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            • 1.
              Tests can be stressful even for the best students. ___(1)___ Fortunately,there are several steps you can take to make your stress much more manageable.
              Get Enough Sleep
              Getting 6hours of sleep or less can put you into what's called a sleep deficit(不足),which makes you less sharp mentally and prevents you from performing properly on tests. ___(2)___  This way,you needn't stay up for the test and can get a good night of sleep before your big day.
              Study Smarter
              ___(3)___  Make a list of the most important things you need to learn and hit the items at the top of the list first.This will ensure they're mostly covered if you run out of time.Make a list of all the work you have to do,estimate how long each item will take,and compare that with the amount of hours you have available.This will tell you if you can carefully read or just skim,how many times you can afford to revise the papers.
              Visualize(想象)Success
              A proven way to build your confidence is to visualize yourself taking the tests and doing wonderfully.Visualization can not only help you perform better in the tests but can help you remember facts.You can create detailed situations that involve the information you're trying to remember. ___(4)___ 
              Stay Calm
              There're several techniques that can help you calm down quickly. ___(5)___ Just close your eyes,take a deep breath,hold it for a while and then let it out slowly.Your stress will come out with your exhales(呼气).
              (1) A. Be organized with your studies.
              B. Extra time on tests can bring success to students.
              C. Test anxiety has a negative impact on your performance.
              D. In this process you can strengthen the facts in your memory.
              E. Breathing exercises can be extremely effective in helping you relax.
              F. So it's very important to get all your studying done before your exam.
              G. There are options for easing stress and potentially improving test performance.
              (2) A. Be organized with your studies.
              B. Extra time on tests can bring success to students.
              C. Test anxiety has a negative impact on your performance.
              D. In this process you can strengthen the facts in your memory.
              E. Breathing exercises can be extremely effective in helping you relax.
              F. So it's very important to get all your studying done before your exam.
              G. There are options for easing stress and potentially improving test performance.
              (3) A. Be organized with your studies.
              B. Extra time on tests can bring success to students.
              C. Test anxiety has a negative impact on your performance.
              D. In this process you can strengthen the facts in your memory.
              E. Breathing exercises can be extremely effective in helping you relax.
              F. So it's very important to get all your studying done before your exam.
              G. There are options for easing stress and potentially improving test performance.
              (4) A. Be organized with your studies.
              B. Extra time on tests can bring success to students.
              C. Test anxiety has a negative impact on your performance.
              D. In this process you can strengthen the facts in your memory.
              E. Breathing exercises can be extremely effective in helping you relax.
              F. So it's very important to get all your studying done before your exam.
              G. There are options for easing stress and potentially improving test performance.
              (5) A. Be organized with your studies.
              B. Extra time on tests can bring success to students.
              C. Test anxiety has a negative impact on your performance.
              D. In this process you can strengthen the facts in your memory.
              E. Breathing exercises can be extremely effective in helping you relax.
              F. So it's very important to get all your studying done before your exam.
              G. There are options for easing stress and potentially improving test performance.
            • 2.

              A “bookworm” below means a person ____.

              I study hard at school, and I can often get As, but I’m not a bookworm. I like playing jokes in class, which sometimes makes my teacher angry.

               

              A.who likes keeping worms             
              B.who is loved by teachers at school
              C.who is nervous of reading books
              D.who enjoys nothing but reading
            • 3.
                Most people feel lonely sometimes,but it usually only lasts between a few minutes and a few hours.   (1)   In fact,it is quite normal.For some people,though,loneliness can last for years.Psychologists are studying this complex phenomenon,and have identified three different types of loneliness.
                    The first kind of loneliness is temporary.This is the most common type.It usually disappears quickly and does not require any special attention.The second kind,situation-for example,family problem,the death of a loved one,or moving to a new place.   (2)  
                    The third kind of loneliness is the most severe.Unlike the others,chronic (the opposite of"temporary")usually lasts more than two years and has no specific cause.   (3)  Unfortunately,many chronically lonely people think there is little or nothing they can do to improve their condition.
                     Psychologists(心理学家)agree that one important factor in loneliness is a personˈs social contacts,for example,friends,family members,co-workers,etc.We depend on various people for different reasons.For instance,our families give us emotional support,our parents and teachers give us guidance,and our friends share similar interests and activities.However,psychologists have found that,though lonely people may have many social contacts,they sometimes feel they should have more.   (4)  
                     Psychologists are trying to find ways to help habitually lonely people for two reasons:They are unhappy and unable to socialize and there is a connection between chronic loneliness and serious illness as heart disease.   (5)  
              (1) A. It is very difficult to deal with.
              B. Whatˈs more,temporary and situational loneliness can be a sad,and sometimes dangerous condition.
              C. Although it can cause physical problems such as headaches and sleeplessness,it usually does not last for more than a year.
              D. This kind of loneliness is not serious.
              E. They donˈt think they are in need of them.
              F. People who experience it have problems socializing and becoming close to others.
              G. They question(质疑)their popularity(受欢迎的程度;名气).

