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            • 1． If you are in a crowd，the first and most important thing is to make yourself familiar with your surroundings and mentally notice alternate exits．（16） ______
              Make yourself aware of the type of ground you are standing on，and know that in a crowd of moving people wet or uneven ground can be slippery or hazardous，causing you to fall．
              （17） ______ When in danger，a few seconds can make all the difference，giving you the possibility of taking advantage of escaping route．Always stay closer to the escape route．
              If you find yourself in the middle of a moving crowd，do not fight against the pressure，do not stand still or sit down，because you could easily get trampled．（18） ______
              Take advantage of any space that may open up to move sideways to the crowd movement where the flow is weaker．
              Keep your hands up by your chest，like a boxer-it gives you movement and protects your chest．（19） ______ If you cannot get up because you are injured，get someone to pull you back up．If you have kids，lift them up．
              If you fall and cannot get up，keep moving by crawling in the same direction of the crowd，or if that is not possible，then cover your head with your arms and curl up into fetal position．（20） ______
              A．Be aware of the general atmosphere of the event，as panic situations can often be expected．
              B．There is always space between people．
              C．Do not lie on your stomach or back，as this dangerously exposes your lungs．
              D．The worst is to be pushed by the crowd against an immovable object
              E．If you fall，get up quickly．
              F．No matter where you are，make sure you always know how to get out．
              G．Instead，move in the same direction of the crowd．
              难度：较易
              解析 收藏 试题篮
            • 2． Surprising ways to beat stress
              We all have times when we feel like we're under too much pressure．Many things strike us beyond our control．With an annoying mix of late trains，missed appointments and work deadlines，many of us are living in a constant state of stress．Experts warn，our modern lifestyles mean that stress is almost continuous，and comes without the natural release that either fighting or fleeing might provide．（36） ______ Conditions vary from mood swings to anxiety，irritability，nervousness and tiredness．In extreme cases，it can even cause headaches，muscle cramps，and digestive problems．But there are a number of things we can do to manage the symptoms．
              •（37） ______
              Balancing blood sugar is essential in lowering stress．To maintain its level，you can try to have one small meal every two-to-three hours that contains protein，for example，breakfast，lunch and dinner plus a mid-morning and mid-afternoon snack．In this case，your blood sugar will be steady．（38） ______
              •Laugh as you like
              （39） ______ Many studies show that laughter boosts our energy，decreases stress hormones，improves immunity and lessens pains．Try to find humour in life and engage in activities that make you laugh．Don't feel guilty about doing what you love．It will work its magic in your body．
              •Schedule your work out timing
              It could be the time，rather than the way that determines how effective your workouts would be．（40） ______ Do energy-forming exercises like running or aerobics（有氧运动） in the morning，and milder activities in the evening．Try a walk at the end of the day to calm your mind and stretch your muscles．
              A．Adapt your exercise routine to the biological clock．
              B．Eat little and often．
              C．These things are activated by laughing．
              D．So will your mood swings．
              E．Living with it can lead to a whole range of health problems．
              F．Laughter is the best medicine．
              G．The aim of exercise is to boost your energy．
              难度：较易
              解析 收藏 试题篮
            • 3． Attraction of the Minions
              When it comes to film，people usually favor good over evil，focus on the hero and ignore the supporting characters．（36） ______
              Originally comedic background characters in the film Despicable Me （卑鄙的我），these yellow pill-shaped nuts，have totally stolen the show and turned into a popular figure．
              This summer the characters debuted （首演） in their own self-titled movie in theaters abroad，having the second biggest opening weekend of all time for a cartoon film according to USA Today．Recently，McDonald's has been including Minion toys with kids'meals in some areas，causing loyal fans to flock to the restaurant to collect them all．（37） ______
              The movie's huge popularity even surprised its writers．"We never knew the Minions were going to be so popular．It just became a force of nature，"the film's co-writer Cinco Paul told the Los Angeles Times．
              （38） ______ For many，the appeal is obviously their cuteness．Their simple nature can easily surpass cultures and age groups．Even children can draw them．Thousands of examples of fan-made Minion art from fingernails to Halloween clothes are visible on global social media platforms．
              But there's more to the phenomenon than just cuteness．US entertainment website Hit Fix explains that their way of communicating makes the creatures influential as well．（39） ______ But it seems everyone can understand them through their exaggerated（夸张的） movements and expressions．
              More importantly，their childlike mannerisms is a brand of humor that wins hearts．"Clumsy，foolish Minions are recognized as the ultimate B personalities，"wrote Peter Debruge of US entertainment magazine Variety．
              They desire nothing more than to serve their most despicable master．（40） ______ "Perhaps we love Minions because they remind us of ourselves，"Huffington Post associate Web editor Sara Boboltz wrote，"or an evil version of ourselves．"

