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            • 1. Why College Is Not Home
              The college years are supposed to be a time for important growth in autonomy(自主性) and the development of adult identity.However,now they are becoming an extended period of adolescence,during which many of today’s students and are not shouldered with adult responsibilities.

              For previous generations,college was decisive break from parental control; guidance and support needed help from people of the same age and from within.In the past two decades,however,continued connection with and dependence on family,thanks to cellphones,email and social media,have increased significantly.Some parents go so far as to help with coursework.Instead of promoting the idea of college as a passage from the shelter of the family to autonomy and adult responsibility,universities have given in to the idea that they should provide the same environment as that of the home.

              To prepare for increased autonomy and responsibility,college needs to be a time of exploration and experimentation.This process involves“trying on”new ways of thinking about oneself bothe intellectually(在思维方面) and personally.While we should provide“safe spaces”within colleges,we must also make it safe to express opinions and challenge majority views.Intellectual growth and flexibility are fostered on debate and questioning.

              Learning to deal with the social world is equally important.Because a college community(群体) differs from the family,many students will struggle to find a sense of belonging.If students rely on administrators to regulate their social behavior and thinking pattern,they are not facing the challenge of finding an identity within a larger and complex community.

              Moreover,the tendency for universities to monitor and shape student behavior runs up against another characteristic of young adults:the response to being controlled by their elders.If acceptable social behavior is too strictly defined(规定) and controlled,the insensitive or aggressive behavior that administrators are seeking to minimize may actually be encouraged.

              It is not surprising that young people are likely to burst out,particularly when there are reasons to do so.Our generation once joined hands and stood firm at times of national emergency.What is lacking today is the conflict between adolescent’s desire for autonomy and their understanding of an unsafe world.Therefore,there is the desire for their dorms to be replacement homes and not places to experience intellectual growth.

              Every college discussion about community values,social climate and behavior should include recognition of the developmental importance of student autonomy and self-regulation,of the necessary tension between safety and self-discovery.

              67.What’s the author’s attitude toward continued parental guidance to college students?    
              A.Sympathetic                          B.Disapproving
              C.Supportive                           D.Neutral
              68.The underlined word“passage”in Paraghaph 2means    
              A.change                               B.choice
              C.text                                 D.extension
              69.According to the anthor,what role should college play?    
              A.to develop a shared identity among students
              B.to define and regulate students’social behavior
              C.To provide a safe world without tension for students
              D.To foster students’intellectual and personal development
              70.Which of the following shows the development of ideas in the passage?    
            • 2. A warm drink of milk before bed has long been the best choice for those wanting a good night’s sleep.But now a study has found it really does help people nod off-if it is milked from a cow at night.
              Researchers have discovered that“night milk”contains more melatonin(褪黑激素),which has been proven to help people feel sleepy and reduce anxiety.
              The study,by researchers from Seoul,South Korea,involved mice being fed with dried milk powder made from cows milked both during the day and at night.
              Those given night milk,which contained 10 times the amount of melatonin,were less active and less anxious than those fed with the milk collected during daytime,according to the study published in The Journal of Medicinal Food.
              Night milk quickened the start of sleep and caused the mice to sleep longer.
              While the effect of cows milk harvested at different time has not been tested on humans up to now,taking melatonin drugs has been suggested to those who are struggling to fall asleep at night.
              Previous studies have also indicated that milk can be excellent for helping sleep because of the calcium content,which helps people to relax.
              Milk is also sugar-free and additive-free with nutritionists recommending skimmed milk as the best choice before bed as it is the least fattening.The more fat you take in before bedtime,the greater burden you will put on your body at night.

