The next few decades will see the world experience many most pressing challenges, one of which is how to ease the __（1）__ stress that human activities are placing on the environment. The consequences are just too great to __（2）__. Wildlife habitats are being degraded or disappearing altogether as new developments __（3）__ more land. Plant and animal species are becoming __（4）__ at a greater rate now than at any time in Earth’s history. As many as 30 percent of the world’s fish stocks are over-exploited. And the __（5）__ goes on.

       __（6）__, there is reason to have hope for the future. Advances in computing power and molecular biology are among the tremendous increases in __（7）__ capability that are helping researchers __（8）__ a better understanding of these problems. Recent development in science and technology could provide the __（9）__ for some major and timely actions that would __（10）__ our understanding of how human activities affect the environment.

      Improving hydrological forecasting is one priority for research. It has been __（11）__ that the world’s water use would triple in the next two decades. Already, widespread water __（12）__ have occurred in parts of China, India, and North Africa. The need for water also is taking its toll on fresh water ecosystems in the United States. Only 2 percent of the nations’ __（13）__ are considered in good condition , and __（14）__ to 40 percent of native fish species are rare to extinct.

      To prevent __（15）__ ofinfectiousdiseases in plants, animals and human, more study is needed on how parasites and disease-carrying species—as __（16）__ as humans and other species they __（17）__ ---are affected by changes in the environment. The overuse of antibiotics both in humans and in farm animals has __（18）__ to the growth of antibiotic-resistant micro organism. Researchers can take __（19）__ of new technologies in genetics and computing to better monitor and __（20）__ the effects that environment changes might have on diseases outbreaks.

For years scientists have been worried about the effects of air pollution on the earthˈs natural conditions. Some believe the    (1)   inside many houses may be more dangerous than the air outside. It may be one hundred times    (2)   .

        Indoor air pollution can  (3)   a person to feel tired, to suffer eye pain, headache and other   (4)   . Some pollutants can cause breathing disorders, diseases of blood and    (5)  cancer. Most scientists agree that every modern house has some kind of  (6)    pollution.

        People pay more    (7)    to the problem now. It is that when builders began making    (8)   and offices they did not want to waste energy. To do this they built buildings that limited the flow of air between inside and outside. They also began   (9)   man-made building materials. These   (10)    are now known to let out harmful gases.    (11)   the problem became more serious, scientists began searching for a   (12)   to deal with it. They discovered a natural pollution control system   (13)    building green plants. Scientists donˈt really know  (14)   control air pollution. They believe that a plantˈs leaves absorb or  (15)    pollutants.

 It is proved that a young scientist named Will Smith has invented a kind of advanced and intelligent robot. The small robot may help children who are _（1）__. from a long-term illness in hospital or at home.

   Whoever has had a long-term illness knows that recovering at home can be   (1)  _, as everyone can't keep them _  (2)  _, especially when their family go out to work. These children may feel   (3)   from their friends and classmates, which can be particularly _  (4)   of children. They may feel _  (5)  _. Now these children may have a high-tech friend to help _  (6)  _ the sense of loneliness. The friend is a robot, which takes their _  (7)  _ at school. Through the robot, the children can _  (8)  _ teachers and classmates. They   (9)  _ participate in class from _  (10)  _ they are recovering. Mr. Smith, the inventor _  (11)  _ how it works. He says the child uses a tablet or phone to start the robot. Then the _  (12)   uses the same device to control the robot's movements at school, the robot becomes the ears and _  (13)  _ of the child, so that he or she can take part in classroom activities—_  (14)   you're at home or from a hospital bed. The robot is _  (15)  _ with microphones that makes _  (16)  _ easy. It will become   (17)  _ to the public, for not only does it look simply cool but people can afford it. _  (18)  _, it will help some children feel _  (19)  _ lonely while they are absent from class.

War, money and power are a few things that countries and people are

concerned about.__(1)__I agree that those things are important, I believe that everyone should start

to__(2)__ more on a growing problem—global warming.

Global warming will not only__(3)__our country and our generation, but also the entire__(4)_ and future generations. It is__(5)__ because the weather has been a lot warmer over the past few years, which__(6)__the melting(融化) of the ice in the Antarctic. This will soon cause water levels to __(7)_and flood parts of the world.