              A．So what makes the banana-loving Minions a big hit？
              B．Besides，their childlike manner entertains fans more．
              C．And this evil characteristic arouses sympathy among humans．
              D．Related video games，toys and other goods are sweeping the world．
              E．Minions is a 2015American 3D computer-animated family comedy film．
              F．But when it comes to the Minions，these conventions （惯例） go right out the window．
              G．The largely speak in nonsense words with the occasional recognizable terms like"potato"．
              难度：较易
              解析 收藏 试题篮
            • 4． Part of the challenge in becoming better at a teaching job is getting to know the range of tools available．The following information focuses on what materials and equipment are available to make language teaching more effective．
              The dictionary
              The dictionary is a very handy tool．（36） ______ But sometimes，it can be in a large enough size to sit down for dinner at!They can be in hard or soft covers，corpus or non-corpus based，in book，pocket computer or CD-ROM form．
              The board
              The board is another standard piece of equipment that we may use often．There are all sort s of boards，such as flannel boards and black and green boards．（37） ______ Whiteboards of all sizes，from no bigger than a poster to those covering an entire wall，can be available in the market．
              The box of rods
              Apart from the above two common tools，the rods are slightly more unusual in the tool box．Manufactured by the Cuisenaire Company and originally used for teaching maths，rods are little sticks in ten different colors．（38） ______
              The picture pack
              （39） ______ You can select them for their beauty，strangeness，humor or other reasons．A picture pack can be used to review vocabulary，play guessing game，create stories and so on．（40） ______
              The music tape
              Music is universal．Ask students to listen with their eyes closed and see what mental pictures they get．Not only can it create a good learning environment，but also it makes students more imaginative．

              A．Collect about 50pictures cut from magazines．
              B．Whiteboards are particularly used most．
              C．Dictionary is very important in learning language．
              D．Usually，dictionaries can be in a small pocket size．
              E．In this way，students can study more effectively．
              F．A picture pack is lightweight and portable．
              G．Later，they became popular in language teaching．
              难度：较易
              解析 收藏 试题篮
            • 5．

              Four Habits to Help You Succeed
                  We all want to succeed, whether it’s in losing weight or learning the guitar. For those who have tried and failed, success seems difficult to understand. Why does one person succeed where another person fails?   (1)  
                  Identify your core values.
                  Finding your core values is in line with creating inner motivation.    (2)  Pick a handful of things and actually write them down. Remind yourself of your values every day, and reflect on whether you are honoring those values through your work.
                  Pick a goal and focus on it.
                  Choose one goal to start something large enough that will give you a sense of accomplishment, while adjusting well to your core values. Focus is key here.   (3)  If you perform many tasks at a time, you might never complete your projects because they will take far too long.
                  Set a deadline for success.
                  Set a date for success. Identify when you hope to achieve your goal.    (4)  By setting a time limit, you are making the process more real.
                     (5)  
                  Failure can’t be avoided when you take risks, by its very definition, the desire to succeed means you are risking failure. Many people tend to give up far too early. Don’t fall into this trap! Remember your mindset earlier. Know it will happen. A failure is merely you working out the details, and learning what works and what doesn’t. Use failure. Treat it as a good thing, and march on!

