Have you ever run into a careless cell phone user on the street？Perhaps they were busy talking，texting or checking updates on WeChat(微信) without looking at what was going on around them. As the number of this new “species” of human has kept rising. They have been given a new name－phubbers (低头族)．
    Recently，a cartoon created by students from China Central Academy of Fine Arts put this group of people under the spotlight. In the short film，phubbers with various social identities bury themselves in their phones. A doctor plays with his cell phone while letting his patient die，a pretty woman takes selfie（自拍）in front of a car accident site，and a father loses his child without knowing about it while using his mobile phone. A chain of similar events eventually leads to the destruction of the world.
    Although the ending sounds overstated the damage phubbing can bring is real.
    Your health is the first to bear the effect and result of it. “Constantly bending your head to  check your cell phone could damage your neck，” Guangming Daily quoted doctors as saying，“the neck is like a rope that breaks after long­-term stretching.” Also，staring at cell phones for long periods of time will damage your eyesight gradually，according to the report.
    But that’s not all. Being a phubber could also damage your social skills and drive you away from your friends and family. At reunions with family or friends，many people tend to stick to their cell phones while others are chatting happily with each other and this creates a strange atmosphere，Beijing Evening News reported.
    It can also cost you your life. There have been lots of reports on phubbers who fell to their death，suffered accidents，and were robbed of their cell phones in broad daylight.

Order is the best manager of time. It illustrates many subjects. Thus, obedience to the natural law is order. Virtue is order. The world began with it.   (1)  was once common before its establishment.

The merchant, the clerk and the laborer are all of the same   (2)  , born with the same expectations and affected by similar influences. They are, it is   (3)  , born in different positions, but it   (4)  with themselves whether they shall live nobly or evilly. They may not have their choice of riches or poverty, but they have their   (5)   of being good or evil.

People of the highest position,   (6)   culture and education, have often as great hardships as the common people. They have to make their incomes go much further. They have to   (7)   their social status.   (8)  their incomes may be less satisfactory, they are desperate to   (9)  and bring the children up as gentlemen.

Hume, a famous historian, was a man of good family but his   (10)   were very small when he was young. In his autobiography, he uses his own case as a(n)   (11)  of the advantages of frugality(节省). Despite a considerable debt, his mother, a widow,   (12)  met the difficulties and eventually overcame them. Though her income was less than that of many highly paid men, she educated her children well and brought them up   (13)  .

Hume says, “While studying in France, I   (14)   that plan of life which I have steadily and successfully pursued. I determined to make a   (15)  frugality supply of my shortage of fortune and to   (16)   my own words: “My appointments, with my frugality, had helped me reach a fortune which made me   (17)  .”

Goethe says, “It doesn’t matter within what circle an honest man acts, provided he knows how to   (18)   that circle.” “What is the best government?” Goethe asks. “That which teaches us to   (19)   ourselves! Let every one only do the right in his place, without   (20)   himself about the confusion of the world.”

阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。

Students decide to take a job while being in university because of two reasons, on the one hand，they need money; on the other hand，they want to experience something new and they want to see what working means. But is it good to take a job while you are a university student? There are both advantages and disadvantages if we were to answer this question. If we were to think about the advantages, we could mention the ones I have just discussed. Having a job at an early age helps us gain experience, which will be very useful to our later life. We may become financially independent and donˈt need to ask our parents for money each time we want to go downtown with our friends, or spend the holiday at the seaside or in the mountains.

However, students who take a job might have problems in spending enough time on their study. If they work during the day, they may have to be absent from their classes, and if they work at night they will feel tired the next day. They may choose to stay at home, resting. Whatˈs worse, some students may even get bored with study.

Well, this fact happens every now and then, but there are cases when well-prepared students take a part-time job but at the same time they make time for study, too. And they have good results. Their case is a good example to follow among the students who decide to work while being in university. Anyway, we need to keep in mind that study is the most important job for a student.

随着人们生活水平的提高，“广场舞大妈”们掀起了一场广场舞热潮，甚至把广场舞跳出了国门。请以广场舞为主题，完成一篇文章，内容包括：

1. 描述当前广场舞的现状

2. 分析这种现象产生的原因

3. 陈述利弊以及表明个人态度

参考词汇：广场舞：square dance 现象: phenomenon

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Bill Gates recently predicted that online learning will make place-based colleges less significant, and five years from now, students will be able to find the best lectures in the world online. I applaud Mr. Gates. But what’s taking us so long?

As early as 1997, MIT(麻省理工)decided to post videos of all university lectures online, for free, for all people. But today, how many students have you met who mastered advanced mathematics or nuclear physics from an MIT online video? Unfortunately, the answer is not many.

The problem is the poor quality of online education websites and the experience they provide to students. Those who go to the MIT website and watch courses online are surely very smart people, but it’s not like playing a video game such as World of Warcraft. Only the most ardent students, those who are highly motivated, will devote themselves to studying these boring online videos.

