Jack is a retired worker from Rio de Janeiro. Now he is sharing a   (1)   relationship with a penguin which is native toSouth America’s Patagonian region. For the past five years, the penguin seems to have   (2)   its natural migrating (迁徙) route just in order to be able to   (3)   

Jack several times a year.

The   (4)   friendship began in 2011, when Jack found the bird, nicknamed Jinling, trapped in oil on the beach near his house. He brought the penguin home,   (5)   him up, and offered him a good meal and a shady spot to rest in. Since then, the penguin has   (6)   stayed away from Jack for too   (7)  .

Even if the kind man tried to get the penguin to   (8)   the open sea after he got better, the bird just   (9)   coming back. He even took him out in a boat, far from   (10)   and let him loose in the ocean, but by the time he got back home, Jinling was already waiting for him.

  (11)   penguins migrate thousands of miles between breeding colonies in Patagonia and feeding grounds further north inRio de Janeiro, Jinling doesn’t   (12)    Riofor more than four months at a time. He always runs back to Jack’s little   (13)   by the sea, sometimes spending as long as eight months to a year with the old man. And he is a little   (14)  , too –– it seems that he can’t stand other animals getting anywhere close to his   (15)  .

The local fishermen show their   (16)   of the penguin and they think it’s a great   (17)   not only for Jack himself but also for all the villagers. Jinling has been regarded as the village mascot (吉祥物) since 2012.   (18)  , some are still confused by the   (19)   sight of Jinling walking along with Jack wherever he goes. But they think that penguins must know   (20)  they can repay humans’ kindness.

In our modern world, when something wears out, we throw it away and buy a new one. The   (1)   is that countries around the world have growing mountains of  (2)   because people are throwing out more rubbish than ever before.

How did we  (3)  a throwaway society? First of all, it is now easier to  (4)  an object than to spend time and money to repair it.   (5)   modern manufacturing (制造业) and technology, companies are able to produce products quickly and inexpensively. Products are plentiful and  (6)  .

Another cause is our (7) of disposable (一次性的) products. As   (7)   people, we are always looking for  (8)   to save time and make our lives easier. Companies  (9)   thousands of different kinds of disposable products: paper plates, plastic cups, and cameras, to name a few.

Our appetite for new products also  (10)   to the problem. We are  (11)  buying new things. Advertisements persuade us that  (12)  is better and that we will be happier with the latest products. The result is that we   (13)  useful possessions to make room for new ones.

All around the world, we can see the  (14)  of this throwaway lifestyle. Mountains of rubbish just keep getting bigger. To   (15)   the amount of rubbish and to protect the  (16)  , more governments are requiring people to recycle materials.   (17)  , this is not enough to solve our problem.

Maybe there is another way out. We need to repair our possessions  (18)  throwing them away. We also need to rethink our attitudes about  (19)  . Repairing our possessions and changing our spending habits may be the best way to reduce the amount of rubbish and take care of our environment.

Three years ago, Yuan Xi, a young white-collar worker in Wuhan, China, bought a car and started to drive no matter 16.___she went. Like other people, she bought a car 17.___she could afford it. But now, she likes walking or riding a bike to short-distance places. “Urban transport(城市交通) has developed so 18.___in recent years,” she says. “One bus ride will take 19.___ directly from home to work. Walking and cycling paths have become smoother. Driving less, I’ve 20.___money on gas.”

China was once known 21.___ the “Kingdom of Bicycles”. Today, though, with rapid development, the number of motor vehicles 22.___ growing.

But this has once come at the 23.___ of the environment. More cars mean more 24.___and a greater need for land to be used for parking and driving.

To 25.___more people to use buses, the Wuhan Public Transport Group developed public transport information systems, which 26.___ them to keep an eye on the traffic, the performance of bus drivers or any emergencies on the bus, so that they can 27.___quickly. Besides, but drivers now receive training. As a result, the number of people who take a bus has increased.

The World Bank is also supporting other Chinese 28.___such as Jinzhou, Xi’an and Taiyuan in their quest for(寻求) eco-friendly transport systems and low-carbon (低碳) growth.

It is 29.___that the more people walk, ride bikes, and use public transport in cities, the 30.___pollution and over-crowding people will suffer and the healthier and happier they will be.

In our modern world, when something wears out, we throw it away and buy a new one. The   (1)   is that countries around the world have growing mountains of   (2)   because people are throwing out more rubbish than ever before.

How did we  (3)   a throwaway society? First of all, it is now easier to   (4)  an object than to spend time and money to repair it.  (5)   modern manufacturing (制造业) and technology, companies are able to produce products quickly and inexpensively. Products are plentiful and   (6)  .

Another cause is our   (7)   of disposable (一次性的) products. As   (8)   people, we are always looking for   (9)   to save time and make our lives easier. Companies   (10)  thousands of different kinds of disposable products: paper plates, plastic cups, and cameras, to name a few.

Our appetite for new products also   (11)   to the problem. We are  (12)   buying new things. Advertisements persuade us that   (13)   is better and that we will be happier with the latest products. The result is that we   (14)   useful possessions to make room for new ones.

All around the world, we can see the  (15)   of this throwaway lifestyle. Mountains of rubbish just keep getting bigger. To   (16)  the amount of rubbish and to protect the   (17)  , more governments are requiring people to recycle materials.   (18)  , this is not enough to solve (解决) our problem.

Maybe there is another way out. We need to repair our possessions   (19)   throwing them away. We also need to rethink our attitudes about   (20)  . Repairing our possessions and changing our spending habits may be the best way to reduce the amount of rubbish and take care of our environment.

