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            • 1．

              Improve your memory

              Do you find yourself forgetting where you left your keys or blanking out information on important tests?  (1)  Before your next big exam, be sure to check out some of these tried and tested ways of improving memory.

              Focus your attention on the materials you are studying. Attention is one of the major components (组成部分) of memory. In order for information to move from short-term memory into long-term memory, you need to actively attend to this information.  (2)  

              Structure and organize the information you are studying. Researchers have found that information is best organized in related groups.  (3)  Or you can make an outline of your notes and textbook readings to help group related concepts (概念).

                (4)  When you are studying unfamiliar material, take the time to think about how this information relates to things that you already know. By establishing relationships between new ideas and previously existing memories, you can greatly increase the likelihood（可能性）of recalling (回想起) the recently learned information.

              Pay extra attention to difficult information. Remembering information at the beginning or end of an article is easy. However, recalling information from its middle can be difficult.   (5)  Another way is to try restructuring what you have learned so it will be easier to remember. When you come across an especially difficult concept, devote some extra time to memorizing the information.

              (1) _______
              A. Use this approach in your own studies.
              B. Try grouping similar concepts（概念）and terms together.
              C. Relate new information to things you already know.
              D. Repeat the information you are studying to improve memory.
              E. Try to study in a quiet place and concentrate on your learning.
              F. Fortunately, there are things that you can do to help improve your memory.
              G. You can overcome this problem by spending extra time memorizing this information.
              (2) _______
              A. Use this approach in your own studies.
              B. Try grouping similar concepts（概念）and terms together.
              C. Relate new information to things you already know.
              D. Repeat the information you are studying to improve memory.
              E. Try to study in a quiet place and concentrate on your learning.
              F. Fortunately, there are things that you can do to help improve your memory.
              G. You can overcome this problem by spending extra time memorizing this information.
              (3) _______
              A. Use this approach in your own studies.
              B. Try grouping similar concepts（概念）and terms together.
              C. Relate new information to things you already know.
              D. Repeat the information you are studying to improve memory.
              E. Try to study in a quiet place and concentrate on your learning.
              F. Fortunately, there are things that you can do to help improve your memory.
              G. You can overcome this problem by spending extra time memorizing this information.
              (4) _______
              A. Use this approach in your own studies.
              B. Try grouping similar concepts（概念）and terms together.
              C. Relate new information to things you already know.
              D. Repeat the information you are studying to improve memory.
              E. Try to study in a quiet place and concentrate on your learning.
              F. Fortunately, there are things that you can do to help improve your memory.
              G. You can overcome this problem by spending extra time memorizing this information.
              (5) _______
              A. Use this approach in your own studies.
              B. Try grouping similar concepts（概念）and terms together.
              C. Relate new information to things you already know.
              D. Repeat the information you are studying to improve memory.
              E. Try to study in a quiet place and concentrate on your learning.
              F. Fortunately, there are things that you can do to help improve your memory.
              G. You can overcome this problem by spending extra time memorizing this information.
              难度：较易
              解析 收藏 试题篮
            • 2． We all have been told since we were kids that we need at least 8hours of sleep every night．（36） ______ ．Not many．
              Sleep，though，is one of the most important things our bodies need to stay to healthy．Without the rest that sleep provides，our bodies and minds wear down to the point where not only do we lose our work efficiency，but lack of sleep can even make us sick．（37） ______ ．
              A lot of people eat late into the night and then try to sleep on a full stomach．（38） ______
              While you're trying to sleep，your body is working hard to absorb whatever you've eaten．Stay away from food a few hours before you go to bed，so that your body can rest．
              If you need more hours in the day to get your work done，try to make a chice between waking up extra early and then going to bed on time，or staying up later but then also getting up later．Some people do better and are more productive when they stay up late．（39） ______ Do some tests on yourself to see which option works better on you．
              （40） ______ ．You body and your mind are more efficient when a routine has been set and a habit has been formed．Followed the same positive sleep patterns for a week or a week or a month and you'll notice a big change in how much more restful you feel．

