). How did the boy feel on his way to Sam & Joe’s?  (no more than 5 words)

(2). What does “a tidy sum” mean in Paragraph 1? (no more than 5 words) 

(3). What did the boy consider doing first after he ordered soda?(no more than 5 words) 

(4). What did the boy do while reading? (no more than 5 words) 

(5). Where was the boy’s “personal heaven” ? (no more than 5 words)

请阅读下面短文，并按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章。

“Artificial intelligence(AI) will understand senses, such as vision and feelings, better than human beings. Its application in daily life such as autonomous driving will improve the world,” Zuckerberg said at the China Development Forum in Beijing.

Cdogg (Canada)

AI will not fully replace humans. AI may take away some human jobs. For example, robots are already making our cars, vacuuming our floors and serving our food. However, there will always be jobs that only humans can do; artificial intelligence has its limits. It will never completely replace the need for qualified humans in the labor force. Furthermore, humans will always be needed to design new artificial intelligence.

Seneca (Australia)

It’s only a matter of time. We have discovered no upper limit to the processing and problem-solving capabilities of machine intelligence. Given the current rate of development of computer technology, I think it reasonable to expect the arrival of machine intelligence as good as humans in the next 50 years.

Samlam (China)

I think it will steal jobs from us. As we already know, many people do not like jobs that are dangerous, tough and so on. But some people with poor education might be interested in them when they find it hard to look for a better job. When jobs like waiters or waitresses are taken by robots, when jobs like baby-sitters are taken by robots, many people will lose their jobs.

【写作内容】

1. 用约30个单词写出上文的概要；

2. 用约120各单词发表你的观点，内容包括：

(1) 人工智能能带给我们什么？

(2) 人工智能能否取代人类？为什么？

【写作要求】

1. 写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句；

2. 作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；

3. 不必写标题。

翻译短文。

    提到桑巴舞（samba dance），你就会想起以狂欢节游行而出名的里约热内卢（Rio de Janeiro）狂欢节。如果说威尼斯狂欢节的关键词是面具的神秘（mystery），那么里约的关键词就是桑巴舞的热情（passion）。节日游行的目的之一就是当地舞蹈学校彼此竞争（compete with）。连续几天（for days on end），成百万的人们涌上街头观看穿着（dress up in）华丽服装（fancy costume）的桑巴舞者表演热情的桑巴舞蹈。第一届里约狂欢节可追溯到（date back to）1823年。今天，里约狂欢节每年会吸引来自世界各地的超过两百万的游客。

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  When Dan Shaw gets up from the sofa in his home, Cuddles is never far away. When he wants to go outside, he doesn’t take Cuddles out for a walk—Cuddles takes him for a walk Cuddles is clearly no ordinary family pet. It is a two-foot-high miniature horse and serves as the guiding eyes of Shaw, who is blind.

      When Shaw lost his sight, his wife suggested he apply for a guide dog. Shaw, an anima lover, said he couldn’t hear to part with a dog(which usually lives about eight to ten years)and get used to a new one, perhaps several times in his life.

      Then Shaw heard of a program about the tiny guide horses. He learned that the horse possess many qualities that make them an excellent choice for guiding people. They are clean friendly, smart and have great memories. They can be trained to remain calm in noisy and crowded places. Best of all, they live for25-35 years, which would enable Shaw to have the same guide companion for most or all of his life.

      Shaw immediately applied to be and was accepted as the first person to receive a guide horse. The instant he met Cuddles, he knew he was making the right choice. Then he began his training.

      Through training, Shaw and Cuddles learned to find their way on busy streets, step over curbs(便道沿儿)and find elevator buttons. Cuddles even demonstrated(显示)its ability to step in front of Shaw and block him, to prevent him from walking into a dangerous situation The little horse also expertly led Shaw through busy shopping malls. They got along without any difficulties. Now Shaw is confident that Cuddles will change his life for the better.

假如你叫李华，寒假期间要去英国Embassy English Language School(EELS)进行短期学习。以下是英方学校寄给你的课程安排选择表，请你仔细阅读课程表，按要求给校方回一封信。

回信应包括以下内容：

1.在以上两种课程中任选一种并说出理由。

2.你现今的英语水平。

3.哪些具体的语言技巧需要得到提高。

4.其他的个人要求。

注意：1.信的开头和结尾已为你写好；2.词数:100左右。

Dear Sir/Madam,

Thank you for your offer of inviting me to the Winter English course in your school.____________________________________________

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Yours truly,

Li Hua

最近的一项研究调查表明，大约20%的学生有不吃早餐的习惯。请根据下列表格内容提示用英语写一篇短文。

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阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。

Harry Black was tired of the daily routine and always desired for something new to happen. One weekend in August Harry Black and his wife walked down to a river near their house. The sun was hot and they did not walk quickly.

“There’s nothing new here,” Harry said. “It’s always the same. Let’s go somewhere else.”

His wife laughed. “Look over there on the ground,” she said. “Isn’t it a key?”

Harry walked over to the key and looked at it. The key was not very large and it had the number 164 on it. Obviously, it wasn’t a car key or a door key but a key to a box and they decided to take it to the police station.

The railway station was near the police station. There was a hotel in the railway station. “Shall we have a drink in the hotel?” Harry said.

Harry and his wife began to walk through the railway station to the hotel. They came to some lockers(寄存柜). Each locker had a number, a lock and a key. People put things in these lockers, and left them there for an hour or two. The people locked the doors and took the keys away with them.

When she saw the lockers, Harry’s wife said, “I know what that key is. It’s the key from one of those lockers. Someone put something in a locker, locked the door, took the key away and then lost it.”

Harry took the key out of his pocket and wondered whether there was a locker number 164 there. They went to the lockers and soon found number 164. Harry looked at the key. He looked at the key in locker number 164. He told his wife that he was going to open the locker but his wife didn’t like that.

“I’m not going to take them,” Harry said. “I’m only going to look at them.”

“Please don’t,” his wife said. “Let’s go and have our drink and then take the key to the police station.”

But Harry wanted to see what was in the locker. ________________________

Harry turned quickly and two policemen were standing next to him._____________________

注意

1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右；

2. 至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语；

3. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；

4. 续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。

If you are in the market looking for a new bike, maybe you would like to consider this bicycle. The brainchild of Israeli inventor Izhar Gafni, the fully functional bike that costs just $ 10 to make, is made entirely of cardboard (硬纸板).

   Mr. Gafni came up with the idea after he heard about a working canoe that had been made of cardboard. However, when he suggested the idea to engineers, they all told him that it was impossible. Not ready to accept failure, Mr. Gafni decided to try to build one himself. However, the task turned out to be harder than he had thought. Considering that the cardboard is normally used to make just boxes, there was not much idea on how to even get started.

   While being able to get the design right, his biggest difficulty was to create a bike strong enough to carry a rider of almost any size and weight. After experimenting with several choices he found out that by using the Japanese principals of origami (折纸) he could increase the weight the cardboard can bear. Therefore, he made the bike strong enough to carry a real rider. He then had to figure out a coating that would protect the bike in all kinds of weather conditions. While getting it right took a few models, the final result is a new bike coated with a finish (抛光) that gives it the look and feel of lightweight plastic. It can carry as much as 485 pounds.

   Mr. Gafni is now working with some businessmen to get his cardboard creation into stores by late 2018. Considering that it costs only $10 to make the entire bike, he believes that the finished product could be sold for at least $80- $90, which makes it the coolest, cheapest, most eco-friendly bike in the world!