Why Do We Get Angry？

    Anger seems simple when we are feeling it， but the causes of anger are various． Knowing these causes can make us examine our behavior，and correct bad habits． The main reasons we get angry are triggering（触发）events，personality traits（特征），and our assessment of situations．   (1)  

    Triggering events for anger are so many that to describe them all would take hundreds of pages． However， here are some examples： being cut off in traffic， a deadline approaching， experiencing physical pain， and much more．  (2)   The reason why someone is triggered by something and others are not is often due to one's personal history and psychological traits．

    Each person， no matter who they are， has psychological imbalances． People who have personality traits that connect with competitiveness and low upset tolerance are much more likely to get angry．  (3)    Also， sometimes pre﹣anger does not have to do with a lasting condition， but rather a temporary state before a triggering event has occurred．

     (4)  Sometimes even routine occurrences become sources of pre﹣anger， or anger itself． Sometimes ignorance and negative （消极的）outlooks on situations can create anger．

      (5)   However， anger can easily turn violent， and it is best to know the reasons for anger to appear in order to prevent its presence． With these main reasons in mind， we can evaluate our level of anger throughout the day and prevent cases of outbursts by comprehending the reasons for our feelings．

Moving into a new home in a new neighborhood is an exciting experience. Of course, you want to make sure that you become an acceptable and valuable part of your neighborhood. The easiest way to accomplish this is to make sure you conduct yourself as a good neighbor should.   (1)  

Perhaps one of the most important things you can do as a good neighbor is to keep your property(房产) neat, clean, and in good repair.  (2)   By choosing to keep the outside of the home in great shape, you will help to improve the look and feel of the area.

Second, take the overall appearance of the neighborhood seriously. When going for a walk. Take a small garbage bag.   (3)   This small act will let your neighbors know that you care about the area.

  (4)   If a neighbor is going to be out of town, offer to collect mail and newspapers. If a neighbor suffers an illness, offer to do the grocery shopping . Let them know you are there to help in any way this acceptable, while still respecting the privacy of your neighbor.

  (5)   By following the basic rules of respecting others, taking care of what belongs to you, and taking pride in the appearance of the neighborhood in general, you will quickly become a good neighbor that everyone appreciate.

Summer Activities

Students should read the list with their parents/carers, and select two activities they would like to do. Forms will be available in school and online for them to indicate their choices and return to school. Before choices are finalised, parents/carers will be asked to sign to confirm their child’s choices.

﹣You know what？ I"ve got a New Year concert ticket．

﹣Oh， _______ You"re kidding．（　　）

Good Morning Britain’s Susanna Reid is used to grilling guests on the sofa every morning, but she is cooking up a storm in her latest role — showing families how to prepare delicious and nutritious meals on a tight budget.

In Save Money: Good Food, she visits a different home each week and with the help of chef Matt Tebbutt offers top tips on how to reduce food waste, while preparing recipes for under £5 per family a day. And the Good Morning Britain presenter says she’s been able to put a lot of what she’s leant into practice in her own home, preparing meals for sons, Sam,14, Finn,13, and Jack, 11.

"We love Mexican churros, so I buy them on my phone from my local Mexican takeaway restaurant," she explains. "I pay £5 for a portion(一份), but Matt makes them for 26p a portion, because they are flour, water, sugar and oil. Everybody can buy takeaway food, but sometimes we’re not aware how cheaply we can make this food ourselves. "

The eight-part series(系列节自), Save Money: Good Food, follows in the footsteps of ITV’s Save Money: Good Health, which gave viewers advice on how to get value from the vast range of health products on the market.

With food our biggest weekly household expense, Susanna and Matt spend time with a different family each week. In tonight’s Easter special they come to the aid of a family in need of some delicious inspiration on a budget. The team transforms the family’s long weekend of celebration with less expensive but still tasty recipes.

Preparing Cities for Robot Cars

    The possibility of self﹣driving robot cars has often seemed like a futurist's dream， years away from materializing in the real world． Well， the future is apparently now． The California Department of Motor Vehicles began giving permits in April for companies to test truly self﹣driving cars on public roads． The state also cleared the way for companies to sell or rent out self﹣driving cars， and for companies to operate driverless taxi services． California， it should be noted， isn't leading the way here． Companies have been testing their vehicles in cities across the country． It's hard to predict when  driverless cars will be everywhere on our roads． But however long it takes， the technology has the potential to change our transportation systems and our cities， for better or for worse， depending on how the transformation is regulated．

    While much of the debate so far has been focused on the safety of driverless cars（and rightfully so），policymakers also should be talking about how self﹣driving vehicles can help reduce traffic jams， cut emissions（排放） and offer more convenient， affordable  mobility options． The arrival of driverless vehicles is a chance to make sure that those vehicles are environmentally friendly and more shared．

