Are we more narcissistic than ever before?

Like the flower, narcissism(自恋) has continued to flourish in modern civilization, which has become such a part of culture. But narcissism in psychology is more than a single question can capture, which really has three types of narcissism. Problems arise when people discuss narcissism without identifying the form.

Grandiose(浮夸) narcissism is the outgoing, extraverted(外向) form. The narcissistic individual believes he or she is smarter, better looking and more important than others. And, of course, he or she gets special treatment for this fact. In fact, some of them can be very charming, likable and enjoy people. On the opposite side, narcissistic relationships are often not very emotionally warm or caring.

Vulnerable(脆弱) narcissism is the second flavor of narcissism. It is harder to see than grandiose narcissism. Vulnerable narcissists think they have the right to get special treatment and greatness but actually have low self－confidence and are not typically extraverted. Imagine someone living in his mumˈs small room. He spends his evenings watching X Factor believing he should be the next famous star singing act. Unfortunately, he hasnˈt the confidence to do it and instead becomes a net citizen, who posts offensive, controversial, or divisive materials on an Internet community.

The third form of narcissism occurs when narcissism is extreme and causes clinically serious problems in a personˈs life－marriages fall apart, friends are lost, a career is over. When this occurs narcissism can be identified as a personality disorder－narcissistic personality disorder (also known as NPD), containing a mix of both grandiose and vulnerable narcissism. Can you change narcissism or NPD? There is no simple answer to this. For grandiose narcissism, what I often do is suggest practicing caring and compassion, doing what you are passionate about rather than what gets you attention and being responsible for your mistakes as well as successes. For vulnerable narcissism I would add to this list with practices that reduce depression and anxiety. Develop a sense of belonging or a friendship network; participate in physical exercise; or practice a form of emptying your mind of thoughts and feelings. For NPD, there is no single, scientifically affirmed treatment of choice. But pay attention to the following. First, people with NPD are often reluctant to enter treatment because in their mind they do not have a problem—everyone else does. Second, it is challenging for doctors to keep individuals with NPD in treatment.

Narcissism is increasing and while social media hasnˈt been proven to actually create narcissism, it does give them a new platform to gain attention and admiration. Still, I remain optimistic that people can change if they are motivated, have the right tools, and know what type of narcissism they are dealing with.

Are we more narcissistic than ever before？

 Shortly after moving from his hometown inIsraelto California at the age of 14,Roey Gabay faced a series of stressful events. His parents got divorced, his mother was diagnosed with cancer and he started high school while still learning English. Everything hit him at once.

Soon, Roey, once a casual gamer, was escaping with his laptop for up to 12 hours a day into a virtual world over which he had greater control: the online game called Defense of the Ancients. Sleep, schoolwork and a starting position on his high school basketball team were all affected. Everything was overshadowed(使黯然失色). It seemed like a routine he just couldn’t break.

  Roey believed that he was suffering from Internet gaming disorder. But he just didn’t know what to do. One day when Roey finally got home from the college library, he found his twin sister, Reut, waiting for him in the living room. It was around 1 a.m. on June 9th, the night before his finals. But she knew he hadn’t been to the library to study. And he knew she knew it. “Come here,”she said. “We need to talk.”

Roey’s neglect of his school work had already cost him a scholarship to a prestigious university in California.And he was well on his way to losing his enrollment(入学) at East Bay. “This can’t keep going,” his sister told him. “ I know your potential. You’re throwing it all the way, and it’s killing me.”

  The confrontation(对抗) surprised him. He broke down and admitted he needed help. With his sister’s help, he went to theRestart Centerfor Digital Technology Sustainability—a retreat center outside Seattle. Now Poey is recovering from his Internet addiction there.

1）The bad news he gave us really________(使不安) all of us.

2） Children should spend more time taking exercise________(在户外) and less time watching TV at home.

3） Please, draw the __________ (窗帘) ,the sunlight is too bright.

4） She was disappointed to learn that her parents_________ (agree) with her decision.

5） Her son has gone abroad to study. She is quite________(牵挂) about him.

6）Tom has perfectly_________(痊愈) from his illness.

7）I said hello to her, but she_________(不理睬) me completely.

8） While________(walk) your dog, you should not loosen the rope to let the dog run around.

9） It is no pleasure________(join) in your walking.

10 ）He really enjoys himself there and plans to ________(settle) in Sanya.