              A．If you are struggling to get the sleep you need，here are some suggestions for you．
              B．So it's vital to have enough sleep for us．
              C．Turn sleep into a habit．
              D．Others feel better and have more energy when they wake up early．
              E．The more hours we sleep，the more energy we will have．
              F．This will not provide yiu with a restful sleep．
              G．However，how many of us actually get that many hours of sleep？
              难度：难
              解析 收藏 试题篮
            • 3．

              A．account  B．adjustable  C．appliances  D．capture  E．decorations  F．direct  G．experiment  H．intended  I．operated  J．soulless  K．squeeze

               

              Golden Rules of Good Design

              What makes good design？Over the years，designers and artists have been trying to (1) the essentials of good design．They have found that some sayings can help people understand the ideas of good design．There are four as follows．

              Less is more．This saying is associated with the German﹣born architect Mies van der Rohe．In his Modernist view，beauty lies in simplicity and elegance，and the aim of the designer is to create solutions to problems through the most efficient means．Design should avoid unnecessary (2)    More is not a bore．The American﹣born architect Robert Venturi concluded that if simplicity is done badly，the result is (3) design．Post﹣Modernist designers began to (4) with decoration and color again．Product design was heavily influenced by this view and can be seen in kitchen (5) such as ovens and kettles．

              Fitness for purpose．Successful product design takes into consideration a product’s function，purpose，shape，form，color，and so on．The most important result for the user is that the product does what is (6)．For example，think of a（n）(7)desk lamp．It needs to be constructed from materials that will stand the heat of the lamp and regular adjustments by the user．It also needs to be stable．Most importantly，it needs to (8) light where it is needed．

              From follows emotion．This phrase is associated with the German designer Hartmut Esslinger．He believes design must take into (9) he sensory side of our nature﹣sight，smell，touch and taste．These are as important as rational（理性的）thinking．When choosing everyday products such as toothpaste，we appreciate a cool﹣looking device that allows us to easily (10) the toothpaste onto our brush．

              难度：易
              解析 收藏 试题篮
            • 4．

              阅读下面短文，选择方框里A—E五个句子填入文中空缺处，使内容完整、正确（5分）

              It was a cold day in December in New York City. A little boy about ten years old was standing in front of a shoe store on Broadway.   (1)  A lady walked to the boy and said, “My little boy, what are you looking at?”  “    37         ” was the boy's reply.

              The lady took him by the hand and went into the store. She asked the clerk to get a pair of socks for the boy. She then asked if he could give her a basin of hot water and a towel.

                (2)   She removed her gloves, knelt down, washed the boy's little feet, and dried them with a towel. By this time, the clerk had returned with the socks. The lady put on the socks for the boy,   (3)   She patted him on the head and said, “My little boy, do you feel more comfortable now?” As the lady turned to go, the boy caught her by the hand suddenly and looked up in her face.

              With tears in his eyes, he asked her, “   40       ”  

              “ No, I'm a mother.” said the lady.

              A. and then bought a pair of shoes for him.

              B. The clerk quickly brought them to her.

              C. I was asking God to give me a pair of shoes.

              D. He was looking through the window, barefoot（光脚） and shaking with cold.

              E. Are you God's wife?
              (1) A.  B.  C.  D.  E. 
              (2) A.  B.  C.  D.  E. 
              (3) A.  B.  C.  D.  E. 
              (4) A.  B.  C.  D.  E. 
              (5) A.  B.  C.  D.  E. 
              难度：易
              解析 收藏 试题篮
            • 5．

                根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

                  A proverb says“One man is not good enough to live alone in the world”．Indeed，there are many things in life which we alone cannot perform．

                  (1)  Friends are people who willingly and readily help us when we are in trouble and show sympathy for us when we are in pain．

