Bargain（廉价购买）shopping is popular among most people throughout the world. The main reason is that people know they get the opportunity（机会）to save money. But in order to buy things at the lowest prices, you need to follow certain tips.      

　Use the Internet. You have more shopping areas by shopping online. You can go to many online stores. You are able to see various products with different prices in them. Through going online, you can compare the products’ prices and qualities（质量）.

　Use online coupons(优惠券). By using these coupons, you can even expect a discount (折扣) of 50% on what you want to buy. There are many websites that offer these coupons and they have different kinds of goods for you.

　Shop at the right time. It is a known fact that there are certain items that go on sale in certain months of the year. Keep an eye on such sales and visit the store only during those particular times of the year in order to receive the best offers.

　Use a shopping list. By acquiring the habit of writing a shopping list, you will always remember to buy the things you want. If you just enter a store and start buying things that you are interested in, you will probably end buying many cheap things that you may not need.

　Take part in online auctions（拍卖）. If you are familiar with online shopping, you should take part in online auctions. Some websites such as e-bay offer auctions and give you the opportunity to buy products at low prices.

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In a recent business magazine article, a president said, Laughter in the workplace is a waste of time. This is a place to do business, not to laugh, some researchers, however, disagree with his words. As scientists have learned more about the brain, they’ve discovered that smiles and laughter stimulate the brain, which can help increase happiness and reduce pain.

   Why do we need laughter in our lives? Laughter is a powerful tool for our health．In a number of studies that were carried out, it was shown that people who are more humorous have stronger immune systems(免疫系统)while people who feel stressed have weaker immune systems．Humor can help make your immune systems stronger

    Here are some tips to add more humor to your life：

   ·Laugh at yourself. Don’t  take yourself too seriously. Have a positive attitude towards yourself and your worries will become lighter too.

     ·Don’t  worry why people laugh--just appreciate it．Be funny．Look for the humorous side of and otherwise difficult situation．

    ·Prepare a first-aid laughter source．11Iis could include books，cartoons，CDs or videos．Write down the amusing things that happen and save them for a sad day．

    ·Be open to silly things．Humor the child within yourself．

   ·Laugh with others for what they do，rather than what they are．

   Research has shown that laughter is indeed the best medicine，so make time for humor now．

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My name is Clara.I still remember that chilly December day,sitting in science class.I’d finished a worksheet early and picked up a TIME for Kids magazine. A piece of news caught my eye:NASA was holding an essay contest to name its Mars rover(火星探测器).Before I even knew anything else about it,a single word flooded my 11-year-old mind,Curiosity.

　I couldn’t want for the bell to ring so I could get started on my essay.That afternoon,I raced home,sat down at the computer,and typed until my fingers ached. “Curiosity is an everlasting flame that burns in everyone’s mind...”

　　Five months later, my mom received a phone call,and immediately, a wide smile spread across her face.

　　On August 5,2012,at 10:31 p.m,the rover named Curiosity touched down safely on the surface of Mars,and I was honored to have a front-row seat in NASA.

Curiosity is such an important part of who I am.I have always been fascinated by the stars,the planets,the sky and the universe. I remember as a little girl,my grandmother and I would sit together in the backyard for hours.She’d tell me stories and point out the stars,Grandma lived in China,thousands of miles away from my home in Kansas,but the stars kept us together even when we were apart.They were always there, yet there was so much I didn’t know about them.That’s what I love so much about space.

People often ask me why we go to faraway places like Mares.My answer is simple because we’re curious.We human beings do not just hole up in one place.We are constantly wondering and trying to find out what’s over the hill and beyond the horizon.

(1)How did Clara get the new about the essay contest?( no more than 10 words)

(2)Why did Clara have a front-row seat in NASA?( no more than 10 words)

(3)What does Clara remember about the time spent with Grandma?( no more than 15 words)

(4)What does the underlined phrase “hole up”mean?(1 word)

(5)In your opinion,why is curiosity important?( no more than 20 words)

Do you love nature? Have you considered going for nature walks? If your answer is positive, I am sure you will love to go hiking! What is hiking? Hiking is an outdoor activity, which means walking in the natural environment. It’s regarded as a part of mountaineering, consisting of walking, trekking, climbing up mountains and hiking. It’s a popular sport in the world and a hobby for many sport enthusiasts. Apart from offering great benefit to human health, hiking also serve as an excellent means of recreation.

Hiking is given different names in different parts of the world. In the United Kingdom, it’s known as “hill walking”. In Australia it’s called “bush walking” while in the African continent, the sport is given the Raffle, “trekking”.