              32.According to the text,the mice fed with daytime milk    
              A.started sleep more easily
              B.were more anxious
              C.were less active
              D.woke up later
              33.Which of the following is true of melatonin according to the text?    
              A.It’s been tested on mice for ten times.
              B.It can make people more energetic.
              C.It exists in milk in great amount.
              D.It’s used in sleeping drugs.
              34.What can be a suitable title for the text?    
              A.Night Milk and Sleep
              B.Fat,Sugar and Health
              C.An Experiment on Mice
              D.Milk Drinking and Health
              35.How does the author support the theme of the text?    
              A.By giving examples.
              B.By stating arguments.
              C.By explaining statistical data.
              D.By providing research results.
            • 3. Every man wants his son to be somewhat of a clone,not in features but in footsteps.As he grows you also age,and your ambitions become more unachievable.You begin to realize that your boy,in your footsteps,could probably accomplish what you hoped for.But footsteps can be muddied and they can go off in different directions.
              My son Jody has hated school since day one in kindergarten.Science projects waited until the last moment.Book reports weren’t written until the final threat.
              I’ve been a newspaperman all my adult life.My daughter is a university graduate working toward her master’s degree in English.But Jody?When he entered the tenth grade he became a“vo-tech”student(技校学生).They’re called“motorheads”by the rest of the student body.
              When a secretary in my office first called him“motorhead”,I was shocked.“Hey,he’s a good kid,”I wanted to say.“And smart,really.”
              I learned later that motorheads are,indeed,different.They usually have dirty hands and wear dirty work clothes.And they don’t often make school honor rolls(光荣榜).
              But being the parent of a motorhead is itself an experience in education.We who labor in clean shirts in offices don’t have the abilities that motorheads have.I began to learn this when I had my car crashed.The cost to repair it was estimated at $800.“Hey,I can fix it,”said Jody.I doubted it,but let him go ahead,for I had nothing to lose.
              My son,with other motorheads,fixed the car.They got parts(零件)from a junkyard,non-toasting toaster have been fixed.Neighbours and co-workers trust their car repair to him.
              Since that first repair job,a broken air-conditioner,a non-functioning washer and a non-toasting toaster have been fixed.Neighbors and co-workers trust their car repairs to him.
              These kids are happiest when doing repairs.They joke and laugh and are living in their own relaxed world.And their minds are bright despite their dirty hands and clothes.
              I have learned a lot from my motorhead:publishers need printers,engineers need mechanics,and architects need builders.Most important,I have learned that fathers don’t need clones in footsteps or anywhere else.
              My son may never make the school honor roll.But he made mine.