    Do we want to copy﹣ or even worsen﹣ the traffic of today with driverless cars？ Imagine a future where most adults own individual self﹣driving vehicles． They tolerate long， slow journeys to and from work on packed highways because they can work， entertain themselves or sleep on the ride， which encourages urban spread． They take their driverless car to an appointment and set the empty vehicle to circle the building to avoid paying for parking． Instead of walking a few blocks to pick up a child or the dry cleaning， they send the self﹣driving minibus． The convenience even leads fewer people to take public transport﹣﹣an unwelcome side effect researchers have already found in ride﹣ hailing（叫车） services．

    A study from the University of California at Davis suggested that replacing petrol﹣powered private cars worldwide with electric， self﹣driving and shared systems could reduce carbon emissions from transportation 80% and cut the cost of transportation infrastructure  （基础设施） and operations 40% by 2050． Fewer emissions and cheaper travel sound pretty appealing． The first commercially available driverless cars will almost certainly be fielded by ride﹣hailing services， considering the cost of self﹣driving technology as well as liability and maintenance issues（责任与维护问题）．But driverless car ownership could increase as the prices drop and more people become comfortable with the technology．

    Policymakers should start thinking now about how to make sure the appearance of driverless vehicles doesn't extend the worst aspects of the car﹣controlled transportation system we have today． The coming technological advancement presents a chance for cities and states to develop transportation systems designed to move more people，and more affordably． The car of the future is coming． We just have to plan for it．

If you are already making the time to exercise, it is good indeed! With such busy lives, it can be hard to try and find the time to work out.  (1)   Working out in the morning provides additional benefits beyond being physically fit.

● Your productivity is improved. Exercising makes you more awake and ready to handle whatever is ahead of you for the day.  (2)  

● Your metabolism (新陈代谢) gets a head start.  (3)   If you work out in the mornings, then you will be getting the calorie (卡路里) burning benefits for the whole day, not in your sleep.

●  (4)   Studies found that people who woke up early for exercise slept better than those who exercised in the evening. Exercise energizes you, so it is more difficult to relax and have a peaceful sleep when you are very excited.

●  (5)   If you work out bright and early in the morning, you will be more likely to stick to healthy food choices throughout the day. Who would want to ruin their good workout by eating junk food? You will want to continue to focus on positive choices.

There are a lot of benefits to working out, especially in the mornings. Set your alarm clock an hour early and push yourself to work out! You will feel energized all day long.

In the 1760s， Mathurin Roze opened a series of shops that boasted（享有）a special meat soup called consommé． Although the main attraction was the soup， Roze's chain shops also set a new standard for dining out， which helped to establish Roze as the inventor of the modern restaurant．

    Today， scholars have generated large amounts of instructive research about restaurants． Take visual hints that influence what we eat： diners served themselves about 20 percent more pasta（意大利面食）when their plates matched their food．  When a dark﹣colored cake was served on a black plate rather than a white one， customers recognized it as sweeter and more tasty．

    Lighting matters， too． When Berlin restaurant customers ate in darkness， they couldn't tell how much they'd had： those given extra﹣large shares ate more than everyone else， but were none the wiser﹣they didn't feel fuller， and they were just as ready for dessert．

    Time is money， but that principle means different things for different types of restaurants． Unlike fast﹣food places． fine dining shops prefer customers to stay longer and spend． One way to encourage customers to stay and order that extra round： put on some Mozart（莫扎特）．When classical， rather than pop， music was playing， diners spent more． Fast music hurried diners out．

    Particular scents also have an effect： diners who got the scent of lavender（薰衣草）stayed longer and spent more than those who smelled lemon， or no scent．

    Meanwhile， things that you might expect to discourage spending﹣"bad" tables， crowding．high prices﹣don't necessarily． Diners at bad tables﹣next to the kitchen door， say﹣spent nearly as much as others but soon fled． It can be concluded that restaurant keepers need not "be overly concerned about ‘bad' tables，" given that they're profitable． As for crowds， a Hong Kong study found that they increased a restaurant's reputation， suggesting great food at fair prices． And doubling a buffet's price led customers to say that its pizza was 11 percent tastier．

请阅读下面文字，并按照要求用英语写一篇150 词左右的文章．

Li Jiang 6 July， Sunny    Our family will go on a trip next month and need a suitcase． Two days ago， Mom asked me to find relevant information on the internet． But the information I got was rich and varied， or even contradictory． Confused， I simply based my decision on the ratings． Within five minutes， we ordered the one we were satisfied with． This afternoon， Mom received the case and told me she liked it very much．

Su Hua 6 July， Sunny

    This morning， our family went out， hanging round in the downtown area． We found a rating of the Top Ten Restaurants， and went into one of them． We spent quite a lot of money， but were not happy． Mom complained a lot， and said that despite its high ratings， the food was not to our taste． I was puzzled． Should I believe in these ratings， or should I not？

【写作内容】

1． 用约30个词概括上述利用排名（ratings）进行消费的现象；

2． 谈谈你如何看待消费排名，然后用2﹣3个理由或论据支撑你的看法．

【写作要求】

1． 写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句；

2． 作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；

3． 不必写标题．

【评分标准】

内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当．