1． Pubs have been the cornerstone of British society for hundreds of years：Over the years，British Pubs have developed many traditions．Had you visited a pub in the 1990s，yon might have noticed the ringing of the bell around 11p．m．，signaling that the pub was about to close．（36） ______
During World War I，the British Government decided that pubs must close at nine thirty in the evening （later to change to 11p．m．）．（37） ______ Ringing a bell was a clear signal to let everyone know that the time was about to close．
（38） ______ Before that depending on what kind of entertainment a place offered，there was a different license，for example a cinema needed a different license form a theater．A pub needed a different license from a night cafe．The different licenses that existed at the time were combined into one．Additionally，every three years the person responsible for the pub had to renew their license which was valid for only one location．This period of validity was extended to ten years and also the license was able to transfer from one location to another．（39） ______ It also became much easier and cheaper for owners to put on entertainment such as music bands．Cutting down on needless paperwork was predicted to save l.97billion pounds over ten years!One of the biggest effects，however，was that ninety years after the 11p．m．closing time was introduced，pubs were able to decide when they would close．（40） ______

A．Therefore，it became easier to apply for and process applications．
B．This was to minimize the risk of tired workers and potential loss in productivity．
C．British troops were fighting fierce battles with their enemies．
D．And they can have more flexibility in terms of opening hours．
E．How did this come about？
F．Do you want to visit a British pub？
G．Later，however，there was a major shake up in the licensing laws．

2． It is necessary to be reasonable and flexible enough to avoid conflicts as much as possible and live in peace with others．（36） ______ If you have done all your best to avoid conflicts and you are still arguing，then read these effective tips on how to avoid conflicts．
Don't get in the center of the conflict．
Sometimes people can get in the center of conflicts due to their enthusiasm for offering help．Frankly speaking，it is very unwise，because it can make you the main figure of the conflict．（37） ______ You should focus on your own life issues．
Be kind．
（38） ______ Life is full of conflicts and disagreements，that's why you should find more conservative ways of dealing with them．For example，kindness can lessen the conflict．
Try to be a peacekeeper．
Peacekeepers tend to cooperate with people without bad emotions which usually lead to arguments and even conflicts．"（39） ______ "This saying is the life motto of a natural-born peacekeeper．Don't worry if you are not a natural-born peacekeeper； you can gain this skill during life．
Walk off．
When the conflict is gathering pace and you can't manage to control yourself，you should choose to handle the situation in another way．By all means，try to keep yourself away from stress．（40） ______ You should get away from the situation for a while．

A．The greatest victory is a battle not fought．
B．Conflicts are unavoidable，so try to accept them．
C．Weak people usually desire others to offer help and support．
D．Let other people solve their problems without your presence．
E．It is helpful to put some distance between yourself and the opponent．
F．When someone pushes you to the limit，try to act kindly towards this person．
G．Arguing can either break your friendship or affect your relationship to some degree．

3． Why do girls have to play sports？You might say"to get exercise"and you'd be right．To have fun？（26） ______ But there's more．In fact，there are at least four more reasons．According to the Women's Sports Foundation，girls who play sports get a lot more than just health．
Girls who play sports do better in school．（27） ______ But research shows that girls who play sports do better in school than those who don't．Exercise improves learning，memory and concentration，which can give active girls an advantage in the classroom．
Girls who play sports learn teamwork and goal-setting skills．Sports teach valuable life skills．When working with coaches，trainers and teammates to win games and achieve goals，you're learning how to be successful．（28） ______
Playing sports builds up self-confidence．Girls who play sports feel better about themselves．Why？（29） ______ Sports are also a feel-good activity because they help girls get in shape，keep a healthy weight，and make new friends．
（30） ______ Playing sports can reduce stress and help girls feel a little happier．How？The brain chemicals released during exercise improve a person's mood．Friends are another mood-lifter．And being on a team creates tight bonds between friends．It's good to know your teammates will support you-both on and off the field!