                  (2)  For example，when we have passed the graduation examination and are looking for a job，we need experienced and reliable friends to guide us and help us on our way．A good friend is also an adviser because our own opinions on things may not be always right．  (3)  

                  Of course，we can make friends everywhere．However，I think the best place is school，where we are among a big number of boys and girls of our own age．  (4)  Besides，we can also make friends among the people who work with us in the community．

                  In order to make friends，we ourselves must be honest，noble—minded and kind?hearted whereby to leave a good impression on others since other people observe us the same way as we do．

                  At the same time，we should avoid bad friends，because they always do harm to us and moreover，they are dangerous to the people around．  (5)  In fact，seeking acquaintance with bad friends would be a serious mistake．

              (1) A. We need friends’help．
              B. A faithful friend is hard to find．
              C. A friend in need is a friend indeed．
              D. Therefore，it is necessary for us to seek advice from friends．
              E. what is worse，they destroy our friendship with good friends．
              F. The benefits of friendship are endless and sometimes invisible．
              G. Therefore，it is easy to get to know one another in a short time．
              (2) A. We need friends’help．
              B. A faithful friend is hard to find．
              C. A friend in need is a friend indeed．
              D. Therefore，it is necessary for us to seek advice from friends．
              E. what is worse，they destroy our friendship with good friends．
              F. The benefits of friendship are endless and sometimes invisible．
              G. Therefore，it is easy to get to know one another in a short time．
              (3) A. We need friends’help．
              B. A faithful friend is hard to find．
              C. A friend in need is a friend indeed．
              D. Therefore，it is necessary for us to seek advice from friends．
              E. what is worse，they destroy our friendship with good friends．
              F. The benefits of friendship are endless and sometimes invisible．
              G. Therefore，it is easy to get to know one another in a short time．
              (4) A. We need friends’help．
              B. A faithful friend is hard to find．
              C. A friend in need is a friend indeed．
              D. Therefore，it is necessary for us to seek advice from friends．
              E. what is worse，they destroy our friendship with good friends．
              F. The benefits of friendship are endless and sometimes invisible．
              G. Therefore，it is easy to get to know one another in a short time．
              (5) A. We need friends’help．
              B. A faithful friend is hard to find．
              C. A friend in need is a friend indeed．
              D. Therefore，it is necessary for us to seek advice from friends．
              E. what is worse，they destroy our friendship with good friends．
              F. The benefits of friendship are endless and sometimes invisible．
              G. Therefore，it is easy to get to know one another in a short time．
              难度：易
              解析 收藏 试题篮
            • 6．

              Speaking English is not only about using proper grammar. To use English effectively, you need to understand the culture in which it is spoken. Here are a number of important tips to remember when speaking English in the United States.

              Conversation Tips

              Talk about location.  (1)  When speaking to strangers, ask them where they are from and then make a connection with that place. For example: “Oh, I have a friend who studied in Los Angeles. He says it’s a beautiful place to live in.” Most Americans will then willingly talk about their experiences living or visiting that particular city or area.

              Talk about work.  (2)  It’s not considered impolite and is a popular topic of discussion between strangers.

              Talk about sports. Americans love sports!  (3)  When speaking about football, most Americans understand “American Football ”, not soccer.

                (4)  

              Many Americans prefer first names. Americans often prefer using first names, even when dealing with people in very different positions. Americans will generally say, “Call me Tom.”  and then expect you to remain on a first name basis.

              Public Behavior

              Always shake hands.   (5)  This is true for both men and women. Other forms of greeting such as kissing on the cheeks is generally not appreciated.

              Smoking is out! Smoking, even in public places, is strongly disapproved of by most Americans in the modern United States.