              (2) A. It is very difficult to deal with.
              B. Whatˈs more,temporary and situational loneliness can be a sad,and sometimes dangerous condition.
              C. Although it can cause physical problems such as headaches and sleeplessness,it usually does not last for more than a year.
              D. This kind of loneliness is not serious.
              E. They donˈt think they are in need of them.
              F. People who experience it have problems socializing and becoming close to others.
              G. They question(质疑)their popularity(受欢迎的程度;名气).

              (3) A. It is very difficult to deal with.
              B. Whatˈs more,temporary and situational loneliness can be a sad,and sometimes dangerous condition.
              C. Although it can cause physical problems such as headaches and sleeplessness,it usually does not last for more than a year.
              D. This kind of loneliness is not serious.
              E. They donˈt think they are in need of them.
              F. People who experience it have problems socializing and becoming close to others.
              G. They question(质疑)their popularity(受欢迎的程度;名气).
              (4) A. It is very difficult to deal with.
              B. Whatˈs more,temporary and situational loneliness can be a sad,and sometimes dangerous condition.
              C. Although it can cause physical problems such as headaches and sleeplessness,it usually does not last for more than a year.
              D. This kind of loneliness is not serious.
              E. They donˈt think they are in need of them.
              F. People who experience it have problems socializing and becoming close to others.
              G. They question(质疑)their popularity(受欢迎的程度;名气).
              (5) A. It is very difficult to deal with.
              B. Whatˈs more,temporary and situational loneliness can be a sad,and sometimes dangerous condition.
              C. Although it can cause physical problems such as headaches and sleeplessness,it usually does not last for more than a year.
              D. This kind of loneliness is not serious.
              E. They donˈt think they are in need of them.
              F. People who experience it have problems socializing and becoming close to others.
              G. They question(质疑)their popularity(受欢迎的程度;名气).
            • 4.

              You often find somebody who works around you complaining all the time, don’t you?

                (1)   About 70% of Americans say being around nonstop complainers sometimes has a bad influence on them. Luckily, here are 4 tips to help form positive patterns.

              1, Self-awareness

              When a negative thought pops into your mind, immediately correct it. Instead of telling yourself “That’s a nice shirt, but I can’t afford it,” change the message to “That will look great with my black pants when I can afford it.”  (2)  

              Of course, everyone complains sometimes. But the less frequently you complain, the better you will feel.

              2,Distance yourself

                (3)  Excuse yourself and go somewhere quiet, somewhere outdoors in the fresh air. Think of something pleasant before returning. You have to take this seriously because negative people can and will pull you into the quicksand (困境).

              3, Don’t try to change complainers

              If you find yourself trapped in a group of complainers in a meeting or at a social event, simply choose silence. Let their words bounce (弹起) off you while you think of something else. Attempting to stop the complaining can make you a target.   (4)   If someone says, “I hate Mondays, weekends are too short,” try to think, “I’m glad I rested up over the weekend, so I’m ready to make some improvement on that big project.”

              4,  (5)  

              When someone is shouting at you angrily, throw the responsibility back at them by asking, “So what do you intend to do about it?” In most cases, complainers don’t really want a solution. They just want to speak them out. If you make them aware that they themselves have to find the solutions, they will leave you alone and find someone else to complain to. If so, you will be happy.

