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1.
阅读下面的短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要.
Big or small, rejection affects us all. Harry Potter was rejected. So was The Twilight Saga. If authors J.K. Rowling and Stephenie Meyer hadn't kept trying with publisher after publisher, we'd all have missed out on some great adventures.
Rejection doesn't have to be about the big thing like not getting into your top college, not making the team, or not getting asked to the prom(舞会). Everyday situations can lead to the feeling of rejection, too, like if your joke doesn't get a laugh, if no one remembers to save you a seat at the lunch table, or if the person you really like talks to everyone but you.
Feeling rejected is the opposite of feeling accepted. But being rejected (and we will all be at times) doesn't mean someone isn't liked, valued, or important. It just means that one time, in one situation, with one person, things didn't work out.
Rejection hurts. But it's impossible to avoid it altogether. In fact, you don't want to-people who become too afraid of rejection might hold back from going after something they want. Sure, they avoid rejection, but they're also 100% guaranteed to miss out on what they want but won't try for.
难度:中等
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2.
阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要.
A woman gave up her fetus(胎儿) in Central China's Hubei Province after her 13yearold daughter threatened to commit suicide.
The event drew people's attention to the single child mentality,which may be an obstacle as the country tries to relax the singlechild policy.The woman,44,had been pregnant for 13 weeks.Her daughter became unhappy after knowing that she was going to have a brother or sister.Her anxiety reached its peak,when the ninthgrader cut her wrists with a razor blade in an attempted suicide,according to a report of the local Wuhan Evening News.
The case may sound extreme,but the girl is not the only child in China showing jealousy of a younger sibling.Zhuang Zhuang(not his real name) was 16 when his younger brother was born last year.Since then he's fallen behind in his classes.
"They never cared about me again," the teenager complained."I'm under great pressure to do well in academic performances,so as to win attention from my parents."
The onechild policy was relaxed in 2013,in an attempt to address the country's declining labor force and aging population.A majority of the Chinese provincial regions,including the most populated Henan,have allowed couples to have a second child if either parent is an only child.Beijing also followed suit.Although 11 million couples have been granted a permit to have a second child,statistics from the National Health and Family Planning Commission show only close to one million couples out of them filed birth applications by the end of last year."Economic cost","time cost" and "one child is enough" were listed as top reasons for not having a second child,according to a survey by China Youth Daily.Many parents give the third reason,out of concern for their first child.
Xia Xueluan,a sociology professor at Peking University,believes the onechild policy,enacted more than three decades ago,created many young "emperors" and "empresses" in China."Parents spoiled their children,so many kids tend to be selfcentered without consideration for others," he said.
难度:中等
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3.
阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要.
You may never think a documentary film could have aroused so much public enthusiasm in Chinese history.Nowadays everybody is talking about a new 7 part documentary called A Bite of China which was recently broadcast late at night on CCTV1.The documentary describes various gourmet items across the vast Chinese culinary landscape.
According to Taobao,China's biggest online retail website,just five days after the series began to air,nearly 6 million people went to the site in search of various local specialties,particularly those mentioned in the documentary.More than 7.2 million deals were concluded.A ham producer from Yunnan Province saw his sales grow 17fold in five days.
However,one can't help but believe that the documentary's popularity is probably linked to the endless stream of terrible food security issues that have emerged in recent years.In one wellreceived article,a netizen wrote,"I wonder how many felt so emptyhearted and sighed after watching the film.Bluevitriol watered chive,formaldehyde sprayed cabbage,Sudan Red colored salty eggs,restaurants using gutter oil.The list is long…"
How will a varied and ancient food culture that is famous worldwide and which should have made the Chinese proud end? Food is the most vital thing in people's lives.Yet China's food industry has made people a little worried due to some severe food safety crisis.The market is huge while the cost of faking and cheating is so low for immoral businessmen; and the punishment is too light.Take the milk industry as an example.Although Sanlu,the company that sold the melamineadulterated milk powder,was punished,thousands of other dairies didn't work hard to improve the quality.Therefore,food safety problems should be an important concern of Chinese government so that our ancient food culture can be preserved.
As the documentary shows,people are attracted not to gourmet items like matsutake,a species of rare mushroom grown naturally in remote forests,but to common Chinese dishes like barley,lotus root or tofu.They are what meet our basic needs.This explains why people are so excited about A Bite of China-it is a reminder that there is still a world out there where food is excellent and safe.
难度:中等
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4.
阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要.
A tender woman,or an independent one,which one would you prefer? A recent research shows that most people would choose the latter.
This type of woman is called a nühanzi ("tough woman").Experts believe these characteristics have social and psychological roots among young females in China.Su Hao's friends all call her a tough woman,because she can finish tough tasks usually carried out by men.For example,she carries 10litre water to her dormitory on the 5th floor."I depend on no one but myself," she says.