A．That's true，too．
B．What do you picture when you think of girls playing sports？
C．Those skills will serve you well at work and in family life．
D．An energetic girl can bring more fun to the people around her．
E．You might think that sports will take up some of your study time．
F．Exercise cuts the pressure．
G．It builds confidence when you know you can practice，improve and achieve your goals．

4． Too many of us are waiting too long to live our best lives．We keep putting everything off until tomorrow．Then，before we know it，we find ourselves asking，"How did it get so late so soon？"
So we'd better make today the beginning of our new life．Take time to figure ourselves out．Take time to realize what we want and need．Take time to love，laugh，cry，and learn．（11） ______ ．Here are five things we should start doing today：
Accept ourselves．The secret to happiness and success is the acceptance of ourselves．We will never become who we want to be if we rely on everyone else to qualify us．（12） ______ ．So always go with ourselves，never against ourselves．Be who we were created to be and we will set the world on fire．
Make ourselves a priority．To tell the truth，there are only a few people in this world who will stay 100% true to us，so we should stay true to ourselves．Put our own needs into the list of things to do．
（13） ______ ．Don't sit back and let things happen to us．Go out and make things happen．We are what we do，not what we say we'll do．Stop saying"I wish"and start saying"I will"．Turn our dreams into plans．
Do the work．We can't underestimate （低估） a person who always works hard．Be that person．（14） ______ ．Always remember that the task ahead of us is never greater than the strength within us．Do what's right，not what's easy．Our dreams are worth it．
（15） ______ ．We can't force things to happen； we can only drive ourselves trying crazily．There's a time and place for everything．So don't force what's not yet supposed to fit into our life．When it's meant to be，it will be．Work hard，and be patient．
A．Take positive action．
B．Enjoy every moment of life．
C．Life is shorter than it often seems．
D．Everyone has a different way of life．
E．Accept ourselves just the way we are．
F．Allow life to happen like it's supposed to．
G．In life，we don't get what we wish for； we get what we work for．

5． A．Agra Fort
Near the gardens of the Taj Mahal stands the important 16th-century Mughal monument known as the Red Fort of Agra．This powerful fortress of red sandstone encompasses，within its 2.5-km-long enclosure walls，the imperial city of the Mughal rulers．It comprises many fairy-tale palaces，such as the Jahangir Palace and the Khas Mahal，built by Shah Jahan； audience halls，such as the Diwan-i-Khas； and two very beautiful mosques．
B．Taj Mahal
Taj Mahal is regarded as one of the eight wonders of the world，and some Western historians have noted that its architectural beauty has never been surpassed．The Taj is the most beautiful monument built by the Mughals，the Muslim rulers of India．Taj Mahal is built entirely of white marble．It was constructed over a period of twenty-two years，employing twenty thousand workers．It was completed in 1648C．E．at a cost of 32Million Rupees．
C．Keoladeo National Park
This former duck-hunting reserve of the Maharajas is one of the major wintering areas for large numbers of aquatic birds from Afghanistan，Turkmenistan，China and Siberia．Some 364species of birds，including the rare Siberian crane，have been recorded in the park．
D．Humayun's Tomb，Delhi
This tomb，built in 1570，is of particular cultural significance as it was the first garden-tomb on the Indian subcontinent．It inspired several major architectural innovations，culminating in the construction of the Taj Mahal．The gardens also contain the red-and-white sandstone and black-and-yellow marble tomb of Humayun's wife and the tomb of Humayun's barber．
E．Grand Canyon National Park
The Grand Canyon is perhaps the most awesome sight in the United States--and one of the wonders of the world．Much of the park's beauty is related to its geology and ecology．Schmidt explores the shape of the land，its plants and animals，and its human history．A fascinating book that everyone visiting the Grand Canyon should read．The Skywalk at Grand Canyon West is really exciting．
F．Sundarbans National Park
The Sundarbans covers 10，000sq．km of land and water （more than half of it in India，the rest in Bangladesh） in the Ganges delta．It contains the world's largest area of mangrove forests．A number of rare or endangered species live in the park，including tigers，aquatic mammals，birds and reptiles．

