1． An Extension of the Human Brain
   Other people can help us compensate for our mental and emotional deficiencies （欠缺），much as a wooden leg can compensate for a physical deficiency．To be exact，other people can extend our intelligence and help us understand and adjust our emotions．When another person helps us in such ways，he or she is participating in what I’ve called a“social prosthetic （义肢的）system．”Such systems do not need to operate face-to-face，and it’s clear to me that the Internet is expanding the range of my own social prosthetic systems．It’s already a big bank of many minds．Even in its current state，the Internet has extended my memory and judgment．
Regarding memory：Once I look up something on the Internet，I don’t need to keep all the details for future use-I know where to find that information again and can quickly and easily do so．More generally，the Internet functions as if it were my memory．This function of the Internet is particularly striking when I’m writing； I’m no longer comfortable writing if I’m not connected to the Internet．It’s become natural to check facts as I write，taking a minute or two to dip into PubMed，Wikipedia，or other websites．
Regarding judgment：The Internet has made me smarter in matters small and large．For example，when I’m writing a textbook，it has become second nature to check a dozen definitions of a key term，which helps me dig into the core and understand its meaning．But more than that，I now regularly compare my views with those of many others．If I have a“new idea，”I now quickly look to see whether somebody else has already thought of it，or something similar-and I then compare what I think with what others have thought．This certainly makes my own views clearer．Moreover，I can find out whether my reactions to an event are reasonable enough by reading about those of others on the Internet．
These effects of the Internet have become even more striking since I’ve begun using a smartphone．I now regularly pull out my phone to check a fact，watch a video，read weibo．Such activities fill the spaces that used to be dead time （such as waiting for somebody to arrive for a lunch meeting）．
But that’s the upside （好处）．The downside is that in those dead periods I often would let my thoughts flow and sometimes would have an unexpected insight or idea．Those opportunities are now fewer and farther between．

An  Extension of the Human Brain
A  prosthetic nature	●The （71）    can help make up for our mental and emotional deficiencies as a wooden leg can compensate for a bodily deficiency． ●It（72）    in our daily events extending our intelligence， Comprehending our feelings，and expanding the range of social Activities．
Wonderful aspects Memory and judgment	●On the Internet，we could quickly and easily locate the details，and check facts，without（73）    them in mind．
	●The internet makes us smarter over（74）    kinds of things．It provides a dozen definitions of a key term for us to find the （75）    of the matter． ●The Internet enables us to exchange ideas with many others to （76）    our claims，and to （77）    our actions．
The （78）    sides of smartphones	●Smartphones make it easier and more （79）    to check reality，watch video clips，read uxibo．
	●Smartphones（80）    the possibility for new and insightful minds，and steal away our dead time．

2．

Life comes in a package. This package includes happiness and sorrow, failure and success, hope and despair. Life is a learning process. Experiences in life teach us new lessons and make us a better person. With each passing day we learn to handle various situations.

Love

Love plays a pivotal role on our life. Love makes you feel wanted. Without love a person could go hayward and also become cruel and ferocious. In the early stage of our life, our parents are the ones who shower us with unconditional love and care, they teach us about what is right and wrong, good and bad. But we always tend to take this for granted. It is only after marriage and having kids that a person figures out and becomes sensitive to others’ feelings. Kids make a person responsible and mature and help us to understand life better.

Happiness and Sorrow

Materialistic happiness is short-lived, but happiness achieved by bringing a smile on others’ face gives a certain level of fulfillment. Peace of mind is the main link to happiness. No mind is happy without peace. We realize the true worth of happiness when we are in sorrow. Sorrow is basically due to death of a loved one, failure and despair. But these things are temporary and pass away.

Failure and Success

Failure is the path to success. It helps us to touch the sky, teaches us to survive and shows us a specific way. Success brings in money, fame, pride and self-respect. Here it becomes very important to keep our head on out shoulder. The only way to be grateful to God for bestowing success on us is by being humble, modest, courteous and respectful to the less fortunate ones.