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

      Thousands of years ago, it was common to see many stars in the sky. 41 this changed with the invention of 42 . Cities have gone brighter, using more lights. And that means most people in urban areas will never see beautiful groups of stars. They will never see a _43_  night sky and never be inspired by it.

     Today, people are 44_ by light ----- even at night time. Much of this light _45_ where it shouldn’t be---it creates light 46_ . For example, a person can put a light outside to shine on his own house. But the light could be so strong that it may 47_ shine on his neighbor’s house. The _48_ light shining on the neighbor’s house is one kind of light pollution.

     But is all this light really a big _49_ ? People need light to see, work and drive safely at night, and for many other things! But scientists say that this extra light has proven _50_ on living creatures---animals and humans.

     One kind of animal _51_ by light pollution is the bird. Many birds travel to a different area of the world to lay eggs, 52_ at night. But lights from tall buildings can _53_ the birds off their natural path. They may also crash into brightly lighted buildings, in danger of losing their _54_.

     Human beings experience problems _55_ light pollution too. Light affects some chemicals in people’s bodies. And people who are continually _56_ to light at night have higher rates of health problems.

     People and animals need light, _57_ they also need darkness. Experts say that people must use light _58_ . Only use the amount of light that you _59_. Don’t think that more light is better light. People also can greatly _60_ light pollution by using well-designed lights, which only shine light where it should be. Using less light and better lighting decisions reduces the energy people use.

We all need a healthy environment.   41,   we produce waste every day and it     42,  harm to our environment. Though we are young, we can still do 43,  to help. In fact, even the simplest everyday activities can make a real   44,  to the environment. Here are some ideas for you to live a 45,  life.

Remember these three   46, : reduce, reuse and recycle.

Reduce means “use less”. Don't   47, things. This saves money and reduces pollution and waste going into the environment. Before we buy something new, think if it is really   48,  or maybe the   49, one will be just as good! When we do buy things, choose local products if possible, and try not to buy too many things from a   50,    country.

Reuse means “use again”. Use things for   51,  possible. When we buy things, make sure that they   52,  a long time. We should take care of them   53,  they will last, and we should   54,  them if we can instead of throwing them away and buying new ones. Don't use a paper cup or a paper bag. It’s better to use a china cup and a lunch box because you can use them   55,  .

Recycle means “change things into something else”. Although it  56,  energy to change something into something else, it’s better than   57,   things or burning them. Find out   58,  can be recycled in your neighborhood and take part in recycling programs. We should also buy  59,   made from recycled materials, such as recycled paper, to help save   60,

     In the north of Scotland there is a lake called Loch Ness. It is the biggest   (1)   in Britain. It is over thirty kilometers long and nearly 300 meters   (2)   . It is cold and dark and not many people went there until after 1930. Then a road was made   (3)   the lake.

     Holiday makers began to use the road, and this was when the   (4)   began. Someone said that he had seen a monster(妖怪) in the lake. He said it was twelve meters long. It had a long   (5)   and a small head. Then someone else said he seen   (6)   . Others said the same thing and in 1933 a London doctor took a   (7)  . It   (8)   like a monster with a long neck and a thick body but the photo was not too   (9)  . The newspaper printed the picture and   (10)   it the Loch Ness monster, or “Nessie”. Then the argument began.   (11)   people, however, were certain there was something living in the lake. Others said there was   (12)   there. In 1961, a lot of people joined together to make a real   (13)   to see and photograph the monster to find   (14)   there was one! Several times people thought they saw something but after ten years there was   (15)   no real proof（证据）.

      Later underwater television cameras were used, but   (16)   found any real proof. However, they   (17)   find something interesting: a huge underwater cave. It was big enough to be   (18)   of a monster, but of course, this was not a proof. In 1975, however, some American scientists   (19)   a search group. They used an underwater camera. It took pictures every seventy seconds. Some of the pictures seemed to show aredbrowncreature. Its body was about four meters long,   (20)   had a very ugly head on the end of a four-meter neck. Many people then began to believe in the monster. But even today we can’t be certain.

In our modern world, when something wears out, we throw it away and buy a new one. The    (1)   is that countries around the world have growing mountains of    (2)    because people are throwing out more rubbish than ever before.

   How did we    (3)   a throwaway society? First of all, it is now easier to    (4)     an object than to spend time and money to repair it.      (5)     modern manufacturing (制造业) and technology, companies are able to produce products quickly and inexpensively. Products are plentiful and     (6)     .

  Another cause is our     (7)    of disposable (一次性的) products. As    (8)    people, we are always looking for    (9)    to save time and make our lives easier. Companies     (10)   thousands of different kinds of disposable products: paper plates, plastic cups, and cameras, to name a few.

   Our appetite for new products also    (11)    to the problem. We are    (12)    buying new things. Advertisements persuade us that     (13)    is better and that we will be happier with the latest products. The result is that we     (14)     useful possessions to make room for new ones.

   All around the world, we can see the    (15)    of this throwaway lifestyle. Mountains of rubbish just keep getting bigger. To    (16)    the amount of rubbish and to protect the    (17)     , more governments are requiring people to recycle materials.     (18)   , this is not enough to solve our problem.

   Maybe there is another way out. We need to repair our possessions   (19)   throwing them away. We also need to rethink our attitudes about      (20)   . Repairing our possessions and changing our spending habits may be the best way to reduce the amount of rubbish and take care of our environment.