              (1) ________
              A. Stick to your goal.
              B. Make the right decision.
              C. Sit and reflect on what you value most.
              D. Keep it realistic, while not giving you too much time.
              E. Push yourself to be courageous, and take the next step.
              F. I’ve made a list of four habits to help set goals and achieve them.
              G. The more focused you are on one goal, the higher chance you have of success.
              (2) ________
              A. Stick to your goal.
              B. Make the right decision.
              C. Sit and reflect on what you value most.
              D. Keep it realistic, while not giving you too much time.
              E. Push yourself to be courageous, and take the next step.
              F. I’ve made a list of four habits to help set goals and achieve them.
              G. The more focused you are on one goal, the higher chance you have of success.
              (3) ________
              A. Stick to your goal.
              B. Make the right decision.
              C. Sit and reflect on what you value most.
              D. Keep it realistic, while not giving you too much time.
              E. Push yourself to be courageous, and take the next step.
              F. I’ve made a list of four habits to help set goals and achieve them.
              G. The more focused you are on one goal, the higher chance you have of success.
              (4) ________
              A. Stick to your goal.
              B. Make the right decision.
              C. Sit and reflect on what you value most.
              D. Keep it realistic, while not giving you too much time.
              E. Push yourself to be courageous, and take the next step.
              F. I’ve made a list of four habits to help set goals and achieve them.
              G. The more focused you are on one goal, the higher chance you have of success.
              (5) ________
              A. Stick to your goal.
              B. Make the right decision.
              C. Sit and reflect on what you value most.
              D. Keep it realistic, while not giving you too much time.
              E. Push yourself to be courageous, and take the next step.
              F. I’ve made a list of four habits to help set goals and achieve them.
              G. The more focused you are on one goal, the higher chance you have of success.
              难度：较难
              解析 收藏 试题篮
            • 6． Five activities you can practice easily on Earth Day
              Leave your cars at home
              Cars，being the greatest source of air pollution，can be left at home this weekend．（36） ______ Other greener options are carpooling，riding a bike or you can also walk if you want a healthier option and if your workplace is not that far away from your home．
              Be a little dirty
              （37） ______ We simply mean to say，don't take a bath．Yes，conservation of water is super essential．A day or two without a bath won't harm you，but it will certainly do a lot of good to our planet．A daily shower isn't a matter of health； it's a matter of comfort．Showering every day can wash away the natural oils that our skin and hair need．
              （38） ______
              This is one of the best things you can do．Why？Because it will do you good too．Join other like-minded individuals in a common task．If you have the time，there are lots of opportunities out there to pitch in，for instance，planting trees，cleaning a park or simply coming up with ways you can preserve mother Earth．
              Green-up your home
              This is one of the most common things that people do whenever Earth Day rolls around，that is，switch off their lights．（39） ______ Conserve energy by switching off all power and/or electricity points whenever they are not in use．In addition，take out all the plugs from plug points even after switching them off．
              Pledge（保证）to do more every day
              You know what the best way to celebrate Earth Day is？Extend your celebrations．That's right!Do something every day that will improve your surroundings to make the planet a better place to live in．（40） ______
              The future of our planet is in your hands!