The real question is why we aren’t spending more to develop better online education platforms. Where is the “Avatar” of education? Think about this. The market forHollywoodfilms per year is worth around 30 billion USD. Education in the world is a trillion-dollar-a-year market, hundreds of times bigger thanHollywoodmovies. Yet the most expensive digital learning system ever built cost well under 100 million dollars.

Bill Gates’ prediction is going to happen. There is no doubt about it. But it will only happen when we create high-level educational content and experiences that engage and excite more than has ever been possible in the real world.

Why does nearly everyone instantly look more attractive with sunglasses on? You know you’re at least a little curious. And so was Vanessa Brown, a senior lecturer of art and design at Nottingham Trent University in the U.K. Her research focuses on the meaning we assign to everyday objects, and in her academic book that’s coming out early next year, she explores the cultural and psychological relationship between sunglasses and our modern idea of “cool”. In an e-mail to Science of Us, Brown explained what her research has uncovered about why most of us look better in shades.

Sunglasses do make your face look better. Put on a pair of sunglasses, and there’ll be instantsymmetry（对称）! The dark lenses cover up any non-symmetrical features around your eyes, and research on facial attractiveness shows a clear link between symmetry and our ideas of beauty.

Many of the snap judgments we form about people come from looking them in the eyes. “The eyes are such atremendoussource of information for the human being,” Brown explained. Eye contact helps us form judgments about someone’s intelligence, confidence, and sincerity, and sunglasses keep us literally in the dark about forming thoseperceptionsabout a person. A recent study showed that people who wore sunglasses acted more selfishly and dishonestly than those wearing eyeglasses, which, the researchers argue, suggests that sunglasses cheat us into feeling more unknown.

Sunglasses are a relatively modern everyday accessory. Sales started to pick up in the 1920s, but they didn’t becomecommonplaceuntil about two decades after that. In their early days sunglasses were primarily used during risky water and snow sports, and were also associated with new technologies like airplane travel, which made them seem “daring and thoroughly modern”.

Soon after that, Hollywood stars of the 1950s and 1960s started wearing sunglasses to defend themselves from being recognized by the public or harassed bypaparazzi（狗仔队）, whose flashbulbs would often explode violently, sometimes literally in their faces. But regardless of practicality, movie stars’ adoption of the sunglasses strengthened the link between sunglasses and attractiveness.

现在，越来越多的城市家庭饲养宠物犬，对此《21世纪英文报》组织了一场讨论：城市内是否可以养宠物犬？请参考下图的各类信息，介绍讨论情况，并说明自己的观点。

注意：(1)词数100字左右；(2)可适当增减情节，使行文连贯; (3)文章开头已给，不计入总词数。

Recently we have had a heated discussion on whether people should keep pet dogs at home in cities.________________________________

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    The sharing economy, represented by companies like Airbnb or Uber, is the latest fashion craze. But many supporters have overlooked the reality that this new business model is largely based on escaping regulations（规则）and breaking the law.

    Airbnb is an Internet-based service that allows people to rent out spare rooms to strangers for short stays. Uber is an Internet taxi service that allows thousands of people to answer ride requests with their own cars. There are hundreds of other such services.

    The good thing about the sharing economy is that it promotes the use of underused resources. Millions of people have houses or apartments with empty rooms, and Airbnb allows them to profit from these rooms while allowing guests a place to stay at prices that are often far less than those charged by hotels. Uber offers prices that are competitive with standard taxi prices and their drivers are often much quicker and more trustworthy（值得信任的）.

    But the downside of the sharing economy has gotten much less attention. Most cities and states both tax and regulate hotels, and the tourists who stay in hotels are usually an important source of tax income. But many of Airbnb’s customers are not paying the taxes required under the law.

    Airbnb can also raise issues of safety for its customers and trouble for hosts’ neighbors. Hotels are regularly inspected（检查）to ensure that they are not fire traps and that they don’t form other risks for visitors. Airbnb hosts face no such inspections.

    Since Airbnb is allowing people to escape taxes and regulations, the company is simply promoting（引起）theft. Others in the economy will lose by bearing an additional tax burden or being forced to live next to an apartment unit with a never-ending series of noisy visitors.

    The same story may apply with Uber. Uber is currently arguing over whether its cars meet the safety and insurance requirements which are accepted by standard taxis. Also, if Uber and related services flood the market, they could harm all taxi drivers’ ability to earn a minimum wage.

    This downside of the sharing needs to be taken seriously, but that doesn’t mean the current tax and regulatory structure is perfect.

注意：

1．对所给要点逐一陈述，适当发挥，不要简单翻译。

2．词数100左右。

3．作文中不得提及考生所在班级和本人姓名。

参考词汇：网络朋友 online friend(s)；上当受骗 to be cheated；意见 opinion

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