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            • 1． Avoid confrontation（对抗）． If an angry driver yells at you or shares a rude gesture out of his or her window， don't make eye contact or yell back． Keep your eyes on the road and ignore the angry driver． Fighting and driving angrily is dangerous to both of you as well as the other drivers and will only make things worse．
              难度：较易
              解析 收藏 试题篮
            • 2． Robert F． Kennedy once said that a country's GDP measures "everything except that which makes life worthwhile． "With Britain voting to leave the European Union， and GDP already predicted to slow as a result， it is now a timely moment to assess what he was referring to．
                  The question of GDP and its usefulness has annoyed policymakers for over half a century．Many argue that it is a flawed（有缺陷的） concept． It measures things that do not matter and misses things that do． By most recent measures， the UK's GDP has been the envy of the Western world， with record low unemployment and high growth figures． If everything was going so well， then why did over 17 million people vote for Brexit， despite the warnings about what it could do to their country's economic prospects．
                  A recent annual study of countries and their ability to convert growth into well-being sheds some light on that question． Across the 163 countries measured， the UK is one of the poorest performers in ensuring that economic growth is translated into meaningful improvements for its citizens． Rather than just focusing on GDP， over 40 different sets of criteria from health， education and civil society engagement have been measured to get a more rounded assessment of how countries are performing．
                  While all of these countries face their own challenges， there are a number of consistent themes． Yes， there has been a budding economic recovery since the 2008 global crash， but in key indicators in areas such as health and education， major economies have continued to decline． Yet this isn't the case with all countries． Some relatively poor European countries have seen huge improvements across measures including civil society， income equality and the environment．
                  This is a lesson that rich countries can learn： When GDP is no longer regarded as the sole measure of a country's success， the world looks very different．
                  So， what Kennedy was referring to was that while GDP has been the most common method for measuring the economic activity of nations， as a measure， it is no longer enough． It does not include important factors such as environmental quality or education outcomes all things that contribute to a person's sense of well-being．
                  The sharp hit to growth predicted around the world and in the UK could lead to a decline in the everyday services we depend on for our well-being and for growth． But policymakers who refocus efforts on improving well-being instead of simply worrying about GDP figures could avoid the forecasted doom and may even see progress．
              Title： High GDP But （1） ______  Well-being， a UK Lesson
              Passage outline Supporting details
              Different opinions of GDP •Robert F． Kennedy's believed that everything was measured by a country's GDP except （2） ______ A made life worthwhile．
              •Many people hold belief that GDP measures what is unimportant and
              misses what （3） ______ ．
              GDP as the measure of （4） ______ is widely defied in the UK． •Despite the fact the Westem world has envied the UK's for its high GDP
              with high（5） ______ and high growth figures， over 17 million people voted to leave the European Union．
              •A recent annual study shows that in the 163 countries measured ，the UK
              is one of countries， which have most （6） ______ transformed economic growth into meaningful improvements for its citizens．
              Main assessments of a country's（7） ______ •Over 40（8） ______ of criteria from health， education and civil society engagement．
              •Environmental quality or education outcomes-all things（9） ______ in a person's sense of happiness．
              Factors considered beyond GDP Policymakers， who don't simply worry about GDP figures， instead think（10） ______ of improving happiness， can avoid forecasting doom and may even see progress．
              难度：较易
              解析 收藏 试题篮
            • 3． Fear of missing out It"s Friday night． While many of your friends may celebrate by going to the movies or checking out a restaurant that"s just opened， you"ve decided to spend this highly cherished night of the week by yourself． The night is yours to enjoy． If you think this sounds relaxing， you"re not alone． At least for a little while until you start wondering if you"ve made the right choice． A doubt begins sinking in as you imagine the fun your friends are having in your absence． Suddenly， the quiet evening you planned for yourself begins to lose its initial appeal， and you find your excitement quickly turns to anxiety．
              Fear of missing out， or FOMO， is a common feeling． A recent study defined FOMO as "the uneasy and sometimes all-consuming feeling that you"re missing out - your peers are doing or in possession of more or something better than you．