              (1) A. Change responsibility

              B. Find solutions

              C. You have got a lot of company.

              D. By doing this, it will lead to positive behaviors.

              E. But you can redirect the discussion in your own mind.

              F. You will never know what they are going to talk about.

              G. Whenever possible, escape from negative conversations.

              (2) A. Change responsibility

              B. Find solutions

              C. You have got a lot of company.

              D. By doing this, it will lead to positive behaviors.

              E. But you can redirect the discussion in your own mind.

              F. You will never know what they are going to talk about.

              G. Whenever possible, escape from negative conversations.

              (3) A. Change responsibility

              B. Find solutions

              C. You have got a lot of company.

              D. By doing this, it will lead to positive behaviors.

              E. But you can redirect the discussion in your own mind.

              F. You will never know what they are going to talk about.

              G. Whenever possible, escape from negative conversations.

              (4) A. Change responsibility

              B. Find solutions

              C. You have got a lot of company.

              D. By doing this, it will lead to positive behaviors.

              E. But you can redirect the discussion in your own mind.

              F. You will never know what they are going to talk about.

              G. Whenever possible, escape from negative conversations.

              (5) A. Change responsibility

              B. Find solutions

              C. You have got a lot of company.

              D. By doing this, it will lead to positive behaviors.

              E. But you can redirect the discussion in your own mind.

              F. You will never know what they are going to talk about.

              G. Whenever possible, escape from negative conversations.

            • 5.

              We face problems in our everyday life. They can be social problems, relationship problems, or problems at work. Don’t worry.  (1)  

              ●Be aware of problem

              First of all, it is important to know and understand the problem clearly.  (2)  Following questions like why, what, how, when, where and who will take you to the root cause of the problem.

              ●Analyze the problem.

              Analyzing the problem will give you time to think of a proper solution.  (3)  .They can be diagrams, or lists, etc.

                (4)  

              Leave out the information that isn't required for the solving of the problem. You need to be accurate with the details. Keeping the unrelated information can sometimes complicate the simple problem as we don't notice the important information.

              ●Carry out the solution.

              Putting the solution into effect in a correct way to get the result expected is important while solving a problem.  (5)  .Being ready with alternatives is also important in case a solution works only halfway.

              (1) A. Remove unrelated information.

              B. As long as you are breathing, you can solve problems.

              C. Use yes or no questions to get better information.

              D. You can use various tools to study the problem.

              E. Knowing the problem means solving half the problem itself

              F. Spend a little time analyzing the problem and most on the solution.

              G. You need be creative while carrying out a solution in case some other problems arise.

              (2) A. Remove unrelated information.

              B. As long as you are breathing, you can solve problems.

              C. Use yes or no questions to get better information.

              D. You can use various tools to study the problem.

              E. Knowing the problem means solving half the problem itself

              F. Spend a little time analyzing the problem and most on the solution.

              G. You need be creative while carrying out a solution in case some other problems arise.

              (3) A. Remove unrelated information.

              B. As long as you are breathing, you can solve problems.

              C. Use yes or no questions to get better information.

              D. You can use various tools to study the problem.

              E. Knowing the problem means solving half the problem itself

              F. Spend a little time analyzing the problem and most on the solution.

              G. You need be creative while carrying out a solution in case some other problems arise.

              (4) A. Remove unrelated information.

              B. As long as you are breathing, you can solve problems.

              C. Use yes or no questions to get better information.

              D. You can use various tools to study the problem.

              E. Knowing the problem means solving half the problem itself

              F. Spend a little time analyzing the problem and most on the solution.

              G. You need be creative while carrying out a solution in case some other problems arise.

              (5) A. Remove unrelated information.

              B. As long as you are breathing, you can solve problems.

              C. Use yes or no questions to get better information.

              D. You can use various tools to study the problem.

              E. Knowing the problem means solving half the problem itself

              F. Spend a little time analyzing the problem and most on the solution.

              G. You need be creative while carrying out a solution in case some other problems arise.

            • 6.
              Lucy: __(1)__ smoking in public places, Tom?

              Tom: I don’t think people should smoke in public places

              Lucy: Yes,__(2)__.

              Lily: Well, in my opinion, people should be allowed to smoke in smoking area.

              Tom: __(3)__. Once people are allowed to smoke in smoking area, they will also smoke anywhere else.

              Lily: __(4)__. But maybe it’s too much for the heavy smokers.

              Lucy: Possibly, it’s for us to take smoking a little more seriously.

              Tom: __(5)__.

              Lily: I think so, too.