请阅读以下旅游者的信息，然后匹配旅游者和他/她拟旅游的景点．
46．Carina is fond of art and likes travelling very much．In order to take part in the following exhibition，she wants to take some photos of birds from all over the world，especially the rare Siberian crane．In the meanwhile，she doesn't want to spend too much money．
47．Daisy's major is bilogy．She is interested in studies of tigers in India．Before graduation，she needs to write an essay on the tiger．She hears that it is one of the largest tiger populations of any of India's parks．And so she wants to go there to do some research．
48．Alexander is a college student of Physics．He learns that this canyon is a gift from past generations that goes beyond what we experience．He is looking forward to going there and experiencing the Skywalk in the park．
49．Sammy majors in history．He will visit it again this summer．He says it's built entirely of white Marble and is one of the eight wonders of the world．Its beauty is beyond description，particularly at dawn and sunset．It seems to glow in the light of the full moon．On a foggy morning，the visitors experience it as if suspended when viewed from across the Jamuna river．
50．Nancy comes from the history department．Last summer she visited the ancient markets of Agra and this year she wants to visit it again．Not long ago she said："Arriving at the Delhi airport，we representatives were warmly received．Our tirdness flew in seconds by the traditional welcome that we got at the hotel's reception．"The next day they visited the famous tomb．
46． ______ 47． ______ 48． ______ 49． ______ 50． ______ ．

6． How To Learn English Effectively
       Have you ever tried to study English, but it turned out it’s too difficult for you? Well, let me tell you that the language is easy once you keep in mind these golden rules:
Always study and review phrases, not individual words.
    Did somebody give you a dictionary when you started learning your native language as a child? No? Then why do you keep using it when studying a foreign language? Memorizing individual words has absolutely no sense without the context.   (1)   Don’t study grammar.
     When you start thinking about what construction to use, you begin to stammer, stop sounding natural. Your responses should become automatic to master the language, so instead of studying theory – take more practice! When you speak, you donˈt have time for considering what tense is appropriate, one hundred percent correct.   (2)   Grammar is important in writing, not in speaking.   (3)  
    One of the most common mistakes when studying a foreign language is relying solely on textbooks. Thanks to them you may know a lot of grammar and vocabulary, but youˈre still not capable of conducting a conversation. It is because you should learn English by listening and not by reading. If you listen more, youˈll grasp useful vocabulary and grammar without even realizing it and without memorizing!Learn English deeply.
       Remember itˈs always about quality, not about quantity.   (4)   When memorizing the phrases (remember the first rule!) slowly, you put them into the deeper parts of your brain so they donˈt fade away quickly.Listen and answer, not listen and repeat.
    (5)  If you practice listening with a podcast or a video, pause it every 20 – 30 second and summarize what has been said. You have to think quickly, so you stop bothering yourself with useless grammar and start to speak the real, living language!

(1) A. Studying grammar is the quickest way to slow down your progress.

B. Instead of learning dozens of new words in a short time, try repeating one, but dozens of times.

C. But you donˈt need to think about that.

D.  Learning whole phrases is much more effective.

E. You should answer the questions asked by the speaker instead of mindlessly retelling his words.

F. Use only authentic English materials.

G. Learn with your ears, not with your eyes.

(2) A. Studying grammar is the quickest way to slow down your progress.

B. Instead of learning dozens of new words in a short time, try repeating one, but dozens of times.

C. But you donˈt need to think about that.

D.  Learning whole phrases is much more effective.

E. You should answer the questions asked by the speaker instead of mindlessly retelling his words.

F. Use only authentic English materials.

G. Learn with your ears, not with your eyes.

(3) A. Studying grammar is the quickest way to slow down your progress.

B. Instead of learning dozens of new words in a short time, try repeating one, but dozens of times.

C. But you donˈt need to think about that.

D.  Learning whole phrases is much more effective.

E. You should answer the questions asked by the speaker instead of mindlessly retelling his words.

F. Use only authentic English materials.

G. Learn with your ears, not with your eyes.

(4) A. Studying grammar is the quickest way to slow down your progress.