(在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式，注意：每空至多3个词)

  1   time I have been changed quite a lot. I began as a   2  （calculate）machine in France in 1642. Although I was young I could simplify difficult sums, I developed very slowly and it   3  （take）nearly two hundred years before I was built   4   an analytical machine by Charles Babbage. After I was operated by an operator   5   used cards with holes, I could “think”   6  （logic）and produce an answer quicker   7   any person. In 1936 Alan Turing wrote a book about how I could be made   8  （work）as a “universal machine” to solve（解决）any difficult mathematical problem. From then on, I grew rapidly both ___9____size and in brainpower. By the 1949s I had grown as large as a room. However, this reality also worried my designers. As time went by,  I was made smaller. First as a PC and then as a laptop, I   10  （use）in offices and homes since the 1970s.

请根据句意，选择方框中的词，用其正确的形式填入句子的空白处,其中4个词是多余

1.   The Amber Room was a treasure _________ with gold and jewels, which took the country’s best artists about ten years to make.

2. The man has the spirit of adventure, and likes  ______the wild.

3. The Left Ear, directed by Su Youpeng, was _____________. 

4. He was deeply _________ by what I said.

5. The athletes were _______with each other for gold medals.

6. You must rely on me to help you. Or you will regret ________.

7. This room is specially ________ for the children.

8. He is a man who likes doing things __________.

9. Try to avoid foods which ________ a lot of fat.

10. They had to use ______________for the other three members of the band.

11. She _____ a serious car accident and the survival made their relatives very happy.

  I remember _________ _________ ________ ________ _______（曾经有一段时间） girls couldn’t go to school.

  It was the first time _______ ________ ________ ________ (他演唱) in this hall.

   Almost everybody in America will spend a part of his or her life behind a shopping cart(购物手推车). They will, in a lifetime, push thechrome-plated contraptionsmany miles. But few will know—or even think to ask—who it was that invented them.

Sylvan N. Goldman invented the shopping cart in 1937. At that time he was in the supermarket business. Every day he would see shoppers lugging(吃力地携带) groceries around in baskets they had to carry.

One day Goldman suddenly had the idea of putting baskets on wheels. The wheeled baskets would make shopping much easier for his customers, and would help to attract more business.

On June 4, 1937, Goldman’s first carts were ready for use in his market. He was terribly excited on the morning of that day as customers began arriving. He couldn’t wait to see them using his invention.

But Goldman was disappointed. Most shoppers gave the carts a long look, but hardly anybody would give them a try.

After a while, Goldman decided to ask customers why they weren’t using his carts. “Don’t you think this arm is strong enough to carry a shopping basket?” one shopper replied.

But Goldman wasn’t beaten yet. He knew his carts would be a great success if only he could persuade people to give them a try. To this end, Goldman hired a group of people to push carts around his market and pretend they were shopping! Seeing this, the real customers gradually began copying the phony(假冒的) customers.

As Goldman had hoped, the carts were soon attracting larger and larger numbers of customers to his market. But not only did more people come—those who came bought more. With larger, easier-to-handle baskets, customers unconsciously bought a greater number of items than before.

Today’s shopping carts are five times larger than Goldman’s original model. Perhaps that’s one reason Americans today spend more than five times as much money on food each year as they did before 1937—before the coming of the shopping cart.

Anne: I can’t stand this heat. I can’t give my attention to     41   (learn) for the mid-term exam. I guess I will have to go to the library this afternoon.

Mary: The dormitory does not have an air conditioner. I can’t study there,    42    . My roommate and I are thinking about moving out to an apartment    43    has an air conditioner.

Anne: Oh, I     44    (think) about moving for a long time. But if I live in an apartment, I will have to pay a lot of money for electricity. Do you know an air conditioner is     45    (expensive) today than it was 10 years ago? On the other hand, electricity prices have risen sharply.

Mary: I don’t know that.     46      do we have to pay for electricity?

Anne: Five years ago it was     47     (possibility) to run an air conditioner 24 hours a day for just $20 a month. Today running     48    same air conditioner costs more than $40 a month.

Mary: Oh, no. That’s     49     (extreme) expensive and I can’t afford it. Well I guess I will tell my roommate we will go to the library. If     50    doesn’t work out, we will sweat all summer.

41._______________ 42._____________ 43.______________ 44._______________

45._______________ 46.______________ 47._______________ 48.______________

49._______________ 50._______________