              Fear of missing out often develops as a result of deeper unhappiness． Research has found that those with low levels of general life satisfaction are more likely to experience FOMO． Further worsening the all- too-common feeling is the rise of social media use． Active users of social media have a higher probability of comparing their achievements with others"． Rather than finding happiness through their own experiences， they begin worrying that theirs aren"t objectively better than anyone else"s．
              The consequences of FOMO are significant and far-reaching． One study conducted with first-year university students found that fear of missing out was associated with fatigue（疲劳）， stress， and sleep problems． Furthermore， in a 2018 study of 1，045 Americans aged 18-34， nearly 40% of participants admitted going into debt just to keep up with their friends" lifestyles， often through increased spending on food， travel， clothes， and electronics．
              So how can you overcome the fear？ Begin with gratitude． By reflecting on what you already have， you"re less likely to put valuable mental energy in worrying about what you don"t． Another alternative？
              Embrace（欣然接受） JOMO， or the joy of missing out． JOMO allows you to shift your focus to what you really want at any given moment， without feeling concerned about what those around you may be doing． So， turn off your phones and tablets， and engage in something you enjoy while resisting the urge to upload and share it． While this may take practice and perseverance（坚持不懈）， the results are well worth the effort．
              By embracing the joy of missing out， you make room for all the benefits that come from spending time with yourself and the inner wholeness you contain； you create space to keep up with the things you wish you had more time for - gardening， reading， resting， exercising， cooking， learning， or simply being； and you see yourself in new ways and unearth the talents， fears， joys and quirks that lie beneath the surface．
              Fear of missing out
              Introduction to FOMO FOMO is a common fear that others might be having rewarding experiences from which you are (1) ． For example， initially， you enjoy spending a Friday night alone in your own way． However， thinking of your friends" possible fun， you begin to have (2) about your original decision， which makes you (3) ．
              Causes of FOMO *People are not really happy and even feel (4) with their life．The use of social media may result in FOMO， especially when people make negative (5) between themselves and others．
              Consequences of
              FOMO              		 *It can contribute to people"s physical and mental (6)
              *It can cause people to (7) money to keep up with others" lifestyles．
              Approaches to overcoming FOMO *Be (8) for what you have now．
              *Embrace the joy of missing out， (9) on what you want without trying to seek attention．
              Benefits of embracing
              JOMO              		 *It allows you to have time alone to do whatever you enjoy doing．
              *It gives you a chance to (10) yourself better．
              难度：较易
              解析 收藏 试题篮
            • 4． Ants： master cooperators    Millions of ants live together in a colony， but they don't compete， get confused， or become disorganized． They behave in an amazing orderly manner at all times． Some scientists refer to ants as ‘super-organisms' because they live in such highly organized societies that work together to survive． The way ants live and work together has made them one of the most important creatures on the planet．
                  Ants， like bees， belong to a class of eusocial insects． Eusocial insects are broken into groups within their community， and each group has a special job to do depending on the needs of the community． There are three basic groups in an ant colony： queens， soldiers， and workers． Queens are the largest ants， and their only job is to reproduce-they lay all of the eggs that will eventually become soldiers and workers． Soldiers are responsible for protecting the colony and finding new places for nests． Worker ants have many jobs within the community， including caring for the eggs and young ants， hunting for food and maintaining the nest．
                  Some scientists are studying how ants can lead to a better understanding of labor issues， social class， and the use of nature resources in human communities． Ants have had millions of years of practice in working together to survive and grow． For a colony to function successfully， ants have to cooperate， from which people can learn a lot． Researchers hope that gathering information about how ants live together in communities can help people learn to cooperate and compromise with each other．
                  However， others argue that there are fundamental differences between ants and humans that mean human societies are unlikely ever to attain ant-like levels of collaboration． For example， ants in a colony don't compete with each other． When they are short of food in the colony， some worker ants automatically become ‘feeder' ants and feed others with the food in their stomach， regardless of their usual job． When the food supply is replenished， they become worker ants again．
                  In addition， ants are able to work together without a leader giving them directions． Despite their names， queen ants are not leaders． Instead， ants find out what they need to do from their sense of smell． Research on harvester ants pass each other， they pick up a chemical smell which tells them what the other ant is doing． The number of ants they pass doing a particular job determines what they need to do． It is a form of communication， but unlike human communication it has no content； it is just based on numbers．