B. Instead of learning dozens of new words in a short time, try repeating one, but dozens of times.

C. But you donˈt need to think about that.

D.  Learning whole phrases is much more effective.

E. You should answer the questions asked by the speaker instead of mindlessly retelling his words.

F. Use only authentic English materials.

G. Learn with your ears, not with your eyes.

(5) A. Studying grammar is the quickest way to slow down your progress.

B. Instead of learning dozens of new words in a short time, try repeating one, but dozens of times.

C. But you donˈt need to think about that.

D.  Learning whole phrases is much more effective.

E. You should answer the questions asked by the speaker instead of mindlessly retelling his words.

F. Use only authentic English materials.

G. Learn with your ears, not with your eyes.

7．

 This habit was picked from my teacher back in 1998. Back then it seemed trivial (琐碎) and not likely to make any significant influence on my life.   (1)  

   The habit that has made the greatest influence on my life is scheduling. In my mind, it is the tiny daily habit that indeed can be life-changing. Scheduling is not just about the ordering of tasks throughout the day.  (2)   If you are able to design the right schedule and follow it, you are able to gain massive rewards for your work.

     (3)   However, everything is likely to boil down to the most precious asset (财富), namely time. If you are able to master your time and follow the schedule, you will not lose any minute doing things that do not matter or add no value. The tiny daily habit of scheduling your day is important. In the short term, it might seem boring and inefficient.  (4)   It can provide you with the greatest opportunity possible.

     (5)  

(1) A. Master your time!

B. Only time will tell.

C. Forming tiny daily habit is not an easy task for us.

D. However, a few years later I realized its true power.

E. It is about the proper allocation and usage of your time and effort.

F. One can endlessly argue about the things that have the biggest value in our lives.

G. However, in the long run, the habit of scheduling your tasks and plans will pay off.

(2) A. Master your time!

B. Only time will tell.

C. Forming tiny daily habit is not an easy task for us.

D. However, a few years later I realized its true power.

E. It is about the proper allocation and usage of your time and effort.

F. One can endlessly argue about the things that have the biggest value in our lives.

G. However, in the long run, the habit of scheduling your tasks and plans will pay off.

(3) A. Master your time!

B. Only time will tell.

C. Forming tiny daily habit is not an easy task for us.

D. However, a few years later I realized its true power.

E. It is about the proper allocation and usage of your time and effort.

F. One can endlessly argue about the things that have the biggest value in our lives.

G. However, in the long run, the habit of scheduling your tasks and plans will pay off.

(4) A. Master your time!

B. Only time will tell.

C. Forming tiny daily habit is not an easy task for us.

D. However, a few years later I realized its true power.

E. It is about the proper allocation and usage of your time and effort.

F. One can endlessly argue about the things that have the biggest value in our lives.

G. However, in the long run, the habit of scheduling your tasks and plans will pay off.

(5) A. Master your time!

B. Only time will tell.

C. Forming tiny daily habit is not an easy task for us.

D. However, a few years later I realized its true power.

E. It is about the proper allocation and usage of your time and effort.

F. One can endlessly argue about the things that have the biggest value in our lives.

G. However, in the long run, the habit of scheduling your tasks and plans will pay off.

8．

Secretcodes(密码）keepmessagesprivate.Banks, companies,andgovernmentagenciesusesecretcodesindoingbusiness,especiallywheninformationissentbycomputer.

Peoplehaveusedsecretcodesforthousandsofyears.   (1)  Codebreakingneverlags(落后）farbehindcodemaking.Thescienceofcreatingandreadingcodedmessagesiscalledcryptography.

Therearethreemaintypesofcryptography.   (2)   Forexample,thefirstlettersof“Myelephanteatstoomanyeels”spelloutthehiddenmessage“Meetme.”

  (3)  Youmightrepresenteachletterwithanumber,forexample. Let’snumberthelettersofthealphabet,inorder,from1to26.Ifwesubstituteanumberforeachletter,themessage“Meetme”wouldread“135520135.”