According to a recent survey by China Youth Daily,tough women have become rather common in society.Of the 21,265 respondents,78.5 percent said they are familiar with a tough woman.About 50 percent said they like women with tough characteristics,while less than 29 percent expressed the opposite view.
Why are tough women gaining popularity? Shen Meng,a psychological consultant,believes the fierce competition in society is contributing to this trend."Women are often in a disadvantaged position compared to men," Shen says."In order to survive,they have to be independent,strong and tough." Liu Xiaolin,professor of psychology at Wuhan Mental Health Center,believes tough women are brought up this way.They are often on close relationship with their fathers,who teach their daughters to be brave and decisive," he says.As a result,these women are more likely to be psychologically healthy and more tolerant to stress,according to Liu.
Though Liu believes that this is a good trend,Hu Shenzhi,a psychologist at the Guangdong Sunflower Counseling Center,says the popularity of tough woman indicates an unclear line between gender identities,which can lead to relationship problems."Some women with characteristics that differ from the traditional female image may have a difficult time finding Mr Right," he says."Even if they get married,their manly characteristics might cause family conflicts.
难度:中等
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5.
阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要.
Bad news sells.If it bleeds,it leads.No news is good news,and good news is no news.Those are the classic rules for the evening broadcasts and the morning papers.But now that information is being spread and monitored (监控) in different ways,researchers are discovering new rules.By tracking people's emails and online posts,scientists have found that good news can spread faster and farther than disasters and sob stories.
"The ‘if it bleeds' rule works for mass media," says Jonah Berger,a scholar at the University of Pennsylvania."They want your eyeballs and don't care how you're feeling.But when you share a story with your friends,you care a lot more how they react.You don't want them to think of you as a Debbie Downer."
Researchers analyzing wordofmouth communication-emails,Web posts and reviews,facetoface conversations-found that it tended to be more positive than negative(消极的),but that didn't necessarily mean people preferred positive news.Was positive news shared more often simply because people experienced more good things than bad things? To test for that possibility,Dr.Berger looked at how people spread a particular set of news stories: thousands of articles on The New York Times' website.He and a Penn.colleague analyzed the "most emailed" list for six months.One of his first findings was that articles in the science section were much more likely to make the list than nonscience articles.He found that science amazed The Times' readers and made them want to share this positive feeling with others.
Readers also tended to share articles that were exciting or funny,or that inspired negative feelings like anger or anxiety,but not articles that left them merely sad.They needed to be aroused(激发) one way or the other,and they preferred good news to bad.The more positive an article was,the more likely it was to be shared,as Dr.Berger explains in his new book,Contagious:Why Things Catch On.
难度:较易
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6.
阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要.
For those who study the development of intelligence in the animal world,selfawareness is an important measurement.An animal that is aware of itself has a high level of intelligence.
Awareness can be tested by studying whether the animal recognizes itself in the mirror,that is,its own reflected image.Many animals fail this exercise bitterly,paying little attention to the reflected image.Only humans,and some intelligent animals like apes and dolphins,have been shown to recognize that the image in the mirror is of themselves.
Now another animal has joined the club.In the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,researchers report that an Asian elephant has passed the mirror selfreflection test.
"We thought that elephants were the next important animal,"said Diana Reiss of the Wildlife Conservation Society,an author of the study with Joshua M.Plotnik and Fans B.M.de Waal of Emory University."With their large brains," Reiss said,"elephants seemed like cousins to apes and dolphins."
The researchers tested Happy,Maxine and Patty,three elephants at the Bronx Zoo.They put an 8footsquare mirror on a wall of the animals' play area (out of the sight of zoo visitors) and recorded what happened with cameras,including one built in the mirror.
The elephants used their long noses to find what was behind it,and to examine parts of their bodies.
Of the three,Happy then passed the test,in which a clear mark was painted on one side of her face.She could tell the mark was there by looking in the mirror,and she used the mirror to touch the mark with her long nose.
Diana Reiss said,"We knew elephants were intelligent,but now we can talk about their intelligence in a better way."
难度:中等
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7.
阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要.
Being able to multitask-doing several things at the same time-is considered a welcome skill by most people.But if we consider the situation of the young people aged from eight to eighteen,we should think again.
What we often see nowadays is that young people juggle(同时做) an ever larger number of electronic devices as they study.While working,they also surf on the Internet,send out emails,answer the telephone and listen to music on their iPods.In a sense,they are spending a significant amount of time in fruitless efforts as they multitask.
Multitasking is even changing the relationship between family members.As young people give so much attention to their own worlds,they seem to have no time to spend with the other people around them.They can no longer greet family members when they enter the house,nor can they eat at the family table.