              (1) A. I’m in completely agreement with you.        

              B. I agree with you

              C. I’m afraid we just don’t see eye to eye on this

              D. I understand your concern        

              E. What do you think of

              (2) A. I’m in completely agreement with you.        

              B. I agree with you

              C. I’m afraid we just don’t see eye to eye on this

              D. I understand your concern        

              E. What do you think of

              (3) A. I’m in completely agreement with you.        

              B. I agree with you

              C. I’m afraid we just don’t see eye to eye on this

              D. I understand your concern        

              E. What do you think of

              (4) A. I’m in completely agreement with you.        

              B. I agree with you

              C. I’m afraid we just don’t see eye to eye on this

              D. I understand your concern        

              E. What do you think of

              (5) A. I’m in completely agreement with you.        

              B. I agree with you

              C. I’m afraid we just don’t see eye to eye on this

              D. I understand your concern        

              E. What do you think of

            • 7.

              During a research experiment a marine(海洋)biologist placed a shark into a large holding tank and then released several small fish into the tank. ___(1)____ 

              The marine biologist then inserted a strong piece of clear fiberglass(玻璃纤维)into the tank, creating two separate parts. She then put the shark on one side of the fiberglass and a new set of small fish on the other.

              Again, the shark quickly attacked. This time, however, the shark hit the fiberglass divider and bounced off. ____(2)___Meanwhile, the small fish swam around unharmed in the second part. Eventually, about an hour into the experiment, the shark gave up.

                 This experiment was repeated several dozen times over the next few weeks. ____(3)___ Eventually the shark got tired of hitting the fiberglass divider and simply stopped attacking altogether.

              The marine biologist then removed the fiberglass divider, but the shark didn’t attack.____(4)___So, they swam wherever they wished, free from harm.

                 Like the shark in the story, many of us, after experiencing setbacks and failures, emotionally give up and stop trying. ___(5)____ In other words, we continue to see a barrier in our heads, even when no ‘real’ barrier exists between where we are and where we want to go.


              (1) A. At the same time, the shark tried again and again.
              B. We believe that because we were unsuccessful in the past, we will always be unsuccessful.
              C. The shark was trained to believe a barrier existed between it and the small fish.
              D. It kept repeating this behavior every few minutes fruitlessly.
              E. We should keep on trying even if we meet obstacles.
              F. Each time, the shark got less aggressive and made fewer attempts to attack the small fish.
              G. As you would expect, the shark quickly swam around the tank, attacked and ate the smaller fish .
              (2) A. At the same time, the shark tried again and again.
              B. We believe that because we were unsuccessful in the past, we will always be unsuccessful.
              C. The shark was trained to believe a barrier existed between it and the small fish.
              D. It kept repeating this behavior every few minutes fruitlessly.
              E. We should keep on trying even if we meet obstacles.
              F. Each time, the shark got less aggressive and made fewer attempts to attack the small fish.
              G. As you would expect, the shark quickly swam around the tank, attacked and ate the smaller fish .
              (3) A. At the same time, the shark tried again and again.
              B. We believe that because we were unsuccessful in the past, we will always be unsuccessful.
              C. The shark was trained to believe a barrier existed between it and the small fish.
              D. It kept repeating this behavior every few minutes fruitlessly.
              E. We should keep on trying even if we meet obstacles.
              F. Each time, the shark got less aggressive and made fewer attempts to attack the small fish.
              G. As you would expect, the shark quickly swam around the tank, attacked and ate the smaller fish .
              (4) A. At the same time, the shark tried again and again.
              B. We believe that because we were unsuccessful in the past, we will always be unsuccessful.
              C. The shark was trained to believe a barrier existed between it and the small fish.
              D. It kept repeating this behavior every few minutes fruitlessly.
              E. We should keep on trying even if we meet obstacles.
              F. Each time, the shark got less aggressive and made fewer attempts to attack the small fish.
              G. As you would expect, the shark quickly swam around the tank, attacked and ate the smaller fish .
              (5) A. At the same time, the shark tried again and again.
              B. We believe that because we were unsuccessful in the past, we will always be unsuccessful.
              C. The shark was trained to believe a barrier existed between it and the small fish.
              D. It kept repeating this behavior every few minutes fruitlessly.
              E. We should keep on trying even if we meet obstacles.
              F. Eac h time, the shark got less aggressive and made fewer attempts to attack the small fish.
              G. As you would expect, the shark quickly swam around the tank, attacked and ate the smaller fish .
            • 8.

