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            • 1. 阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要.
                  Getting rid of dirt,in the opinion of most people,is a good thing.However,there is nothing fixed about attitudes to dirt.
                  In the early 16th century,people thought that dirt on the skin was a means to block out disease,as medical opinion had it that washing off dirt with hot water could open up the skin and let ills in.A particular danger was,thought to lie in public baths.By 1538,the French king had closed the bath houses in his kingdom.So did the king of England in 1546.Thus began a long time when the rich and the poor in Europe lived with dirt in a friendly way.Henry IV,King of France,was famously dirty.Upon learning that a nobleman had taken a bath,the king ordered that,to avoid the attack of disease,the nobleman should not go out.
                  Though the belief in the merit of dirt was long-lived,dirt has no longer been regarded as a nice neighbor ever since the 18th century.Scientifically speaking,cleaning away dirt is good to health.Clean water supply and hand washing are practical means of preventing disease.Yet,it seems that standards of cleanliness have moved beyond science since World War II.Advertisements repeatedly sell the idea:clothes need to be whiter than white,cloths ever softer,surfaces to shine.Has the hate for dirt,however,gone too far?
                  Attitudes to dirt still differ hugely nowadays.Many first time parents nervously try to warn their children off touching dirt,which might be responsible for the spread of disease.On the contrary,Mary Ruebush,an American immunologist,encourages children to play in the dirt to build up a strong immune system.And the latter position is gaining some ground.(302 words)
            • 2.

              Literature is a term used to describe written as well as spoken material. Generally speaking, it is often used to describe anything from creative imagination, including works of poetry, drama and fiction.

                 Then why read literature, since it is often imaginary and seems unconnected with real life?

                 A lot of us read literature for pleasure and relaxation. It’s always pleasant to read some interesting books, such as comedies and novels, in our spare time. In a modern life full of pressure, it is our common desire to read some imaginary works and seek relaxation from the stress in life.

                 Reading literature is more than fun; it also enables us to acquire knowledge. As a general rule, literature represents a language or a people, and it often gives us an insight(洞察)into the traditions, customs, beliefs, attitudes and values of the age in which it was written.

                 Sometimes literature can even offer us new, creative ways to understand the world better. It helps us make sense of the world around us. It introduces us to new worlds of experiences. We enjoy the comedy and the tragedy of poems, stories and plays; and we may even grow through our literary journey with books. Eventually, we may discover meaning in literature by looking at what the author says and how he/she says it. In a sense, we explore the human condition and analyse how and why people think the way they think and feel the way they feel. Literature enables us to think analytically and open our minds. We see the world through the eyes of different cultures and in turn learn the ways to deal with things that happen around.

                 So we can definitely say literature is of great importance to us. Why not get going with one poem, drama or fiction at once?

                    Topic

                (1)    for reading literature

                  (2)   of literature

              It describes anything, whether written or spoken material, by using creative imagination.

                    Types

                (3)   ,  drama and fiction

               

               

               

                 (4)  of reading literature

              ◇Getting pleasure and relaxation to get rid of   (5)    in life.

              ◇Gaining  (6)   to make us learn about traditions, customs, beliefs, attitudes and values of the age in which it was written.

              ◇Offering people ways to have a better  (7)   of the world, to appreciate literary works, to grow through the literary journey,  to discover meaning in literature, and even explore   (8)   humans think and feel.

              ◇Helping us think analytically and make us  (9)   our minds.

                       90    

              Why not start to read literature right now?

              (1) _____________

              (2) _____________

              (3) _____________

              (4) _____________

              (5) _____________

              (6) _____________

              (7) _____________

              (8) _____________

              (9) _____________

              (10) _____________

            • 3.
              下面是一篇杂志文章,请将标有A&G的段落插入文章中标号1-5的合适位置,使这篇文章意义完整,结构连贯;其中有一个段落是多余的。

                 CATV is a short way of saying “community antenna(社区天线)television”. But “cable television” is the term most people use. [16] __________

                  Television signals do not follow the curve(曲线)of the earth.[17] __________ If you live only a few miles from a station, you may not get any picture at all.