                  While ants undoubtedly have a great deal to teach us about organization and the structure of networks， those searching for a greater understanding of human behaviour and morals may need to look somewhere．
              难度：较易
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            • 5． ______
              in point ● Rumi， an emoii （5） ______ like a panda， has been downloaded by over
              a quarter of China's entire population．
              ● Zhang Xuchen created emojis part lime but earned a good income because customers（6） ______ him．
              ● The president of StarMoly， which （7） ______ Rumi， recognizes emojis as a promising IP． Problems with emojis ● Emojis are very likely to be pirated because the （8） ______ A of them are in digital forms．
              ● There is a（n） （9） ______ of effective supervision because it's a band-new industry． Solution Related rules and regulations are needed to protect the IP rights of both creators and companies， and education should （10） ______ closely．
              难度：较易
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            • 6．
              Paper-cutting is a Chinese folk art (1) a long history． It (2) back to the time of the Northern and Southern Dynasty． By the Southern Song Dynasty， paper-cutting had become an important part of everyday life．
              There are three (3) of paper cuts which people still make today． Paper cuts used for (4) are often seen on windows and gates． They are usually (5) up during holidays to bring good luck． They are also used on presents A present for parents whose child has (6) been born might show a paper cut of children， for example． Paper cuts which show the Chinese character for double (7) are often used to celebrate weddings．
              Paper cuts used for religious purposes are often found in temples． They are also used (8) offerings to the dead People to whom the dead person was (9) would make these offerings on special days and during festivals．
              The third kind of paper cuts are those used to make (10) on clothing．
              难度：较易
              解析 收藏 试题篮
            • 7． Educating girls quite possibly harvests a higher rate of return than any other investment available in the developing world． Women's education may be an unusual economical field， but increasing women's contribution to development is actually as much an economic issue as a social one． And economics， with its focus on encouragement， provides an explanation for why so many girls are rid of an education．
                  Parents in low-income countries fail to invest in their daughters because they do not expect them to make an economic contribution to the family： girls grow up only to marry into somebody else's family and bear children． Girls are thus seen as less valuable than boys and art kept at home to do housework while their brothers are sent to school-the prophecy（观念）becomes self-fulfilling， trapping women in a vicious（恶性的）circle of neglect．
                  An educated mother， on the other hand， has greater earning abilities outside the home and faces an entirely different set of choices． She is likely to have fewer but healthier children and can insist on the development of all her children， ensuring that her daughters are given a fair chance． The education of her daughters then makes it much more likely that the next generation of girls， as well as of boys， will be educated and healthy． The vicious circle is thus transformed into a virtuous circle．
                  Few will argue that educating women has great social benefits． But it has enormous economic advantages as well． Most obviously， there is the direct effect of education on the wages of female workers． Wages rise by 10 to 20 percent for each additional year of schooling． Such big returns are impressive by the standard of other available investments， but they are just the beginning． Educating women also has a significant effect on health practices， including family planning．
              The Significance of Female （1）______in Developing Countries
              Topic Though considered as a social issue， women's education is also linked to a developing country's （2） ______ ．
              Supporting Details A vicious circle With little （3） ______ of their daughters' contribution to their family， parents are unwilling to invest in them．
              Girls can't go to school， （4） ______ up as uneducated mothers after their marriages， whose daughters are likely to follow in their （5） ______ ．
              A virtuous circle With fewer but healthier children， an educated mother is a good （6） ______ of her children's development．
              As a result， her daughters receive good education． So will the next（7） ______ of girls．
              （8） ______ educated females have over uneducated ones They have （9） ______ to more job opportunities and can earn more money．
              They will enjoy more health practices， including family planning．
              Conclusion Educating girls in developing countries is important and rewarding， so it is （10） ______ of being invested．
              难度：较易
              解析 收藏 试题篮
            • 8． ______ •Make them （10） ______ in and good at fishing．
              难度：较易
              解析 收藏 试题篮
            • 9． ______
              难度：较易
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