              How to Teach kids About Setting Goals

                (1)   It can become an easy process for a lifetime if kids are taught goal setting at an early stage. They need to be offered a project to make them work on accomplishing something personal.

              Set smart goals. A goal needs to be measurable, specific, realistic and timely in order to be effective. Kids prefer generalizing(泛化)when it comes to goal setting. For example, one may want to be the best basketball player in the team.   (2)   What exactly does a goal like this mean? You need to ask them to be specific. Begin with scoring two baskets in each game (or however many; just something measurable!) so that they can continuously push the barriers to accomplish greater goals.

              Write down goals.   (3)   Recent studies show that when goals are written down, the individual is likely to achieve them.

                (4)   Kids have the habit of choosing goals that just seem impossible to achieve. You need to teach them the concepts of short and long-term goals and give your child reality checks.

              Set up review points. You can ask them to write their main goals on the poster and mention the steps they would take for attaining their goals.   (5)   It is important to help your children have their own checkpoint systems that actually work for them.


              (1) A. Goals can’t be accomplished absolutely unless they are written down.

              B. This tip is supported by science as well.

              C. How is a goal like this measured?

              D. Ask them to track their progress once a week or month.

              E. Face goals that are not realistic.

              F. Is it a really big goal?

              G. It is essential for everybody, especially for kids, to set goals in life.


              (2) A. Goals can’t be accomplished absolutely unless they are written down.

              B. This tip is supported by science as well.

              C. How is a goal like this measured?

              D. Ask them to track their progress once a week or month.

              E. Face goals that are not realistic.

              F. Is it a really big goal?

              G. It is essential for everybody, especially for kids, to set goals in life.


              (3) A. Goals can’t be accomplished absolutely unless they are written down.

              B. This tip is supported by science as well.

              C. How is a goal like this measured?

              D. Ask them to track their progress once a week or month.

              E. Face goals that are not realistic.

              F. Is it a really big goal?

              G. It is essential for everybody, especially for kids, to set goals in life.


              (4) A. Goals can’t be accomplished absolutely unless they are written down.

              B. This tip is supported by science as well.

              C. How is a goal like this measured?

              D. Ask them to track their progress once a week or month.

              E. Face goals that are not realistic.

              F. Is it a really big goal?

              G. It is essential for everybody, especially for kids, to set goals in life.


              (5) A. Goals can’t be accomplished absolutely unless they are written down.

              B. This tip is supported by science as well.

              C. How is a goal like this measured?

              D. Ask them to track their progress once a week or month.

              E. Face goals that are not realistic.

              F. Is it a really big goal?

              G. It is essential for everybody, especially for kids, to set goals in life.

            • 9.

               Choosing the right college for you is not so easy. You should have a general idea of what you want and don't want. The idea can guide you to find what fits your needs best.____  (1)  ____

                 Think about what major you want to study in college. If you know that, just look at colleges that have your major. ____  (2)  ____ So think carefully about your major and interests before choosing one.

                 Where the college is located matters. Anyone who tells you the location isn't important is lying.____  (3)  ____ If you look forward to working in the publishing industry, New York may be your best bet. If your parents want you to stay close to home, please don't consider anywhere that requires a plane ticket to get to.

                 Think about how much you can afford. Are your parents paying for your education? If so, how much are they willing to spend? Do you have to contribute anything? Financial aid and scholarship exist, but don't count on anything.____  (4)  ____ These are all things to consider before you fall in love with a college.

                 Make sure you're going to spend time with the right people. The cool thing about college is that each different one attracts different kinds of people. For the first thing in your life, you get to choose where you get to spend your time and who you get to spend it with. ____  (5)  ____ Make sure that the people you're with for four years are your kind of people.

