1． All scientists (1) to the view that it is human activity that caused the global warming． This activity is burning fossil (2) to produce energy． As a result， a natural (3) called the "greenhouse effect" has (4) ． Without this phenomenon， the earth would be cooler than it is． So we need those gases． However， the global temperature will rise when we add huge (5) of extra carbon dioxide into the atmosphere． The attitudes of scientists (6) this rise are completely different． Some think the trend would be a (7) while others are (8) to this view， and they believe that any warming will be (9) with few bad environmental (10) ．

2．

Just as team members today have assigned doing roles, there should also be thinking roles. Knowing how other members of your team and organization think — and others knowing how you think — can help promote efficiency. So how should you evaluate how you and your team think? After a lot of trial-and-error, we developed a three-step method that delivers practical and meaningful results.

Focus. Do you tend to pay the most attention to ideas, process, action, or relationships? For example, in the morning as you think about the day ahead, do you tend to think about the problems you need to solve, the plans you need to make, the actions you need to take, or the people you need to see? This isn’t about picking one to the exclusion (排除) of the other. It’s about where your focus naturally lands.

Orientation (方向). A good way to identify your orientation is thinking about what tends to bother you in meetings. Are you more likely to complain about getting dragged into the weeds or about things being too general and not specific enough? These dimensions are complementary (补充的) to personality, skills, and traditional roles.

Combination. By combining these two dimensions you can know about the thinking style at work in whatever context or setting you chose. When you know your thinking style, you know what naturally energizes (激发) you, why certain types of problems are challenging or boring, and what you can do to improve in areas that are important to reaching your goals. Once you know your style, it helps to share it with others, and have others share theirs with you. In this way, your thinking style becomes a useful tool — a kind of social currency — for the team. Imagine you put together a team to work on a new initiative (行动). Wouldn’t you like to know who is energized by big-picture strategy discussions and who finds them frustrating? Who likes to work on the details of the execution? And who is energized by managing the team dynamics?

The landscape of business is changing rapidly, and we have to find new and better ways to connect and communicate. We all want to work better together; the challenge is actually making it happen. Understanding collaboration (合作) through the lens of thinking rather than doing is a practical and powerful step forward.

What Kind of Thinker Are You?
Introduction	◆ Both assigned doing roles and thinking roles are   (1)    important among team members. ◆ Team members knowing how each other think can be more     (2)  .
Three steps in   (3)   thinking styles	◆ The first step is to identify the   (4)   of your thinking in a particular context. ◆ It is not about making a   (5)  , but about finding where your focus naturally lands.
	The next step is to notice what you really complain about, the general things or the   (6)   ones.
	◆ The third step is to   (7)   these two dimensions and see your thinking style at work. ◆ Knowing your thinking style contributes to the   (8)   of  thinking styles among the team members.
Conclusion	◆ To work better, we have to strengthen connection and   (9)  . ◆ Understanding  (10)  we think can help us work better together.

3．

Once I was sent to attend a seminar（研讨会）. It was pouring outside.   (1)   I was holding an umbrella, my trouser legs as well as my shoes and socks, still got wet. When I entered the hall, suddenly I   (2)   (catch) sight of my chief boss coming in.

At that time, I just got the job. Therefore, I hurriedly went   (3)   (meet) this boss and introduced myself to him as I was   (4)   newcomer, named so-and-so. He said: “Yes, I recognize you. Got your feet wet?” I lowered my head to look at my trouser legs and with a

  (5)   (help) tone, I said, “Yeah. It’s raining cats and dogs, isn’t it?”  (6)   (stare) at me for a moment, the chief boss said nothing with a smile.

Later on, I mentioned the incident to my colleague. And I learnt that I   (7)   (make) a big fool of myself. It turns out that “Get one’s feet wet” is an American slang, with the meaning of “reaching the state of affairs.” But I regarded   (8)   ( I ) as humorous and replied with a slang sentence, which is seldom used now to describe the rain falling   (9)   

 (heavy). This was completely off the point. I am lucky that the chief boss did not point it out   (10)   the spot.