Acodeusessymbolstoreplacewords,phrases, orsentences.Toreadthemessageofareal code,youmusthaveacodebook.  (4)   Forexample,“bridge”mightstandfor“meet” and“out”mightstandfor“me”.Themessage“Bridgeout”wouldactuallymean“Meetme.”  (5)   

However,itisalsohardtokeepacodebooksecretforlong. Socodesmustbechangedfrequently.

(1) A. Itisveryhardtobreakacodewithoutthecodebook.

B. Inanylanguage,somelettersareusedmorethanothers.

C. Onlypeoplewhoknowthekeywordcanreadthemessage.

D. As long as there have been codes, people have tried to break them.

E. You can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out.

F. With a code book, you might write down words that would stand for other words.

G. Another way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet.

(2) A. Itisveryhardtobreakacodewithoutthecodebook.

B. Inanylanguage,somelettersareusedmorethanothers.

C. Onlypeoplewhoknowthekeywordcanreadthemessage.

D. As long as there have been codes, people have tried to break them.

E. You can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out.

F. With a code book, you might write down words that would stand for other words.

G. Another way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet.

(3) A. Itisveryhardtobreakacodewithoutthecodebook.

B. Inanylanguage,somelettersareusedmorethanothers.

C. Onlypeoplewhoknowthekeywordcanreadthemessage.

D. As long as there have been codes, people have tried to break them.

E. You can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out.

F. With a code book, you might write down words that would stand for other words.

G. Another way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet.

(4) A. Itisveryhardtobreakacodewithoutthecodebook.

B. Inanylanguage,somelettersareusedmorethanothers.

C. Onlypeoplewhoknowthekeywordcanreadthemessage.

D. As long as there have been codes, people have tried to break them.

E. You can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out.

F. With a code book, you might write down words that would stand for other words.

G. Another way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet.

(5) A. Itisveryhardtobreakacodewithoutthecodebook.

B. Inanylanguage,somelettersareusedmorethanothers.

C. Onlypeoplewhoknowthekeywordcanreadthemessage.

D. As long as there have been codes, people have tried to break them.

E. You can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out.

F. With a code book, you might write down words that would stand for other words.

G. Another way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet.

9．

Tips on how to save money

It’s important for you teenagers to know how to save money. You know that the money you save can be for rainy days and be used to pay through your college education. If you think it’s a difficult task and don’t know how to do it, please do as the following.

  (1)  

My dad always tells me that if one doesn’t respect money, it will never respect you. Hence, it’s important that you keep a record of your daily expenses. Make it a habit to write down all that you have spent. And when you find out the total expenses at the end of the month, you will realize what you have spent more money in doing.  (2)  

Open a savings account.

Opening a savings account is a better way to save money. You can set a goal; say (for example), the money is for a new notebook or for college, and then save, until you have enough money to buy a notebook or until you go to college.   (3)  

Do not carry much cash.

Do you have the habit of not leaving a store without buying anything? The only way to stop that is carrying less money around with you. Go to the store with the minimum amount of money, which will not even help you buy a drink.   (4)  

Save the changes.

Save the changes that you get back. If you have gone to a shop to buy something and get back some changes, then do not spend them.  (5)   And you’ll be surprised at the huge amount of money after days.

Follow these tips above, and thus you can save a lot of money. And surely, they’ll help you to be more responsible in your life.