              (1) A. College is about learning what you love.
              B. You'd better choose a major that is popular.
              C. Go to the college with some people you like.
              D. Are you willing to go into major debt over a school?
              E. Remember, above all, it's the people that make the place.
              F. If you don't like cold weather, stay away from northern schools.
              G. These guidelines will help figure out what college you want to go to.
              (2) A. College is about learning what you love.
              B. You'd better choose a major that is popular.
              C. Go to the college with some people you like.
              D. Are you willing to go into major debt over a school?
              E. Remember, above all, it's the people that make the place.
              F. If you don't like cold weather, stay away from northern schools.
              G. These guidelines will help figure out what college you want to go to.
              (3) A. College is about learning what you love.
              B. You'd better choose a major that is popular.
              C. Go to the college with some people you like.
              D. Are you willing to go into major debt over a school?
              E. Remember, above all, it's the people that make the place.
              F. If you don't like cold weather, stay away from northern schools.
              G. These guidelines will help figure out what college you want to go to.
              (4) A. College is about learning what you love.
              B. You'd better choose a major that is popular.
              C. Go to the college with some people you like.
              D. Are you willing to go into major debt over a school?
              E. Remember, above all, it's the people that make the place.
              F. If you don't like cold weather, stay away from northern schools.
              G. These guidelines will help figure out what college you want to go to.
              (5) A. College is about learning what you love.
              B. You'd better choose a major that is popular.
              C. Go to the college with some people you like.
              D. Are you willing to go into major debt over a school?
              E. Remember, above all, it's the people that make the place.
              F. If you don't like cold weather, stay away from northern schools.
              G. These guidelines will help figure out what college you want to go to.
            • 10.

              Easy Ways to Keep Your Brain Sharp

              Everyone is forgetful, but as we age, we start to feel like our brains are slowing down a bit—and that can be a very annoying thing.  (1)   Read on for some techniques worth trying.

              1  (2)  

              People who regularly made plans and looked forward to upcoming events had a 50 percent reduced chance of Alzheimerˈs disease (早老性痴呆症), according to a recent study.  (3)  Something as simple as setting a goal to have a weekly coffee date with a friend will do. Thereˈs evidence that people who have a purpose in life or who are working on long or short-term goals appear to do better. In other words, keep your brain looking forward.

              2 Go for a walk.

              Mildly raised glucose (葡萄糖) levels can harm the area of the brain that helps you form memories and physical activity can help get blood glucose down to normal levels. In fact, exercise produces chemicals that are good for your brain.  (4)  

              3 Learn something new.

              Take a Spanish class online, join a drawing club, or learn to play cards. A study found t hat mental stimulation (刺激) limits the weakening effects of aging on memory and the mind. But the best thing for your brain is when you learn something new and are physically active at the same time.   (5)  Or go dancing with your friends.

              (1) A. Focus on the future.
              B. This can be especially harmful to the aged.
              C. It should be something like learning gardening.
              D. So take a few minutes each day to do some reading.
              E. But donˈt worry if your schedule isnˈt filled with life-changing events.
              F. Luckily, research shows there is a lot you can do to avoid those moments.
              G. In other words, when you take care of your body, you take care of your brain.
              (2) A. Focus on the future.
              B. This can be especially harmful to the aged.
              C. It should be something like learning gardening.
              D. So take a few minutes each day to do some reading.
              E. But donˈt worry if your schedule isnˈt filled with life-changing events.
              F. Luckily, research shows there is a lot you can do to avoid those moments.
              G. In other words, when you take care of your body, you take care of your brain.
              (3) A. Focus on the future.
              B. This can be especially harmful to the aged.
              C. It should be something like learning gardening.
              D. So take a few minutes each day to do some reading.
              E. But donˈt worry if your schedule isnˈt filled with life-changing events.
              F. Luckily, research shows there is a lot you can do to avoid those moments.
              G. In other words, when you take care of your body, you take care of your brain.
              (4) A. Focus on the future.
              B. This can be especially harmful to the aged.
              C. It should be something like learning gardening.
              D. So take a few minutes each day to do some reading.
              E. But donˈt worry if your schedule isnˈt filled with life-changing events.
              F. Luckily, research shows there is a lot you can do to avoid those moments.
              G. In other words, when you take care of your body, you take care of your brain.
              (5) A. Focus on the future.
              B. This can be especially harmful to the aged.
              C. It should be something like learning gardening.
              D. So take a few minutes each day to do some reading.
              E. But donˈt worry if your schedule isnˈt filled with life-changing events.
              F. Luckily, research shows there is a lot you can do to avoid those moments.
              G. In other words, when you take care of your body, you take care of your brain.
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