Hiking offers great health benefits like losing weight and reducing risk of heart diseases. It helps the hikers maintain good health. Threats to personal safety, attack by animals and physical injuries are some of the risks in hiking. They can be overcome by taking proper safety measures.

Hiking can be enjoyable only if proper safety measures are taken. It’s important for the hikers to wear comfortable shoes. Wearing proper clothes can help the hikers fight the weather change. Carrying enough water is advisable. Remember to start slowly and speed up gradually. Watch out for dangerous animals and insects. Carry a sleeping bag for a safe sleep.

Hikers should make sure that their enjoyment does not destroy nature. Large numbers of hikers gathering in popular destinations may cause severe damage of nature. It’s the responsibility of the hikers to safeguard nature, and it’s the major duty of the hikers to safeguard the rare animals and plants by not disturbing their natural environment.

My name is Clara.I still remember that chilly December day,sitting in science class.I’d finished a worksheet early and picked up a TIME for Kids magazine. A piece of news caught my eye:NASA was holding an essay contest to name its Mars rover(火星探测器).Before I even knew anything else about it,a single word flooded my 11-year-old mind,Curiosity.

　I couldn’t want for the bell to ring so I could get started on my essay.That afternoon,I raced home,sat down at the computer,and typed until my fingers ached. “Curiosity is an everlasting flame that burns in everyone’s mind...”

　　Five months later, my mom received a phone call,and immediately, a wide smile spread across her face.

　　On August 5,2012,at 10:31 p.m,the rover named Curiosity touched down safely on the surface of Mars,and I was honored to have a front-row seat in NASA.

Curiosity is such an important part of who I am.I have always been fascinated by the stars,the planets,the sky and the universe. I remember as a little girl,my grandmother and I would sit together in the backyard for hours.She’d tell me stories and point out the stars,Grandma lived in China,thousands of miles away from my home in Kansas,but the stars kept us together even when we were apart.They were always there, yet there was so much I didn’t know about them.That’s what I love so much about space.

People often ask me why we go to faraway places like Mares.My answer is simple because we’re curious.We human beings do not just hole up in one place.We are constantly wondering and trying to find out what’s over the hill and beyond the horizon.

(1)How did Clara get the new about the essay contest?( no more than 10 words)

(2)Why did Clara have a front-row seat in NASA?( no more than 10 words)

(3)What does Clara remember about the time spent with Grandma?( no more than 15 words)

(4)What does the underlined phrase “hole up”mean?(1 word)

(5)In your opinion,why is curiosity important?( no more than 20 words)

Stress is a condition that arises due to tension and other related factors. Although modem life has brought about many positive changes in our lives. yet there is one thing it has contributed greatly to, and that is mental and physical stress. Many stressful situations arise in our everyday life and in such situations it becomes hard to remain calm. There are various tips and techniques that can help one overcome stress.

One of the most advocated stress management techniques is breathing exercises. It can be done at any time of the day and at any place. Irregular, shallow breathing is observed when a person is stressed. So one must concentrate or their breathing pattern and try to take deep and regular breaths. Deep breathing is one of the best ways to alleviate stress. When a person takes deep breaths, an extra amount of oxygen enters the body. This inflow (流入) of oxygen helps in relaxing the muscles ,of the body, calming the mind as well as waking up the brain. thereby easing the person's stress that he is going through.

A well-balanced diet is crucial for maintaining healthy and helping to manage stress. A healthy diet involves all the essential nutrition in adequate amounts. Eating a good, healthy and nutritious breakfast is a good way to start your day and keep the energy levels up throughout the day. Eating five small meals instead of three large ones help in keeping a person energized too.     

The most important of all stress management activities is to manage one's time well. To do this, planning ahead is very essential. Doing the most important tasks first, followed by the lesser important ones. will help too. By being consistent with one's work will help in better time management.

Besides the above activities, it is very important that a person gets adequate sleep every day to stay energized throughout the day. Besides, one should also take steps to prevent stress. All these can help to reduce stress and yield positive outcomes.

(1)What stress management tips are mentioned in the passage? (No more than 10 words)

(2)What does the underlined word "alleviate" in paragraph 2 mean? (No more than 10 words)

(3)What are the benefits of deep breaths? (No more than 15 words)

(4)What is a healthy diet? (No more than 15 words)

(5)How can you deal with your stress?(No more than 20 words)

 If you are out in woods and suddenly realize that you can't remember which direction you came from, it means that you are lost! Don't panic. Here are some tips on how to survive in the wild.

  One of the most important tips on how to survive in the wild is to be able to find water. First, look for surface water like rivers, streams or lakes. When lost in the wild, try to move to low-lying areas. You are sure to find water on low-lying land as water always flows from higher levels to lower levels. Healthy and strong green vegetation is also a good sign of presence of water.