Hope and Despair

Hope is what keeps life going. Parents always hope their children will do well. Hope makes us dream. Hope builds in patience. Life teaches us not to despair even in the darkest hour, because after every night there is a day. Nothing remains the same we have only one choice keep moving on in life and be hopeful. Life teaches us not to regret over yesterday, for it has passed and is beyond our control. Tomorrow is unknown, for it could either be bright or dull. So the only alternative is to work hard today, so that we will enjoy a better tomorrow.

General introduction	●Life is a package, including happiness and sorrow, failure and success, hope and despair. ●Experiences in life make us (71) ________ than before. ●With each passing day we learn to handle (72) ________ of situations.
Love	●Love makes you feel wanted. ●Our parents teach us to (73) ________ right from wrong and shower us with unconditional love and care, which we take for (74) ________. ●Without kids, a person wouldn’t have a good (75) ________ of others’ feelings and would be (76) ________ and irresponsible.
Happiness and Sorrow	●Short-lived (77) ________ materialistic happiness is, happiness achieved by bringing a smile on others’ face gives a certain level of fulfillment. ●Sorrow is basically due to death of a loved one, failure and despair which do not (78) ________ for a long time and pass away.
Failure and Success	●Failure teaches us to survive and shows us a specific way. Success brings in money, fame, pride and self-respect. ●The only way to show our (79) ________ to God for bestowing success on us is by being humble.
Hope and Despair	●Hope is what keeps life going and makes us dream. Hope builds in patience. ●Life teaches us not to despair even in the darkest hour, because nothing remains (80) ________.
Conclusion	Life teaches us not to regret over yesterday and the only alternative is to work hard today, so that we will enjoy a better tomorrow.

3．

Students should join in variousschool-related activities. These activities caninclude activities during normal school hours andafter-school activities. These activities should beavailable to every student, and it is suggested thatevery student should join in at least one of them.

One of the primary reasons school activitiesare important is that they give students theexercise they might not get at home. Of course,this type of activity is usually done after school.The most popular activities of this kind include

major sports such as football, basketball, baseball,tennis, and soccer. After-school programs such asthe Boys and Girls Club are ideal in a schooldistrict as they are the easiest way for students toget exercise.

Activities during and after school also helpstudents make a good impression on colleges ifthey plan to enter higher education. Colleges lookfor students who do not just go to school and gohome after school. Instead, they look for studentswho have good grades while joining inextracurricular(课外的) activities. Theseactivitiesrange(涉及) from joining in clubs andsports to volunteering and having a part-time job.If a college sees youmaintain(保持) good gradeswhile joining in these activities, it will beimpressed.

School activities also allow students to becreative when they otherwise would not have thechance. Activities such as gifted and talentedprograms that allow gifted students to join inactivities they otherwise would never experiencein the classroom are a great way to make studentscreative. Additionally, joining in clubs such asdrama andchorus(合唱团) also allows studentsto gain knowledge and be creative.

Students can also see their interest grow byjoining in other activities. These activities couldconsist of anything, such as the Future BusinessLeaders of America, the school’s debating teamand the chess team. By joining in these activities,students might realize they are interested insomething they never knew they would beinterested in before. For example, if a student hasnever acted before and joins a drama club, he mayfind out he enjoys drama and will develop an

interest in it. This could lead to bigger things forthe student, such as acting in college and beyond.

These types of activities work in everyschool and can benefit every school.

 

The importance of school activities
More (71) _____	● Some of the most (72) _____ games among students are ball games. ● After-school programs such as the Boys and Girls Club in a school districtare the (73) _____ way for students to get the chance to work out.
(74) _____impression	● Colleges prefer students who both do well (75)_____ and take an activepart in extracurricular activities. ● After-school activities can help students (76) _____ out from the crowd.
Creativity	● Activities like gifted and talented programs allow gifted students to gainnew (77) _____ outside the classroom, helping students be creative. ● Clubs like drama and chorus allow students to increase knowledge and becreative.
Growing interest	Activities are likely to make students develop an interest (78) _____ tothem before.
Conclusion	These kinds of activities (79) _____ in every school and are (80) _____doing in every school.