                  [18] __________A community antenna was usually placed on a hill, a mountain, or on a high tower. The antenna picked up TV signals and fed them into a small local station. From the station, thick wires called cables ran out to nearby homes. Each person using the cable paid a monthly charge.

                  CATV worked well, and soon new uses were found for it. Local stations could feed programs into empty channels that were not in use. [19] __________

                  Today, cable television has moved into cities. It brings in extra programs that city viewers with regular antennas cannot see. [20] __________

              A. They travel in straight lines in all directions. Signals from a TV station move toward the horizon(地平线)and then go into space.

              B. The wide use of CATV is due to the widespread of the TV set in almost every family.

              C. Cable television allows viewers to receive TV programs that they cannot pick up with their regular antennas.

              D. People along the cable could have local news, weather reports, and farm and school news at no extra charge.

              E.CATV began in 1948.People in places far from TV stations shared the cost of putting up high antennas.

              F. It is also used in many classrooms throughout the country.

              G. Therefore, they could watch TV with extra charge.
            • 4.

              Are you feeling more of your true self when no one else is around than when someone else is around? Young children seem to get it right better than adults when it comes to being their true authentic self. They sing, laugh, dance and live with an abundance of energy and no worries of whether anyone else is watching them or what anyone else is thinking of them. However, adults are more on guard than children in social situations because conversations with others can lead them to feel mixed emotions with many shades of gray in between.

              In social situations, since you have a desire to be accepted by other people, you care too much about what you say and wonder whether it is agreeable. In addition, you study the other person’s body language to assess the authenticity of the person and focus on how the conversation is making you feel at that particular moment.

              There are certain types of people with a stronger personality, who tend to make others feel inferior by delivering more of an intense negative vibe. They simply can’t make others feel welcomed. Besides, some people who aren’t pleased with themselves sometimes have a way of characterizing other people in a negative light they themselves are hiding behind. Anyway, if someone that you’re talking to is miserable, then that can be contagious to you, making you miserable as well.

              There are some key factors that affect the way other people can make you feel. These factors include whether they are positive or negative about things, whether they’re delivering a sense of fear or love to you, whether their personality is intensive or not, whether they want to make you feel inferior or accepted and whether you can protect your emotions from another person’s negative vibe.

              You may not have the total control of how another person’s energy can make you feel at any given moment, but you can shield yourself by protecting your authenticity. If necessary, when you’re around certain people that you know can drain your energy, either physically or emotionally, put up an invisible protective shield around yourself to guard against other people’s negative input or vibe. Moreover, you have a choice of whether or not to accept the belief of what others think of you. Actually, what others think of you are simply their thoughts or feelings, but not facts. So it’s up to you to make the decision to dismiss it and don’t let it have any impact on you. More importantly, you’re perfect just the way you are!

              Feeling like Your Authentic Self in Social Situations

              A phenomenon

              Compared with children, adults are less likely to be their true authentic self in the  (1)   of others.

              Causes of your   (2)   of authenticity

              ·You desire other people’s acceptance while conversing, so you   (3)   watch what they say.

              ·During the conversation, you devote yourself to making   (4)   about the other person’s authenticity and focusing on your own feelings.

              ·You are not likely to feel as   (5)   as the other person due to his or her strong personality.

              ·You may be negatively influenced by someone who is miserable.

              Factors affecting your authenticity

              It can be influenced by some factors, including other people’s  (6)   towards things, the feelings they want to pass to you, the   (7)   of their personality intensity, their desire to control your feelings, and your   (8)   to protect your emotions.

              Tips on protecting your authenticity

              ·  (9)   to let others’ negativities affect you by erecting an invisible barrier against them.

              ·Don’t care too much about others’  (10)   of you.

              ·Keep in mind that you are original and incomparable.


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