              A．Volunteer yourself．
              B．Turn down the heat．
              C．No，we don't mean it"that"way．
              D．Travelling via public transport is the better option．
              E．Always remember that every step，every little bit counts．
              F．However，this is not something you should do just for a day and for only an hour．
              G．Our product choices，packaging and recycling are all areas that affect our homes．
              难度：较易
              解析 收藏 试题篮
            • 7． Creating a good study environment takes a little planning．It is well worth the time as the end result will be much productive study time．Many people fail to do this and wonder why they cannot concentrate．After a couple of times of studying the right way，most people will be surprised at how much they can actually enjoy studying．（16） ______
              Know that concentration is the key．Reduce every possible distraction．Turn off the television and go in an area where you will not be interrupted by people．（17） ______ If you are studying on your computer，don't get distracted by emails and social networking sites．
              （18） ______ If it is too dim（暗），your eyes will be strained and leave you tired and wanting to close your eyes．Sun is a light that naturally wakes you up and helps you think．
              Choose a comfortable seat．（19） ______ Now a couch can work just fine for this as long as you don't find yourself laying flat after a few minutes．The whole point of studying is to be able to concentrate on the study matter and not on a sore back．
              （20） ______ Now this is for the person who needs the background noise to tone out all the little noises of life going on．If you find yourself thinking about the song then maybe silence is better for you．
              Keep something to drink and snack on close by to keep your blood sugar stable．Obviously sugary foods will give you a quick rush but you will also have a quick low afterward．
              A．Learn more to make study environment different．
              B．Turn on some music．
              C．If you can，turn off your cell phone．
              D．Find a place that is proper to read．
              E．It should have a good back support and a good feeling．
              F．Some people can study with lots of activities going on．
              G．Read on to learn how to create a good study environment．
              难度：较易
              解析 收藏 试题篮
            • 8．

              Everyone wants to succeed in their life, donˈt they?   36    It really isnˈt that hard. Follow the steps below, and you can have a successfulteenage life!

              ● Do well in school.

              Try your best, listen to the teachers, do your homework, study, and get good grades.  37    And a better education will help you to get a great job in the future.

              ● Do something good in your community.

              If you like helping people, volunteer at a soup kitchen. If you love helping the environment, plant trees or pick up garbage.   38   Youˈre making a big difference in the world, and above all, having lots of voluntary hours will make your resume (简历) more attractive!

              ●   39  

              Remember theyˈre there to help you be the best that you can be. Respect them and value their opinions, even if they annoy you sometimes. Keep in mind that they do the things because they care about you and want you to succeed in life.

              ● Have good friends to help you out!

              Friends are there to support you and lift your spirits.   40    And create a group of supportive, loving friends that can help you succeed in life. Find a few really good friends that will stick with you once you leave high school.

              A．Do what you love.

              B．Be nice to your parents and teachers.

              C．Be with people who make you happy.

              D．This could be your job for the rest of your life.

              E．Doing so will help you get into a better university.

              F．Even as a teenager, you can achieve success in your life.

              G．When you help others, it will make you feel better about yourself.