4．
When it comes to being socially successful, the quantity of your relationships is irrelevant. The important thing is the quality of them. I would rather have a small team that works in concert than a big team so scattered（分散的）that nothing ever gets done. It’s better to have a few close friends who love you for who you are than a lot of acquaintances who you’re not so comfortable with.Here are five ways you can make people enjoy being around you.
Be confident, but not cocky.There is a big difference between healthy confidence and arrogant（傲慢的）cockiness. A confident person, when complimented about a wonderful thing they did, would reply with a simple “thank you.” A cocky person would take the opportunity to perform an unscheduled Academy Award acceptance speech. A confident person would offer praise for everybody who contributed to their success. A cocky person would claim all the credit for themselves without a second thought. Cocky people might experience temporary perks, but long-lasting success is a prize reserved for the confident.


Be approachable, but not a pushover.
You should welcome your friends and coworkers with open arms. It’s hard to find a person who will offer a listening ear in time of need, so fulfilling that need will help you become a person people trust. But there can be too much of a good thing. If you find yourself with invitations you’re not that interested in, don’t be afraid to politely reject them. If your schedule becomes occupied by people desiring your attention, set some ground rules and prioritize（优先考虑）. To take care of others, you must first take care of yourself.

Be direct in expression, but not nasty in delivery.
Receiving honesty with no filter （过滤）is like finding a massive glass of ice water during a desert adventure. Speak words of truth, and people will be refreshed to hear them. Most people sugarcoat their opinions, so a willingness to tell it how you see it will win the appreciation of your friends and coworkers. But here’s the catch: delivery is everything. There is a big difference between “Your article sucks” and “I like the general concept, but I think it might play better if you try if from a different angle.” Truth is something you should aim for, but it isn’t a ticket to be nasty to people. To deliver honest and helpful feedback, use this sentence structure: “ I liked (insert positive quality), but I think it would be better if (constructive criticism/ suggestion for improvement).”

Be mindful of your actions, but not absorbed in yourself.
Have you ever found yourself nervous while fielding questions in a job interview or talking to a cute person you have a crush on? So eager to make a positive first impression that you can’t escape the constant stream of thoughts causing you to doubt if you’re saying and doing the right things? As a consequence, you might find yourself so self-absorbed that you can’t focus on what the other person is saying. The less time you spend questioning yourself and the more time you spend actively listening to the other person, the better off you will be.

Be assertive, but not overbearing.
There is a thin line between being assertive and overbearing, so let’s take a look at their definitions.
assertive (adjective): having or showing a confident and forceful personally
overbearing (adjective): unpleasantly or arrogantly domineering （专横的）
An assertive person would confidently (and politely) ask friends or networking contacts for help if they needed it (and hopefully offer to return the favor). An overbearing person would force people to get what they wanted without a second thought about how their actions affected others. Being overbearing will make people avoid you because no one wants to help a pushy person. 
Being assertive will attract people to you, if you can reflect confidence and enthusiasm.
                                   Five Secrets of Socially Successful People

Outline	Details
Brief introduction	The quality of your relationship 72._________ whether you can be socially successful. Having a few truly close friends is what really 73. ________
71._________ to make people enjoy being around you	●  The responses of confident and cocky people 74._________when they are    highly thought of for what they do. Learn to be confident.
	●  Listening to others in need helps you win 75.__________.●  Turning down 76.__________ you show no interest in is acceptable
	●  You will be appreciated if you express your opinions in a 77.___________   manner.
	●  Be mindful of your actions. wanting 78.__________ to impress others will    cause you to fall into self-absorption.
	●  By 79.__________ their definitions, you will see the differences between   “assertive” and “overbearing”. Being overbearing will make people avoid    you 80.__________ being assertive will attract people to you.

5．

A

    These changes only became possible as my memory improved．First it was stored in tubes，then on transistors and later on very small chips．As a result I totally changed my shape．As I have grown older I have also grown smaller．71．________And my memory became so large that even I couldn't believe it！But I was always so lonely standing there by myself，until in the early 1960s

they gave me a family connected by a network．I was able to share my knowledge with others through the World Wide Web．

    Since the 1970s many new applications have been found for me．I have become very important in communication，finance and trade．72．________I have even been put into space rockets and sent to explore the Moon and Mars．73．________I am no wtruly filled with happiness that I am a devoted friend and helper of the human race！