              41.What used to be the author’s hope for his son?    
              A.To avoid becoming his clone.
              B.To resemble him in appearance.
              C.To develop in a different direction.
              D.To reach the author’s unachieved goals.
              42.What can we learn about the author’s children?    
              A.His daughter does better in school.
              B.His daughter has got a master’s degree.
              C.His son tried hard to finish homework.
              D.His son couldn’t write his book reports.
              43.The author let his son repair the car because he believed that    
              A.His son had the ability to fix it.
              B.it would save him much time.
              C.it wouldn’t cause him any more loss
              D.other motorheads would come to help.
              44.In the author’s eyes,motorheads are    
              A.tidy and hardworking
              B.cheerful and smart
              C.lazy but bright
              D.relaxed but rude
              45.What did the author realize in the end?    
              A.It is unwise to expect your child to follow your path.
              B.It is important for one to make the honor roll.
              C.Architects play a more important role than builders.
              D.Motorheads have greater ability than office workers.
            • 4. The Truth Can Set You Free
               I recently got pulled over for speeding not far from my new home in Virginia.I hadn’t been paying attention,and I had driven a few miles an hour over the speed limit.
              “Can I see your license and registration?”the police officer asked me.I pulled both out for him,and he saw my Pittsburgh address on my Pennsylvania driver’s license.
              “What are you doing here?”he asked.“Are you with the army?”
              “No,I’m not.”I answered.I explained that I had just moved to Virginia,and I hadn’t had time to re-register yet.
              “So what brings you here?”
               He had asked a direct question.Without thinking very hard,I gave him a direct answer.“Well,officer,”I said,“since you’ve asked,I have cancer.I have just months to live.We’ve moved down here to be close to my wife’s family.”
              “So you’ve got cancer,”he said flatly.He was trying to figure me out.Was I really dying?Was I lying?He took a long look at me.“You know,for a guy who has only a few months to live,you sure look good.”
               He was obviously thinking:“Either this guy is pulling one big fat line on me,or he’s telling the truth.”He was trying to question my honesty without directly calling me a liar.And so he had forced me to prove that I was being honest.
              “Well,officer,I know that I look pretty healthy.I look great on the outside,but the tumors(肿瘤)are on the inside.”And then,I don’t know what possessed me,but I just did it.I pulled up my shirt,showing the operational scars.
               He looked at my scars.He looked in my eyes.He now knew he was talking to a dying man.Well,he wasn’t taking this any further.He handed me back my license.“Do me a favor.”he said,“Slow down from now on.”
               The awful truth had set me free.As he went back to his police car,I had a realization.I had been one of those gorgeous blondes (金发美女) who could bat her eyelashes and get out of tickets.I drove home under the speed limit,and I was smiling like a beauty queen.
              59.The author was stopped by the police officer because    
              A.he didn’t have a license      B.he forgot to re-register
              C.he was seriously ill      D.he drove too fast
              60.The author moved to Virginia probably because    
              A.he was homesick      
              B.he served in the army there
              C.Virginia had better hospitals   
              D.his family could be better cared for
              61.On hearing about the author’s cancer,the police officer    
              A.said it was an excuse       B.doubted his honesty
              C.showed sympathy for him     D.asked him to show his scars
              62.It can be inferred from the passage that the author was    
              A.optimistic   B.adventurous  C.dishonest   D.romantic.
            • 5. Following Christmas dinner,my family was relaxing around the kitchen table.The good cooking smells still stayed.My sister,our chef,was enjoying the compliments.一“Delicious meal!”“Everything was wonderful.”Dad had risen from his chair and was contentedly standing nearby.
              My nephew,never one to sit still for too long,began playing his new basketball around the table and throughout the kitchen.Upon nearing Dad,he stopped-almost uncertainly.With shaking,wrinkled hands,Dad had reached out for the ball.He did not speak,and the boy,confused,looked up and over at us.It took some convincing,but the ball was lightly passed over.
               I watched my father closely to see what he would do.A playful smile appeared on his face.Holding the ball and reaching forward,Dad bounced it on the floor then caught it.This action was repeated.Nodding approvingly,he then turned towards our assembled group.Gently throwing the ball away,Dad began a game of catch.
              The ball continued to be passed though eager pairs of outstretched hands.Cries of“Over here!”rang through the warm kitchen.Dad’s active participation in this game was remarkable to me,since he had advanced Alzheimer′s disease.This disease had robbed him of many memories and the recognition of people,places and points in time.
              In my younger years,playing with Dad was rare.To his credit,Dad worked hard and provided for us.He was very private and never showed nor shared much emotion.His game of choice was chess,which he did eventually teach me how to play.As an adult,I had become a caregiver and watched helplessly as Dad declined.Connecting moments between father and son had been few and far before he took the basketball.
              I’m not sure how long we played catch.What I do know is that our game ended all too soon,and it was time to face the reality of dirty dishes piled high on countertops.The moment,though,will certainly last forever.On this Christmas,Dad gave me a special memory-one that I will always treasure.
              65.Which of the following statements is true according to the first two paragraphs?    
              A.The author’s family praised his sister for the Christmas dinner.
              B.The author’s nephew liked sitting still for a long time.
              C.The author’s father reached out for the basketball easily.
              D.The author’s nephew passed the basketball to his father firmly.
              66.What does Paragraph 3 mainly tell us?    
              A.Why the author’s father began a game of catch.
              B.How the author’s family took part in the basket game.
              C.How the author’s father played with basketball.
              D.What the author’s feeling was about his father’s action.
              67.How did the author feel on his father’s active participation?    
              A.Worried          B.Amazed           C.Annoyed        D.Interested
              68.What can we learn about the author’s father?    
              A.He was outgoing and energetic.B.He seldom talked with his family.
              C.He often played with the author.D.He taught the author to play basketball.
              69.What is the main idea of the text?    
              A.The disable people should never give up.
              B.A Christmas dinner will be remembered forever.
              C.Small holiday moments add up to lasting memories.
              D.Communication with family is very important.
            • 6. It was a cold winter day.A woman drove up to the Rainbow Bridge tollbooth (收费站).“I’m paying for myself,and for the six cars behind me,”she said with a smile,handing over seven tickets.One after another,the next six drivers arriving at the tollbooth were informed,“Some lady up ahead already paid your fare.”
              It turned out that the woman,Natalie Smith,had read something on a friend’s refrigerator:“Practice random kindness and senseless acts of beauty.”The phrase impressed her so much that she copied it down.
              Judy Foreman spotted the same phrase on a warehouse wall far away from home.When it stayed on her mind for days,she gave up and drove all the way back to copy it down.“I thought it was beautiful,”she said,explaining why she’d taken to writing it at the bottom of all her letters,“like a message from above.”Her husband,Frank,liked the phrase so much that he put it up on the classroom wall for his students,one of whom was the daughter of Alice Johnson,a local news reporter.Alice put it in the newspaper,admitting that though she liked it,she didn’t know where it came from or what it really meant.
              Two days later,Alice got a call from Anne Herbert,a woman living in Marin.It was in a restaurant that Anne wrote the phrase down on a piece of paper,after turning it around in her mind for days.
              “Here’s the idea,”Anne says.“Anything you think there should be more of,do it randomly.”Her fantasies include painting the classrooms of shabby schools,leaving hot meals on kitchen tables in the poor part of town,and giving money secretly to a proud old lady.Anne says,“Kindness can build on itself as much as violence can.”
                The acts of random kindness spread.If you were one of those drivers who found your fare paid,who knows what you might have been inspired to do for someone else later.Like all great events,kindness begins slowly,with every single act.Let it be yours!