(1) _________

A. Keep a record of your daily expenses.

B. After a few days, you’ll get rid of this habit.

C. Instead, you can save them in your piggy bank.

D. By that time, you will realize the importance of saving money.

E. Saving money builds your financial power and personal freedom.

F. Next month, you will automatically try and save more in that part.

G. Nowadays in the developed and developing countries, people are all working for the sake of earning money.

(2) _________

A. Keep a record of your daily expenses.

B. After a few days, you’ll get rid of this habit.

C. Instead, you can save them in your piggy bank.

D. By that time, you will realize the importance of saving money.

E. Saving money builds your financial power and personal freedom.

F. Next month, you will automatically try and save more in that part.

G. Nowadays in the developed and developing countries, people are all working for the sake of earning money.

(3) _________

A. Keep a record of your daily expenses.

B. After a few days, you’ll get rid of this habit.

C. Instead, you can save them in your piggy bank.

D. By that time, you will realize the importance of saving money.

E. Saving money builds your financial power and personal freedom.

F. Next month, you will automatically try and save more in that part.

G. Nowadays in the developed and developing countries, people are all working for the sake of earning money.

(4) _________

A. Keep a record of your daily expenses.

B. After a few days, you’ll get rid of this habit.

C. Instead, you can save them in your piggy bank.

D. By that time, you will realize the importance of saving money.

E. Saving money builds your financial power and personal freedom.

F. Next month, you will automatically try and save more in that part.

G. Nowadays in the developed and developing countries, people are all working for the sake of earning money.

(5) _________

A. Keep a record of your daily expenses.

B. After a few days, you’ll get rid of this habit.

C. Instead, you can save them in your piggy bank.

D. By that time, you will realize the importance of saving money.

E. Saving money builds your financial power and personal freedom.

F. Next month, you will automatically try and save more in that part.

G. Nowadays in the developed and developing countries, people are all working for the sake of earning money.

10．

Culture shock isn’t a clinic term or medical condition. It’s simply a common way to describe the confusing and nervous feelings a person may have after leaving a familiar culture to live in a new and different culture.   (1)   That can be exciting, but it can also be overwhelming (不可抗拒).

Everyone feels the pressure to fit in at one time or another—whether they’ve lived in the area for days or years.   (2)   All of your experiences before you came to your new home are part of you, and what makes you special.

Here are a few tips for making sure your new culture doesn’t overpower the old.

Educate people about your culture. Just because you’re the one entering the new culture doesn’t mean you should be the one doing all the learning. Take the opportunity to teacher classmates and new friends about your culture; they may know little about it.   (3)   Invite them over for traditional dishes from your culture.

Find a support group. You probably left behind good friends and family when you moved, too. You can share experiences.

Keep in touch with home. You probably left behind good friends and family when you moved. If it’s going to be a long time until your next visit, keep in touch. You’ve not only left behind people, but also other things—like your favorite spot to hang out.   (4)   

Remember, the key to getting over your culture shock is understanding the new culture and finding a way to live comfortably within it while keeping true to the parts of your culture they you value.

  (5)   Try not to force yourself to change too fast or to change too many things all at once. You will have your own pace of adjusting.

(1) A. It’s important to be yourself

B. Keep pictures around to remind you of home

C. But the good news is that culture shock is temporary

D. It will also help them to learn more about you in the process.

E. When you move to a new place, you’re bound to face a lot of changes.

F. As long as you find a good combination between old and new, you’ll be fine

G. But don’t feel like you need to change everything about yourself so you can stand out less

(2) A. It’s important to be yourself

B. Keep pictures around to remind you of home

C. But the good news is that culture shock is temporary

D. It will also help them to learn more about you in the process.

E. When you move to a new place, you’re bound to face a lot of changes.

F. As long as you find a good combination between old and new, you’ll be fine

G. But don’t feel like you need to change everything about yourself so you can stand out less

(3) A. It’s important to be yourself

B. Keep pictures around to remind you of home

C. But the good news is that culture shock is temporary

D. It will also help them to learn more about you in the process.

E. When you move to a new place, you’re bound to face a lot of changes.

F. As long as you find a good combination between old and new, you’ll be fine

G. But don’t feel like you need to change everything about yourself so you can stand out less

(4) A. It’s important to be yourself

B. Keep pictures around to remind you of home

C. But the good news is that culture shock is temporary

D. It will also help them to learn more about you in the process.

E. When you move to a new place, you’re bound to face a lot of changes.

F. As long as you find a good combination between old and new, you’ll be fine

G. But don’t feel like you need to change everything about yourself so you can stand out less

(5) A. It’s important to be yourself

B. Keep pictures around to remind you of home

C. But the good news is that culture shock is temporary

D. It will also help them to learn more about you in the process.

E. When you move to a new place, you’re bound to face a lot of changes.

F. As long as you find a good combination between old and new, you’ll be fine

G. But don’t feel like you need to change everything about yourself so you can stand out less