4．
When it comes to being socially successful, the quantity of your relationships is irrelevant. The important thing is the quality of them. I would rather have a small team that works in concert than a big team so scattered（分散的）that nothing ever gets done. It’s better to have a few close friends who love you for who you are than a lot of acquaintances who you’re not so comfortable with.Here are five ways you can make people enjoy being around you.
Be confident, but not cocky.There is a big difference between healthy confidence and arrogant（傲慢的）cockiness. A confident person, when complimented about a wonderful thing they did, would reply with a simple “thank you.” A cocky person would take the opportunity to perform an unscheduled Academy Award acceptance speech. A confident person would offer praise for everybody who contributed to their success. A cocky person would claim all the credit for themselves without a second thought. Cocky people might experience temporary perks, but long-lasting success is a prize reserved for the confident.


Be approachable, but not a pushover.
You should welcome your friends and coworkers with open arms. It’s hard to find a person who will offer a listening ear in time of need, so fulfilling that need will help you become a person people trust. But there can be too much of a good thing. If you find yourself with invitations you’re not that interested in, don’t be afraid to politely reject them. If your schedule becomes occupied by people desiring your attention, set some ground rules and prioritize（优先考虑）. To take care of others, you must first take care of yourself.

Be direct in expression, but not nasty in delivery.
Receiving honesty with no filter （过滤）is like finding a massive glass of ice water during a desert adventure. Speak words of truth, and people will be refreshed to hear them. Most people sugarcoat their opinions, so a willingness to tell it how you see it will win the appreciation of your friends and coworkers. But here’s the catch: delivery is everything. There is a big difference between “Your article sucks” and “I like the general concept, but I think it might play better if you try if from a different angle.” Truth is something you should aim for, but it isn’t a ticket to be nasty to people. To deliver honest and helpful feedback, use this sentence structure: “ I liked (insert positive quality), but I think it would be better if (constructive criticism/ suggestion for improvement).”

Be mindful of your actions, but not absorbed in yourself.
Have you ever found yourself nervous while fielding questions in a job interview or talking to a cute person you have a crush on? So eager to make a positive first impression that you can’t escape the constant stream of thoughts causing you to doubt if you’re saying and doing the right things? As a consequence, you might find yourself so self-absorbed that you can’t focus on what the other person is saying. The less time you spend questioning yourself and the more time you spend actively listening to the other person, the better off you will be.

Be assertive, but not overbearing.
There is a thin line between being assertive and overbearing, so let’s take a look at their definitions.
assertive (adjective): having or showing a confident and forceful personally
overbearing (adjective): unpleasantly or arrogantly domineering （专横的）
An assertive person would confidently (and politely) ask friends or networking contacts for help if they needed it (and hopefully offer to return the favor). An overbearing person would force people to get what they wanted without a second thought about how their actions affected others. Being overbearing will make people avoid you because no one wants to help a pushy person. 
Being assertive will attract people to you, if you can reflect confidence and enthusiasm.
                                   Five Secrets of Socially Successful People

Outline	Details
Brief introduction	The quality of your relationship 72._________ whether you can be socially successful. Having a few truly close friends is what really 73. ________
71._________ to make people enjoy being around you	●  The responses of confident and cocky people 74._________when they are    highly thought of for what they do. Learn to be confident.
	●  Listening to others in need helps you win 75.__________.●  Turning down 76.__________ you show no interest in is acceptable
	●  You will be appreciated if you express your opinions in a 77.___________   manner.
	●  Be mindful of your actions. wanting 78.__________ to impress others will    cause you to fall into self-absorption.
	●  By 79.__________ their definitions, you will see the differences between   “assertive” and “overbearing”. Being overbearing will make people avoid    you 80.__________ being assertive will attract people to you.

5．

A

    These changes only became possible as my memory improved．First it was stored in tubes，then on transistors and later on very small chips．As a result I totally changed my shape．As I have grown older I have also grown smaller．71．________And my memory became so large that even I couldn't believe it！But I was always so lonely standing there by myself，until in the early 1960s

they gave me a family connected by a network．I was able to share my knowledge with others through the World Wide Web．

    Since the 1970s many new applications have been found for me．I have become very important in communication，finance and trade．72．________I have even been put into space rockets and sent to explore the Moon and Mars．73．________I am no wtruly filled with happiness that I am a devoted friend and helper of the human race！

B

    Many musicians meet and forma band because they like to write and play their own music．74．________Sometimes they may play to passers-by in the street or subway so that they can earn some extra money for themselves or to pay for their instruments．75．________Of course they hope to make records in a studio and sell millions of copies to become millionaires！

6．

Directions: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the question or complete the statements with no more than 15 words.