  The type of shelter that you find or you can make depends upon the climate and the area's natural features. If there is a cave, make sure that it is not home to some wild animal. You could stay around the mouth of the cave during dusk as an animal living in the cave would either go inside the cave or move out in search of food this time. If the cave is not large enough to be home to a large animal, throw some stones inside the cave. If there are snakes or small creatures in the cave, they will come out when stones are thrown in.

  Stick to known plant specimens(样品) like fruits while looking for food in the wild. A good idea is to see what animals eat. If the food is safe for them, it should be safe for human beings as well. Search for roots of edible plants like wild onions and carrots. Design a piece of equipment to catch rabbits as they are an important source of proteins (蛋白质). You could also consider fishing if there is a water source close by.

We are all busy talking about and using the Internet, but how many of us know the history of the Internet?

Many people are surprised when they find that the Internet was set up in 1969. At that time, computers were large and expensive. Computer networks didn’t work well. If one computer in the network broke down, then the whole network stopped. It should be good enough to be used by many different computers. If a part of the network was not working, information could be sent through another part. In this way computer network would keep on working all the time. So a new network system had to be set up.

At first the Internet was only used by the government, but in the early 1970s, universities, hospitals and banks were allowed to use it, too. However, computers were still very expensive and the Internet was difficult to use. By the start of 1990s, computers became cheaper and easier to use. Scientists had developed software that made surfing more convenient.

Today it is easy to get online and it is said that millions of people use the Internet every day. Sending emails is more and more popular among students.

The Internet now becomes one of the most important parts of people’s life.

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Sam Walton, the founder of Wal-Mart, was born in Kingfish, Oklahoma on March 29, 1918. He was raised in Missouri where he worked in his father’s store while attending school. This was his first retailing (零售业) experience and he really enjoyed it. After graduation, he began his own career as a retail merchant.

He soon opened his first Wal-Mart store in 1962 in Rogers,Arkansas. Wal-Mart specialized in name brands at low prices and Sam Walton was surprised at the success. Soon a chain of Wal-Mart stores sprang up across rural America.

Walton’s management style was popular with employees and he founded some of the basic concepts of management that are still in use today.

After taking the company public in 1970, Walton introduced his “profit sharing plan”. The profit sharing plan was a plan for Wal-Mart employees to improve their income dependent on the profits of the store. Sam Walton believed that “individuals don’t win, teams do”. Employees at Wal-Mart stores were offered stock options (认股权) and store discounts. These benefits are commonplace today, but Walton was among the first to implement (实现) them. Walton believed that a happy employee meant happy customers and more sales. He also believed that by giving employees a part of the company and making their success dependent on the company’s success, they would care about the company.

By the 1980s, Wal-Mart had sales of over one billion dollars and over three hundred stores acrossNorth America. Wal-Mart’s unique decentralized (分散的) distribution system, also Walton’s idea, created the edge needed to further encourage growth in the 1980s during growing complaints that the “superstore” was stopping smaller and traditional stores from developing. By 1991, Wal-Mart was the largest US retailer with 1,700 stores. Walton remained active in managing the company, as president and CEO until 1988 and chairman until his death. He was awarded the Medal of Freedom shortly before his death.

［1］When we were children, it seemed that father knew everything. When we grew up and father became older, sometimes we quarreled about our own views. So I try several ways to get on well with father.

［2］Remember the age of father. Being aware of father’s age will help us to understand him better. He has lived in the years when attitudes towards matters, such as poverty, unemployment, higher education, were quite different from those in our time. Thus it is impossible for him to change mind totally.

［3］Listen to father. As we grew up, what our father has told us often sounds not sophisticated(圆滑的)enough from the world we live in today. Yet I have found that sometimes the words that my father told me long time ago are quite useful. If father knows we respect his point of view, even if we do not share it, it will help him feel close to us.

［4］Remember that father has a past. When he was young, he lived a hard life. He came from remote village. How to stay in a strange city and how to earn money are problems he met first. He must work hard and face all kinds of difficulties. Full of wisdom, courage and hope,he worked hard and succeededat last. It is a part of his life that must have affected him deeply.

［5］Accept personality(个性，品格) from father. Most of us have mixed feelings about taking after our father. We might feel fine about it when we are considering his admirable qualities. But we have realized that we and our fathers share those characteristics we do not admire. Accepting what we have inherited(继承)is important.

［6］Adopting any approach to get on well with our father is the issue of how we manage ourselves. We should keep a sense of humor with our father. Remember we will have our own child and surely we will be parents. Accepting and understanding our father is a part of our life.

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But we have come to know we both have the same features, even if we do not like them.

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