Many people ignore this problem because they feel__(8)__ they canˈt do anything about it and

have more__(9)__things to worry about. If we all__(10)__so, then our ozone layer(臭氧层) will

be__(11)__and the planet will no longer be able to make life continue to exist. We should do our

best to limit the use of our planetˈs __(12)__resources(资源) and keep our air clean.__(13)__，future

generations will suffer from our__(14)_.

Some might feel that they canˈt stop global warming from__(15)__. But if every single person does his or her part in keeping the air clean, then it will become a__(16)__effort. Sure, there are some things that cause pollution and that we wonˈt be able to__(17)__change. This may include cars burning oil, but we can__(18)__adjust some of these things. People can start carpooling, taking the bus, riding their bikes, or__(19)__just walking.

If everyone takes__(20)__now, I believe we can start seeing remarkable results within a few

years.

The part of the environmental movement that draws my firm's attention is the design of cities, buildings and products. When we designedAmerica's first so-called "green" office building in New York two decades __（1）__, we felt that we were alone. But today, thousands of people come to green building conferences, and the _  (1)  _that buildings can be good for people and the environment will be increasingly influential in years to _  (2)  _ .

Back in 1984, we discovered that most products for decoration weren’t designed for   (3)  _use. The “energy-efficient” commercial buildings constructed after the 1970s _  (4)  _crisis revealed indoor air quality problems caused by materials such as paint, wall covering and carpet. So far 20 years, we’ve been   (5)  _ on these materials down to the molecules(分子), looking for ways to make them __  (6)  _ for people and the planet.

Home builders can now use materials—such as paints that release significantly   (7)  _ amounts of organic compounds(有机化合物) —that don’t   (8)  _ the quality of the air, water, or soil. Eventually, _  (9)  _, our basic design strategy is focused not simply on being “less bad” but on creating   (10)  _ healthful materials that can be either safely returned to the soil _  (11)   reused by industry again and again. As a matter of   (12)  _, the world’s largest carpet manufacturer has already _  (13)   a carpet that is fully and safely recyclable.

Look at it this way: No one   (14)   out to create a building that destroys the planet. But our _  (15)  _ industrial systems are inevitably(不可避免地) causing these conditions, whether we like it or not. So _  (16)   of simply trying to reduce the damage, we are _  (17)  _ a positive approach. We’re giving people high-quality, healthful products and an opportunity to make choices that have a _  (18)   effect on the world. It’s not just the building industry, either. Entire cities are taking these _  (19)  _ positive approaches to design, planning and building.Portland,Seattleand Boston have said they want to be green cities. Chicago wants to be the greenest city in the world.

Do you think an individual can make a difference? Ask Rossano Ercolini, the Goldman Prize winner, which is considered the Nobel Prize for “   (1)  ”. Eroclini is a young   (2)  in a small town in Italy. After   (3)  the news of reducing waste on the radio, he decided to teach his students to   (4)  paper and replace plastic water bottles in the school lunchroom with   (5)   glasses.

When his town announced plans to open an incinerator to burn waste, Ercolini knew it would be   (6)   to his students. Incinerators are huge heaters that burn all waste and poisonous materials, leaving behind   (7)  . You might think it is  (8)  than sending waste to landfills. It is true that landfills   (9)  space, smell bad, and that poisonous materials can make underground drinking water   (10)   to use. But incinerators have their own   (11)  . Burning will   (12)   poisonous gases into the air, causing breathing problems. People will have to wear a mask   (13)  they go out. The smoke also causes pollution, and even   (14)  the greenhouse effect.

Ercolini was worried about the   (15)  of his community and felt it was his duty to   (16)  them. He organized town meetings and talked about how to reduce, reuse and recycle.  (17)  , Ercolini has advocated the zero-waste movement, the   (18)  of which is to reduce the waste to the least possible amount. He has already   (19)   plans for more than 50 incinerators in many Italian cities.  (20)    his efforts, there are more than 100 zero-waste towns in Italy now!

Modern inventions have speeded up people’s lives amazingly. Motor-cars   (1)   a hundred miles in little more than an hour, aircraft cross the world a day,   (2)   computers operate at lightning speed. Indeed, this love of speed seems never-ending. Every year motor-cars are produced which go even faster and each new computer boasts（吹嘘）of saving   (3)   seconds in handling tasks.

       All this saves time, but at a   (4)  . When we lose or   (5)   half a day in speeding across the world in an airplane, we get the uncomfortable feeling known as jet-lag and our   (6)   feel that they have been left behind in another time zone. Again, spending too long at   (7)   results in painful wrists and fingers.