              31.Why did Natalie Smith pay for the six cars behind her    
              A.She knew the car drivers well.
              B.She wanted to show kindness.
              C.She hoped to please others.
              D.She had seven tickets.
              32.Judy Foreman copied down the phrase because she    
              A.thought it was beautifully written
              B.wanted to know what it really meant
              C.decided to write it on a warehouse wall
              D.wanted her husband to put it up in the classroom
              33.Who came up with the phrase according to the passage    
              A.Judy Foreman.
              B.Natalie Smith.
              C.Alice Johnson.
              D.Anne Herbert.
              34.Which of the following statements is closest in the meaning to the underlined sentence above    
              A.Kindness and violence can change the world.
              B.Kindness and violence can affect one’s behavior.
              C.Kindness and violence can reproduce themselves.
              D.Kindness and violence can shape one’s character.
              35.What can we infer from the last paragraph    
              A.People should practice random kindness to those in need.
              B.People who receive kindness are likely to offer it to others.
              C.People should practice random kindness to strangers they meet.
              D.People who receive kindness are likely to pay it back to the giver.
            • 7. Like many new graduates,I left university full of hope for the future but with no real idea of what I wanted to do.My degree,with honors,in English literature had not really prepared me for anything practical.I knew I wanted to make a difference in the world somehow,but I had no idea how to do that.That’s when I learned about the  Lighthouse Project.
              I started my journey as a Lighthouse Project volunteer by reading as much as I could about the experiences of previous volunteers.I knew it would be a lot of hard work,and that I would be away from my family and friends for a very long time.In short,I did not take my decision to apply for the Lighthouse Project lightly.Neither did my family.
              Eventually,however,I won the support of my family,and I sent in all the paperwork needed for the application.After countless interviews and presentations,I managed to stand out among the candidates and survive the test alone.Several months later,I finally received a call asking me to report for the duty.I would be going to a small village near Abuja,Nigeria.Where?What?Nigeria?I had no idea.But I was about to find out.
              After completing my training,I was sent to the village that was small and desperately in need of proper accommodation.Though the local villagers were poor,they offered their homes,hearts,and food as if I were their own family.I was asked to lead a small team of local people in building a new schoolhouse.For the next year or so,I taught in that same schoolhouse.But I sometimes think I learned more from my students than they did from me.
              Sometime during that period,I realized that all those things that had seemed so strange or unusual to me no longer did,though I did not get anywhere with the local language,and returned to the United States a different man.The Lighthouse Project had changed my life forever.