Finland is an innovative (创新的)country when it comes to education. It's consistently one of

the highest performing developed countries on the Program for International Student Assessment (PISA), an important tool for measuring education systems worldwide. Here are some things Finland does differently — and arguably better — than the US when it comes to education.

1  Better standardized tests

Finnish students only take one standardized test during their entire primary and secondary

schooling. By contrast, the US, driven by No Child Left Behind requires students in third through eighth grade to take annual standardized tests to track their performance. Critics claim constant testing doesn't make students any smarter but instead creates a "teaching to the test" environment in schools.

2  More time for play

Students in Finland spend relatively little time on homework, according to the Organization

for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). Finnish students spend 2.8 hours a week on homework. This contrasts noticeably from the 6.1 hours American students spend per week. Finns place a lot of value on free time and play. This "deficit of play" for American students may lead to additional anxiety and other mental health issues, the psychologist and research professor Peter Gray has written.

3 College is free

In Finland, not only are bachelor degree programs completely free of tuition fees, so are

master and doctoral programs. Students pursue higher education goals without the mountains of

student loan debt that many American students face. And the same goes for foreign students. Tuition is free for any student accepted into a college or graduate program in Finland.

4  Elevated teaching profession

In Finland, teaching is one of the most revered professions with a relatively high barrier to

entry. Only one in 10 students who apply to teacher education programs are admitted. Teachers in Finland are treated like professors at universities, and they teach fewer hours during the day than US teachers, with more time devoted to lesson planning. What’s more, they also get paid slightly more in Finland. The average teacher in the US makes about $ 41,000 a year, compared to $ 43,000 in Finland, according to OECD data.

7．

8． Plans kick off soon
For years，Chinese soccer fans have rarely had the chance to cheer for a triumph from the national team．However，hope for Chinese soccer has been ignited （点燃） recently，as the government released an overall reform plan to boost the development of soccer in China on march 16．
By 2025，50000elementary and middle schools will include soccer in the curriculum．According to the plan，students will be given textbooks that teach the positions of players and soccer tactics （战术）．They will also be encouraged to form soccer teams and participate in competitions regularly．The extraordinary young players will be enrolled into local leagues and training camps，helping to build up a large soccer talent pool．
Chinese soccer，with the national team currently ranked at No 83in the world，has been lagging behind many other countries for a long time．Critics say the biggest reason is a lack of a well-built youth training system，which is the key to creating a strong soccer culture，according to the BBC．
Take Spain，a team that has dominated the world of soccer for a long time，as an example．It has the world's best soccer school，La Masia．This FC Barcelona youth academy is widely known for producing skillful and creative soccer talents．Teams in the academy are divided into 12levels，from U8（for players under 8years old） to U19．Its talent scouts （星探） are stationed around the world，always looking for boys who show outstanding potential for soccer．Studying there is free of charge．A talented 10-year-old boy can walk into La Masia and come out eight years later as a superstar．
The rising soccer giant Germany also knows the importance of youth training．Germany scored only one goal at the 2000European Championships，which started a national discussion over why the country could no longer produce good，young players．So in 2001，the German Football League required that all Bundesliga （甲级联赛） clubs set up academies with youth teams from U12to U23．The clubs now spend over 100million on youth development each year．And they have successfully raised the standards of young German players．
In 26-year-old midfielder Thomas Muwller，25year-old midfielder Toni Kroos and 33-year-old full back Philipp Lahm，for instance，the world has witnessed Bayern's youth work paying off handsomely．
"Youth is the key to China's soccer，as late Chinese leader Deng Xiaoping said"but it takes time to gain results，"said President Xi Jinping in 2014，"China's soccer dream looks far away，but we cannot stop．"

（Note：Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN 13WORDS）
78．What is the detail of China's soccer reform plan？    
79．According to critics，why has Chinese soccer been left behind many other countries？    
80．La Masia in Barcelona is well famous for    ．
81．     has raised the young German players．