              难度：中等
              解析 收藏 试题篮
            • 9． The Bystander Effect
              The term bystander effect refers to the phenomenon in which the greater the number of people present，the less likely people are to help a person in distress．When an emergency situation occurs，observers are more likely to take action if there are few or no other witnesses．Being part of a large crowd makes it so no single person has to take responsibility for an action （or inaction）．
              The most frequently cited example of the bystander effect in introductory psychology textbooks is the brutal murder of a young woman named Catherine"Kitty"Genovese．On Friday，March 13，1964，28-year-old Genovese was returning home from work．As she approached her apartment entrance，she was attacked and stabbed by a man later identified as Winston Moseley．
              Despite Genovese's repeated calls for help，none of the dozen or so people in the nearby apartment building who heard her cries called police to report the incident．The attack first began at 3：20AM，but it was not until 3：50AM that someone first contacted police．
              While Genovese's case has been subject to numerous misrepresentations and inaccuracies，there have been numerous other cases reported in recent years．The bystander effect can clearly have a powerful impact on the general conduct of people in a society，but why exactly does it happen？Why don't we help when we are part of a crowd？
              There are several factors that contribute to the bystander effect．First，the presence of other people creates a diffusion of responsibility．Because there are other observers，individuals do not feel as much pressure to take action，since the responsibility to take action is thought to be shared among all of those present．
              The second reason is the need to behave in correct and socially acceptable ways．When other observers fail to react，individuals often take this as a signal that a response is not needed or not appropriate．Other researchers have found that onlookers are less likely to intervene if the situation is ambiguous．In the case of Kitty Genovese，many of the 38witnesses reported that they believed that they were witnessing a"lover's quarrel，"and did not realize that the young woman was actually being murdered．
              Characteristics of the situation can play a role．During a crisis，things are often chaotic and the situation is not always crystal clear．Onlookers might wonder exactly what is happening．During such chaotic moments，people often look to others in the group to determine what is appropriate．When people look at the crowd and see that no one else is reacting，it sends a signal that perhaps no action is needed．
              So what can you do to avoid falling into this trap of inaction？Some psychologists suggest that simply being aware of this tendency is perhaps the greatest way to break the cycle．When faced with a situation that requires action，understanding how the bystander effect might be holding you back and consciously taking steps to overcome it can help．However，this does not mean you should place yourself in danger．
              But what if you are the person in need of assistance？How can you inspire people to lend a hand？One often-recommended tactic is to single out one person from the crowd．Make eye contact and ask that individual specifically for help．By personalizing and individualizing your request，it becomes much harder for people to turn you down．
              The Bystander Effect
              Passage outline Supporting details
              Concept of the
              bystander effect
              The bystander effect occurs when the presence of others keeps an individual
              from becoming （71） ______ in an emergency situation．

              It is obvious that the bystander effect can greatly influence（72） ______ behavior．
              Typical example In 1964，a young woman named Genovese met with violence and her life was
              （73） ______ outside her apartment，while bystanders who observed the
              crime did not step in to assist or call the police．
              （74） ______
              for the bystander
              effect
              Individuals are less likely to take action or feel a sense of （75） ______ in
              front of a large group of people．

              Before deciding to offer help，observers may want to make（76） ______ that
              it is appropriate to react．Besides，there is a natural （77） ______ for people
              to follow the crowd before the situation is clear．
              （78） ______ of
              the bystander
              effect
              You should realize or know the （79） ______ of the bystander effect and take
              measures to get rid of it．

              When in need of help，you should （80） ______ one from the crowd，which
              Will increase your chance of getting your request across and being helped．
              难度：较易
              解析 收藏 试题篮
            • 10． Are you new to experiencing relationships？Well，let me give you advice on how to have a healthy relationship with your partner．
              （1）Be an honest person with them．Do not hide things from them，do not lie．Don't be afraid to say things that isn't very flattering about yourself．Getting them to trust you is the most important element in any relationship．If there's no trust，there's nothing there．（36） ______
              （2）Make sure you give them respect．Now respect isn't just simply treating her or him nicely．（37） ______ You have to learn to adjust to their liking．Basically，learn to study your partners moods，wants，and needs．
              Don't just think about yourself，think about what your partner needs out of it as well．
              （3）Make sure you are encouraging to your partner．Always be willing to help them and give them honesty and positivity at the same time．Make them feel you are someone they can really count on and build a future with．（38） ______
              Make sure you have a good sense of humor with them．Laughter is the key to happiness．Laugh a lot with them，joke with them．Laughter may seem silly，but it's the secret to a lot in life．It will keep the sparks alive．（39） ______
              Make sure the communication is good．This usually goes along with trust，but always communicate how you feel，even if it's something that upsets you．（40） ______ If they did something that made you unhappy，tell them about it in a respectful manner．It's important to communicate this to them，not keep it bottled up．

              A．There's a lot more to it．
              Show them your personality．
              C．Instead of screaming，talk to them．
              D．Laughter keeps the relationship strong and lasting．
              E．So please be honest and they'll learn to open up to you．
              F．Don't start to neglect them and make them feel unwanted．
              G．Your partner has to be able to count on you when needed．
              难度：较易
              解析 收藏 试题篮
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