              (1) ______
              A. Americans shake hands when greeting each other.
              B. Americans love to talk about location.
              C. Americans commonly ask “What do you do?”
              D. Talking with people.
              E. Addressing people.
              F. However, they love American sports
              G. Americans prefer to make friends with foreigners.
              (2) ______
              A. Americans shake hands when greeting each other.
              B. Americans love to talk about location.
              C. Americans commonly ask “What do you do?”
              D. Talking with people.
              E. Addressing people.
              F. However, they love American sports
              ​
              G. Americans prefer to make friends with foreigners.
              (3) ______
              A. Americans shake hands when greeting each other.
              B. Americans love to talk about location.
              C. Americans commonly ask “What do you do?”
              D. Talking with people.
              E. Addressing people.
              F. However, they love American sports
              ​
              G. Americans prefer to make friends with foreigners.
              (4) ______
              A. Americans shake hands when greeting each other.
              B. Americans love to talk about location.
              C. Americans commonly ask “What do you do?”
              D. Talking with people.
              E. Addressing people.
              F. However, they love American sports
              ​
              G. Americans prefer to make friends with foreigners.
              (5) ______
              A. Americans shake hands when greeting each other.
              B. Americans love to talk about location.
              C. Americans commonly ask “What do you do?”
              D. Talking with people.
              E. Addressing people.
              F. However, they love American sports
              ​
              G. Americans prefer to make friends with foreigners.
              难度：中等
              解析 收藏 试题篮
            • 7． Homework
              Do arithmetic problems 15 through 25．State the different forms of the verbs on page 50of your French workbook．Read pages 12through 20of the Shakespeare play，and don't forget to fill in the missing chemical symbols on the worksheet．
              Sound like a list of your homework for the next few nights-or maybe even just for tonight？（71）It's your teachers'way of evaluating how much you understand what's going on in class．And it helps strengthen important concepts．
              （72） ______ It's inviting to start with the easy things to get them out of the way．However，you'll have the most energy and focus when you begin，so it's best to use this mental power on the subjects that are most challenging．Later，when you're more tired，you can focus on the simpler things．If you get stuck on a problem，try to figure it out as well as you can-but don't spend too much time on it because this can mess up your homework schedule for the rest of the night．（73） ______ But don't pick someone whom you'll be up all night chatting with，or you'll never get it done!
              Most people's attention spans aren't very long，so take some breaks while doing your homework．Sitting for too long without relaxing will make you less productive than if you stop every so often．Taking a 15-minute break every hour is a good idea for most people．（74） ______
              Once your homework is done，you can check over it if you have extra time．Be sure to put it safely away in your backpack-there's nothing worse than having a completed assignment that you can't find the next morning or that gets ruined by a careless brother or sister．（75） ______ Now you're free to hang out．

              A．Homework is a major part of going to school．
              B．Luckily，you can do a few things to do less homework．
              C．When you start your homework，deal with the hardest tasks first．
              D．But if you're really concentrating，wait until it's a good time to stop．
              E．If you need to，ask an adult for help or call or email a classmate for advice．
              F．And no teacher still believes that"chewed by the dog"line-even when it's true!
              G．In conclusion，no one is expected to stay long，and people have very different learning styles．
              难度：较易
              解析 收藏 试题篮
            • 8．

              Everyone wants to succeed in their life, donˈt they?   36    It really isnˈt that hard. Follow the steps below, and you can have a successfulteenage life!

              ● Do well in school.

              Try your best, listen to the teachers, do your homework, study, and get good grades.  37    And a better education will help you to get a great job in the future.

              ● Do something good in your community.

              If you like helping people, volunteer at a soup kitchen. If you love helping the environment, plant trees or pick up garbage.   38   Youˈre making a big difference in the world, and above all, having lots of voluntary hours will make your resume (简历) more attractive!

              ●   39  

              Remember theyˈre there to help you be the best that you can be. Respect them and value their opinions, even if they annoy you sometimes. Keep in mind that they do the things because they care about you and want you to succeed in life.

              ● Have good friends to help you out!

              Friends are there to support you and lift your spirits.   40    And create a group of supportive, loving friends that can help you succeed in life. Find a few really good friends that will stick with you once you leave high school.