Multitasking also affects young people's performance at university and in the workplace.When asked about their opinion of the effect of modern gadgets(器具) on their performance of tasks,many young people gave a positive response.However,the response from the worlds of education and business was not quite as positive.Educators feel that multitasking by children has a serious effect on later development of study skills.They believe that many college students now need help to improve their study skills.Similarly,employers feel that young people entering the job market need to be taught all over again,as modern gadgets have made it unnecessary for them to learn special skills to do their work.
难度:中等
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8.
阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要.
Group exercise is one of the most effective ways to improve physical fitness and sustain(保持) a healthy lifestyle.Group exercise is challenging,yet fun and empowering! Of course everyone knows that exercise is good for the body.However,studies have shown that when exercise is performed in groups,it's not only great for improving physical health but for psychological health.It's an opportunity to be social,release endorphins(内啡肽),and improve your strength.Additionally,group exercise creates a community feel and the shared common goal motivates participants to work hard.The instrumental support of taking on a fitness journey with others proves more effective than going to the gym alone.
Another beneficial aspect of group exercise is the informational support participants receive from the instructor.Many people fear the gym because they feel lost and don't want to embarrass themselves.If you feel you can relate,then group training is an even better option for you.It's a great opportunity to learn more about fitness through the clear instruction and supervision of a fitness instructor.If you're tired of wandering around the gym wasting time and becoming bored,you can attend an upbeat group fitness class that'll keep your workout on track.Don't let fitness frighten you!
If you're serious about wanting to live a healthy lifestyle,it's extremely important to surround yourself with people who'll provide you with the proper emotional support.I wouldn't scold anyone for deciding to party on weekends and in turn I wouldn't expect anyone to give offence to me for focusing on my health.Surround yourself with people who uplift,encourage and understand you! Make fitness even more fun by trying something new or any group fitness class,with a friend.Plan to go for a jog together.Then try a fun healthy restaurant or fresh juice bar! Fitness can be both fun and social!
Surrounding yourself with people who'll provide you with respect support can be very beneficial while working towards reaching health and fitness goals.First,decide to do it for yourself and work towards staying positive.Then make sure the people you surround yourself with are supportive.Don't let negativity ruin your motivation.
难度:中等
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9.
阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要.
If you know something is bad for you,why can't you just stop?About 70% of smokers say they would like to stop.Drug and alcohol abusers struggle to give up the bad habits that hurt their bodies and destroy families and friendships.And many of us have unhealthy weight that we could lose if only we would eat right and exercise more.So why don't we do it?
Some scientists have been searching for answers.They've studied what happens in our brains as habits form.They've found answers to why bad habits,once formed,are so difficult to kick.And they're developing ways to help us make the changes we'd like to make.
Habits are a normal part of life,and are often helpful."We wake up every morning,shower,comb our hair or brush our teeth without being aware of it," Volkow says.We can drive along familiar routes without really thinking about the directions."When behaviors become automatic,it gives us an advantage,because the brain does not have to perform the action on purpose," Volkow says.This frees up our brains to focus on different things.
One way to kick bad habits is to focus on your unhealthy habits.Then try your best to stop them.For example,habits can be linked in our minds to certain places and activities.You could develop a plan,to avoid walking down the hall where there's a candy machine.Try to avoid going to places where you've usually smoked.Stay away from friends and situations linked to problem drinking or drug use.
Another helpful way is to replace unhealthy habits with new,healthy ones."It doesn't work for everyone," Volkow says."But certain groups of patients who have a history of taking drugs can do something else like running and it helps them stay away from drugs."
难度:中等
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10.
阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要.
I received a call today asking if I would be ready to bring food to a family in need.The mother was having a major operation and would be lying down for several weeks.Of course,I responded with an immediate "Yes!".As I planned the meal in my head,I reflected on how many times over the years I had been asked to prepare food.I have done so countless times with a very open heart.
But the truly amazing thing is that I have received double over the course of my life.When my mother passed away,our house was filled with fresh dinners for weeks.A woman from the church of our community stopped by each evening with some food.The gift of food was her small way of trying to ease our pain.
Later in my life,when I was on bed rest during my pregnancy with twins,women of the church again stepped in to help.They arranged babysitting for my twoyearold daughter,and brought lovely dinners to our house.Even when I was put in the hospital,my husband would bring cooked meals to my hospital room.How we relied on these dinners to feed my tired husband and young daughter.
Food is all about comfort.It feeds our bodies,but it can also feed our souls.When you hear people talking about their favorite holidays,it usually includes their feelings connected with sharing food.I know that I will have many more opportunities in my lifetime to prepare food for others.It is truly a gift I want to prepare and deliver to someone in need.
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