              36.What do we know about the author    
              A.His university education focused on the theoretical knowledge.
              B.His dream at university was to become a volunteer.
              C.He took pride in having contributed to the world.
              D.He felt honored to study English literature.
              37.According to the Project Lighthouse,it is likely that the author    
              A.Discussed his decision with his family.
              B.Asked previous volunteers about voluntary work
              C.Attended special training to perform difficult tasks
              D.Felt sad about having to leave his family and friends
              38.In his application for the volunteer job,the author    
              A.Participated in many discussions
              B.Went through challenging survival tests
              C.Wrote quite a few paper on voluntary work
              D.Faced strong competition from other candidates
              39.On arrival at the village,the author was    
              A.Asked to lead a farming team
              B.Sent to teach in schoolhouse
              C.Received warmly by local villagers
              D.Arranged to live in a separate house.
              40.What can we infer from the author’s experiences in Nigeria    
              A.He found some difficulty adapting to the local culture
              B.He had learned to communicate in the local language.
              C.He had overcome all his weakness before he left for home.
              D.He was chosen as the most respectable teacher by his students.
            • 8. I have been consistenly opposed to feeding a baby regularly.As a doctor,mother and scientist in child development I believe there is nothing to recommend it,from the baby’s point of view.
              Mothers,doctors and nurse alike have no idea of where a baby’s blood sugar level lies.All we know is that a low level is harmful to brain development and makes a baby easily annoyed.In this state,the baby is difficult to calm down and sleep is impossible.The baby asks for attention by crying and searching for food with its mouth.
              It is not just unkind but also dangerous to say a four-hourly feeding schedule will make a baby satisfied.The first of the experts to advocate a strict clock-watching schedule was Dr Frederic Truby King who was against feeding in the night.I’ve never heard anything so ridiculous.Baby feeding shouldn’t follow a timetable set by the mum.What is important is feeding a baby In the best way,though it may cause some ineonvenience in the first few weeks.
              Well,at last we have     research that supports demand feeding and points out the weaknesses of strictly timed feeding.The research finds out that babies who are fed on demand do better at school at age 5,7,11and 14,than babies fed according to the clock.By the age of 8,their IQ (智商)scores are four to five percent higher than babies fed by a rigid timetable.This
              Research comes from Oxford and Essex University using a sample (样本)of 10,419children born in the early 1990s,taking account of parental education,family income,a child’s sex and age,the mother’s health and feeling style.These results don’t surprise me.Feeling according to schedule runs the risk of harming the rapidly growing brain by taking no account of sinking blood sugar levels.
              I hope this research will put an end to advocating strictly timed baby feeling practices.

              31.According to Paragraph 2,one reason why a baby cries is that it feels    
              A.sick   B.upset   C.sleepy  D.hungry
              32.What does the author think about Dr King?    
              A.He is strict
              B.He is unkind
              C.He has the wrong idea.
              D.He sets a timetable for mothers
              33.The word copper-bottomed in Paragraph 4is closest in meaning to    
              A.basic   B.reliable   C.surprising    D.interesting
              34.What does the research tell us about feeling a baby on demand?    
              A.The baby will sleep well.
              B.The baby will have its brain harmed.
              C.The baby will have a low blood sugar level.
              D.The baby will grow to be wiser by the age of 8.
              35.The author supports feeling the baby    
              A.in the night
              B.every four hours
              C.whenever it wants food
              D.according to its blood sugar level.
            • 9. One evening in February 2007,a student named Paula Ceely brought her car to a stop on a remote road in Wales.She got out to open a metal gate that blocked her path.That’s when she heard the whistle sounded by the driver of a train.Her Renault Clio was parked across a railway line.Seconds later,she watched the train drag her car almost a kilometre down the railway tracks.
              Ceely’s near miss made the news because she blamed it on he GPS (导航仪).She had never driven the route before.It was dark and raining heavily.Ceely was relying on her GPS,but it made no mention of the crossing.“I put my complete trust in the device and it led me right into the path of a speeding train,”she told the BBC.
              Who is to blame here?Rick Stevenson,who tells Ceely’s story in his book When Machines Fail Us,points the finger at the limitations of technology.We put our faith in digital devices,he says,but our digital helpers are too often not up to the job.They are filled with small problems.And it’s not just GPS devices:Stevenson takes us on a tour of digital disasters involving everything from mobile phones to wireless keyboards.
              The problem with his argument in the book is that it’s not clear why he only focuses on digital technology,while there may be a number of other possible causes.A map-maker might have left the crossing off a paper map.Maybe we should blame Ceely for not paying attention.Perhaps the railway authorities are at fault for poor singalling system.Or maybe someone has studied the relative dangers and worked out that there really is something specific wrong with the GPS equipment.But Stevenson doesn’t say.
              It’s a problem that runs through the book.In a section on cars,Stevenson gives an account of the advanced techniques that criminals use to defeat computer-based locking systems for cars.He offers two independent sets of figures on car theft; both show a small rise in some parts of the country.He says that once again not all new locks have proved reliable.Perhaps,but maybe it’s also due to the shortage of policemen on the streets.Or changing social circumstances.Or some combination of these factors.
              The game between humans and their smart devices is amusing and complex.It is shaped by economics and psychology and the cultures we live in.Somewhere in the mix of those forces there may be a way for a wiser use of technology.
              If there is such a way,it should involve more than just an awareness of the shortcomings of our machines.After all,we have lived with them for thousands of years.They have probably been fooling us for just as long.