              A．Do what you love.

              B．Be nice to your parents and teachers.

              C．Be with people who make you happy.

              D．This could be your job for the rest of your life.

              E．Doing so will help you get into a better university.

              F．Even as a teenager, you can achieve success in your life.

              G．When you help others, it will make you feel better about yourself.

              难度：中等
              解析 收藏 试题篮
            • 9． The Bystander Effect
              The term bystander effect refers to the phenomenon in which the greater the number of people present，the less likely people are to help a person in distress．When an emergency situation occurs，observers are more likely to take action if there are few or no other witnesses．Being part of a large crowd makes it so no single person has to take responsibility for an action （or inaction）．
              The most frequently cited example of the bystander effect in introductory psychology textbooks is the brutal murder of a young woman named Catherine"Kitty"Genovese．On Friday，March 13，1964，28-year-old Genovese was returning home from work．As she approached her apartment entrance，she was attacked and stabbed by a man later identified as Winston Moseley．
              Despite Genovese's repeated calls for help，none of the dozen or so people in the nearby apartment building who heard her cries called police to report the incident．The attack first began at 3：20AM，but it was not until 3：50AM that someone first contacted police．
              While Genovese's case has been subject to numerous misrepresentations and inaccuracies，there have been numerous other cases reported in recent years．The bystander effect can clearly have a powerful impact on the general conduct of people in a society，but why exactly does it happen？Why don't we help when we are part of a crowd？
              There are several factors that contribute to the bystander effect．First，the presence of other people creates a diffusion of responsibility．Because there are other observers，individuals do not feel as much pressure to take action，since the responsibility to take action is thought to be shared among all of those present．
              The second reason is the need to behave in correct and socially acceptable ways．When other observers fail to react，individuals often take this as a signal that a response is not needed or not appropriate．Other researchers have found that onlookers are less likely to intervene if the situation is ambiguous．In the case of Kitty Genovese，many of the 38witnesses reported that they believed that they were witnessing a"lover's quarrel，"and did not realize that the young woman was actually being murdered．
              Characteristics of the situation can play a role．During a crisis，things are often chaotic and the situation is not always crystal clear．Onlookers might wonder exactly what is happening．During such chaotic moments，people often look to others in the group to determine what is appropriate．When people look at the crowd and see that no one else is reacting，it sends a signal that perhaps no action is needed．
              So what can you do to avoid falling into this trap of inaction？Some psychologists suggest that simply being aware of this tendency is perhaps the greatest way to break the cycle．When faced with a situation that requires action，understanding how the bystander effect might be holding you back and consciously taking steps to overcome it can help．However，this does not mean you should place yourself in danger．
              But what if you are the person in need of assistance？How can you inspire people to lend a hand？One often-recommended tactic is to single out one person from the crowd．Make eye contact and ask that individual specifically for help．By personalizing and individualizing your request，it becomes much harder for people to turn you down．
              The Bystander Effect
              Passage outline Supporting details
              Concept of the
              bystander effect
              The bystander effect occurs when the presence of others keeps an individual
              from becoming （71） ______ in an emergency situation．

              It is obvious that the bystander effect can greatly influence（72） ______ behavior．
              Typical example In 1964，a young woman named Genovese met with violence and her life was
              （73） ______ outside her apartment，while bystanders who observed the
              crime did not step in to assist or call the police．
              （74） ______
              for the bystander
              effect
              Individuals are less likely to take action or feel a sense of （75） ______ in
              front of a large group of people．

              Before deciding to offer help，observers may want to make（76） ______ that
              it is appropriate to react．Besides，there is a natural （77） ______ for people
              to follow the crowd before the situation is clear．
              （78） ______ of
              the bystander
              effect
              You should realize or know the （79） ______ of the bystander effect and take
              measures to get rid of it．

              When in need of help，you should （80） ______ one from the crowd，which
              Will increase your chance of getting your request across and being helped．
              难度：较易
              解析 收藏 试题篮
            • 10．

              Darling Kelli

              I’m so sorry I will not get to see you grow up as I so want to. Please don’t blame people or the world for this. I wish I didn’t have cancer and you didn’t have to see me in pain as you often do now.