       However, what do we do with the time we have saved? Certainly not   (8)  , or so it seems. We are so accustomed to constant activity that we find it   (9)   to sit and do nothing or even just one thing at a time. Perhaps the days are long gone when we might listen quietly to a story on the radio, letting     ___  (10)   take us into another world.

There was a time when some people’s lives were devoted   (11)   to the farming of the land or the care of cattle. No multi-tasking there; their lives went on at a much gentler pace, and in a   (12)  ___     pattern. There is much that we might   (13)   about a way of life like this. Yet before we do so, we must think of the hard tasks our ancestors faced: they farmed with bare hands,   (14)   lived close to hunger, and had to fashion tools from wood and stone.

Modern machinery has   (15)   people from that primitive existence. But attitudes towards it     ___  (16)   across generations. Some find today’s technology a   (17)  . Others consider it a curse. I suppose the positive side is that primitive existence is still   (18)   for anyone who really wants it. Anyway, computers can be shut   (19)   and most places in the world can be reached on foot. Regardless of anyone’s view on the subject, it’s hard to imagine what life would be like   (20)   daily advancements in technology.

Every day，the news of the world reaches people by over 300 million copies of daily papers，over 400 million radio sets，and over 150 million television sets.Additional news is __41__ by motion(动作) pictures，in theatres and cinemas all over the world.As more people learn what the important events of the day are，__42__ still only care for the events of their own household.Nearly four hundred years ago the English writer John Donne said，“No man is an island.”This __43__ is more appropriate(恰当的) today than it was __44__ Donne lived.In short，wherever he lives，a man __45__ to some society；and we are becoming more and more aware(清楚的) that __46__ happens in one particular society affects，somehow，the life of mankind.

Newspapers have been published in the __47__ world for about four hundred years.Most of the newspapers __48__ today are read in Europe and North America.However，__49__ they may be read in all parts of the world，__50__ to the new inventions that are changing the techniques of newspaper __51__.

Electronics and automation(自动化) have made it __52__ to produce pictures and texts far more quickly than before.Photographic copying doesn’t __53__ to use type(铅字) and printing machines.And fewer specialists, __54__ typesetters，are needed to produce a paper or magazine by the __55__ method.

Therefore，the publishing of newspapers and magazines can __56__ more money.Besides，photocopies can be sent over great __57__ now by means of television channels and satellites such as Telstar.Thus，__58__ can be brought to the public more quickly than before.

Machines that prepare printed texts for photocopies are being used a great deal today.Film，__59__ light and small，can be sent rapidly to other places and used to print copies of the text __60__ they are needed.Film pictures can also be projected easily on a movie or television screen.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

I was always complaining about wind or rain.   (1)   it was nothing unusual for the arrival of wind or rain, it caused inconvenience for me to go out, and sometimes it even created an awful atmosphere, so I   (2)   it strongly.

On a rainy day a meteorologist (气象学家) I met was very   (3)   at my great anger caused by rain that made a little inconvenience for me.

He asked, “Have you ever seen typhoon? Do you know what would happen to the world if there were no typhoon?” I shook my head. I had no   (4)   of how overwhelming it was when it   (5)   everything away in its way.

 “Well, let me tell you,” the meteorologist said.  “Without it the   (6)   of fresh water will be more serious, for it is a great   (7)   of water supply on earth. Without it, there would be a greater imbalance in the distribution of   (8)  . The equatorial area that receives the most sunshine on earth   (9)   entirely on typhoon to disperse (驱散) heat. Without typhoon the tropics would be even   (10)   while the frigid zones much colder. As a result the temperate zones would   (11)   from the world...”

Ignorance made me   (12)  . I disliked wind only because it ruffled (吹乱) my hair. I hated rain merely because I had to carry an umbrella. But I had no idea at all that typhoon---something much more violent, something a thousand times more   (13)   than wind or rain---was a   (14)   to the existence of mankind.

  (15)   no road on earth goes all the way on level ground, there’s no person in the world who can do whatever he pleases.   (16)   as it is for people to guard against typhoon, it is advisable for a man to stop   (17)   for a moment before he complains.  “  (18)   typhoon disappeared all together? What would the world become then?” The   (19)   will keep him calm and lead him closer to truth - he will be better   (20)   of the world he lives in.