              41.What did Paula Ceely think was the cause of her accident?    
              A.She was not familiar with the road.
              B.It was dark and raining heavily then.
              C.The railway workers failed to give the signal.
              D.Her GPS device didn’t tell her about the crossing.
              42.The phrase“near miss”(Paragraph 2)can best be replaced by    
              A.close hit     B.heavy loss    C.narrow escape     D.big mistake
              43.Which of the following would Rick Stevenson most probably agree with?    
              A.Modern technology is what we can’t live without.
              B.Digital technology often falls short of our expectation.
              C.Digital devices are more reliable than they used to be.
              D.GPS error is not the only cause for Ceely’s accident.
              44.In the writer’s opinion,Stevenson’s argument is    
              A.one-sided    B.reasonable     C.puzzling     D.well-based
              45.What is the real concern of the writer of this article?    
              A.The major causes of traffic accidents and car thefts.
              B.The relationship between human and technology.
              C.The shortcomings of digital devices we use.
              D.The human unawareness of technical problems.
            • 10. The freezing Northeast hasn’t been a terribly fun place to spend time this winter,so when the chance came for a weekend to Sarasota,Florida,my bags were packed before you could say“sunshine”.I left for the land of warmth and vitamin C(维生素C),thinking of beaches and orange trees.When we touched down to blue skies and warm air,I sent up a small prayer of gratefulness.Swimming pools,wine tasting,and pink sunsets(at normal evening hours,not 4in the afternoon) filled the weekend,but the best part-particularly to my taste,dulled by months of cold-weather root vegetables-was a 7a.m.adventure to the Sarasota farmers’market that proved to be more than worth the early wake-up call.
              The market,which was founded in 1979,sets up its tents every Saturday from 7:00am to 1p.m,rain or shine,along North Lemon and State streets.Baskets of perfect red strawberries,the red-painted sides of the Java Dawg coffee truck; and most of all,the tomatoes:amazing,large,soft and round red tomatoes.
              Disappointed by many a broken,vine-ripened(蔓上成熟的) promise,I’ve refused to buy winter tomatoes for years.No matter how attractive they look in the store,once I get them home they’re unfailingly dry,hard,and tasteless.But I homed in,with uncertainty,on one particular table at the Brown’s Grove Farm’s stand,full of fresh and soft tomatoes the size of my fist.These were the real deal-and at that moment,I realized that the best part of Sarasota in winter was going to be eating things that back home in New York I wouldn’t be experiencing again for months.
              Delighted as I was by the tomatoes in sight,my happiness deepened when I learned that Brown’s Grove Farm is one of the suppliers for Jack Dusty,a newly opened restaurant at the Sarasota Ritz Carlton,where-luckily for me-I was planning to have dinner that very night.Without even seeing the menu,I knew I’d be ordering every tomato on it.

              24.What did the author think of her winter life in New York?    
              A.Exciting.B.Boring.C.Relaxing.D.Annoying.
              25.What made the author’s getting up late early worthwhile?    
              A.Having a swim.
              B.Breathing in fresh air.
              C.Walking in the morning sun.
              D.Visiting a local farmer’s market.
              26.What can we learn about tomatoes sold in New York in winter?    
              A.They are soft.
              B.They look nice.
              C.They taste great.
              D.They are juicy.
              27.What was the author going to that evening?    
              A.Eat in a restaurant.
              B.Check into a hotel.
              C.Go to a farm.
              D.Buy fresh vegetables.
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