                 36   We don’t have that time. I won’t be able to drop you off on your first day at big school, pick you up after your first date, hold you when your heart hurts or cheer when you graduate.

              But while your old dad is still around I thought I’d try to give you some life advice. I hope it gives you some comfort.

              School

              Everyone will say it’s important to work hard at school. Hopefully you’ll always do your best. I did well at school but did it do me much good in life? Not really.   37   

              Mummy

              You and your mum will argue at times, especially when you’re a teenager.    38   Give Mummy a hug when she is feeling sad and help each other get through any horrible times when I am gone. When you’re a teenager you might think your friends are right and your mum is wrong. But she has to make hard decisions for you. Treat her well.

              Christmas & birthdays

              On your first Christmas without me, I’d love if you and Mummy would light a candle and remember me for a few minutes. It would be great if you two did the monkey dance together. That’s something to make me smile from up above.

              I’ve given Nanny Sue presents for all your birthdays. I wish I could be there to see you open them.    39     

                 40   

              In life, many people will say you cannot do things. You make up your mind. Can you? Big challenges involve risks so make smart choices. Those who told me I couldn’t do certain things didn’t want me to do them. If you want something, it is nearly always possible, so do your best. I’m sure there’s a lot you can achieve!

              And finally, thank you for being you, Kelli. Having you as my daughter is the greatest honour of my life.

              All my love, always, to you princess and to Mummy,

              Daddy

              (1) A. Please remember she loves you and wants the best for you.
              B. Most dads and daughters have decades to chat around the kitchen table.
              C. Remember your life motto.
              D. Believe in yourself.
              E. School work is important, but make sure you have fun too.
              F. Remember to write thank-you letters for presents of kindness as it is always nice to act with grace and gratitude.
              G. Hopefully you will like everything as it’s hard to imagine you at 10, 15, and 20.
              (2) A. Please remember she loves you and wants the best for you.
              B. Most dads and daughters have decades to chat around the kitchen table.
              C. Remember your life motto.
              D. Believe in yourself.
              E. School work is important, but make sure you have fun too.
              F. Remember to write thank-you letters for presents of kindness as it is always nice to act with grace and gratitude.
              G. Hopefully you will like everything as it’s hard to imagine you at 10, 15, and 20.
              (3) A. Please remember she loves you and wants the best for you.
              B. Most dads and daughters have decades to chat around the kitchen table.
              C. Remember your life motto.
              D. Believe in yourself.
              E. School work is important, but make sure you have fun too.
              F. Remember to write thank-you letters for presents of kindness as it is always nice to act with grace and gratitude.
              G. Hopefully you will like everything as it’s hard to imagine you at 10, 15, and 20.
              (4) A. Please remember she loves you and wants the best for you.
              B. Most dads and daughters have decades to chat around the kitchen table.
              C. Remember your life motto.
              D. Believe in yourself.
              E. School work is important, but make sure you have fun too.
              F. Remember to write thank-you letters for presents of kindness as it is always nice to act with grace and gratitude.
              G. Hopefully you will like everything as it’s hard to imagine you at 10, 15, and 20.
              (5) A. Please remember she loves you and wants the best for you.
              B. Most dads and daughters have decades to chat around the kitchen table.
              C. Remember your life motto.
              D. Believe in yourself.
              E. School work is important, but make sure you have fun too.
              F. Remember to write thank-you letters for presents of kindness as it is always nice to act with grace and gratitude.
              G. Hopefully you will like everything as it’s hard to imagine you at 10, 15, and 20.
              难度：易
              解析 收藏 试题篮
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