B

    Many musicians meet and forma band because they like to write and play their own music．74．________Sometimes they may play to passers-by in the street or subway so that they can earn some extra money for themselves or to pay for their instruments．75．________Of course they hope to make records in a studio and sell millions of copies to become millionaires！

6．

7． Nelson Mandela, (1)__________was born on July 18, 1918, is(2)___________  first black president of South (3)___________(African). He wanted to be a  (4)______(law) after he left university. In 1944 he formed the ANC (5) __________(young) League. Then in 1952 he set up a law office to help poor black people. Because( 6)____________  fighting (7)____________ the government and anti-black laws, he was (8)____________(sentence) to five years hard labor. Fighters from ANC began to  blow  up buildings in 1963 and he was put in prison on Robben Island. Twenty-seven years (9)____________,he was freed by the white government. In 1993 he was (10)____________(make) president and the government by and for black people was  set up. Nelson Mandela is a great man.

8． Do you ever feel like you are studying a mad rush of one subject after another? When things happen at such afastpace, it is easy to lose sight of what you are learning. It is important to stop every now and then to think about what you have been learning. 
   Self-reflection means stopping the mad rush and calming yourself so that your brain can evaluate what it has already received. Some people prefer to do their self-reflections mentally, while others keep a journal. Either method can work, depending on what your own personal style is. 
   School textbooks are often divided into units. This can make iteasyfor someone to begin the process of self- reflection. Watch for the times when you complete a unit of study. Sometimes you are reminded that the unit is finished because there is some kind of test or quiz. Use these naturalbreaksas opportunities to stop and reflect.
  You should find a quiet place—anywhere without noise is OK. This can even be sitting at your desk at school when you finish something early and the other students are still working. If you are going to take notes, take out your journal. Write down some notes on things that younewlylearned in this unit. Let your mind think about the notes you have written and make some connections.
   Sometimes just pausing to think deeply allows your brain to make connections so that new information can quickly appear when you need it again. Next, think about things that you still wonder about. For example, maybe you learned about a certain body system, but you don’t know how it works with the other body systems. Maybe you learned a new way to solve a math problem, but you are not sure when to use it. Writing down your questions will help you remember to continue seeking answers the next time you come across the same topic. 
  Self-reflection is an essential skill for a successful student. If you have never taken the time to reflect, try it now. 

Title : Self-reflection
(1)	It meansstopping the mad rush and calming yourself so that your brain can make a(n)  (2)  _ of what it has already received. Some people are in _  (3)   to do their self- reflections mentally while others keep a journal but either method can work, depending on what your own personal style is.
_  (4)  _ for self-reflection	It’s easy to   (5)   to see what you are learning if you are studying a mad rush of one subject after another at a fast pace.
When to reflect	Some natural breaks   (6)  test or quiz can be used as opportunities to stop and reflect.
Process of self-reflection	Find a quiet place even at school when you complete thing  (7)  _____ than others. Write down some notes on things that younewlylearned in this unit Think about the notes you have written and make some connections so that new information can be  (8)  _when necessary. Think aboutthings that you still wonder about, which will   (9)  _ you of seeking answers the next time you encounter the same topic.
Conclusion	It’s   (10)   for students who want to be successful to reflect themselves.

9．

Many people believe they are supposed to drink eight glasses of water a day, or about two liters. Why? Because that is the amount of water they have been told all their life. But a recent report offers some different advice. Experts suggest people should obey their bodies: they should drink as much water as they feel like drinking.

The report says most healthy people meet their daily needs for liquid by letting thirst be their guide. The report is from the Institute of Medicine, which provides scientific and technical advice to the government and the public. The report contains some general suggestions. It says women should get about 2.7 liters of water daily and men about 3.7 liters. But wait–in each case, that is more than eight glasses.

There is one important difference. The report does not tell people how many glasses of water are needed to meet these guidelines. This is because the daily water requirement can include the water content in foods.

As you might expect, the Institute of Medicine says people need to drink more water when they are physically active. The same is true of those who live in hot climates. Depending on heat and activity, people could need twice as much water as others do.

All this, however, does not answer one question. No one seems sure why people have the idea that good health requires eight glasses of water daily. It may have started with a misunderstanding.

How much water we should drink every day