知识点挑题 - 高中英语 - 优优班--学霸训练营

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1．
The Local Ness Monster is said to be a creature or a group of creatures living in the Loch Ness , a lake near the city of Inverness in northern Scotland.
The first modern sighting occurred on May 2,1993. The newspaper Inverness Courier reported a story of Mr. and Mrs John Mackay, who saw a very large animal rolling and plunging (跳入) into the water. The report attracted thousands of readers, of whom some were brave enough to see and even try to capture the animal.
A photograph taken by surgeon R.K Wilson on April 19,1934 seemed to show a large creature with a long neck gliding through the water. However ,decades later the photo was said to have been faked by Marmaduke Wetherell after he was hired by the Daily Mail.
In 1962, the Loch Ness Investigation Bureau was formed to act as a research organization .Whatever the result of their research is, the Loch Ness has become a real place which attracts millions of tourists every year.
小题1:Where is the lake Loch Ness?
小题2:When was the first modern sighting?
小题3:The underlined word “capture” can be replaced by________?

难度：中等

解析收藏试题篮

2．

It's every student's dream to do well in the national college entrance examination and enter a good university. In the eyes of students and parents, a good university should have a high ranking, and the employment rate of its graduates should be high. But be careful! The employment rate they tell you might not always be true.
Recently, people created a Chinese phrase "bei jiuye", which has become popular on the Internet almost overnight across China. The word "bei" has a grammatical use in Chinese: it has a function similar to the passive voice in English. But now people often use it to express their doubts about something. Here, the phrase "bei jiuye" has the literal meaning of "to be hired", but people understand that it really means "to be hired without one's knowledge" or "be hired for jobs that may not exist at all".
The story of "bei jiuye" goes like this. Zhao Dongdong, a graduate of a university in Shanxi province, was surprised to find that he got a job from a company he never applied to, which he wasn't even sure was a real place. On his last day of graduation ceremonies, he was surprised to come across the employment contract.
"God! At that time, I had not landed a job yet, but they gave me an employment contract! I wondered who on earth signed the contract with the company." When Zhao made a phone call to the company to check it out, no one answered.
He was not the only one in his college who was "hired" for a job that did not exist. One of his classmates signed a contract with a company called Xi'an Beilin Industrial Corporation, which could not be found on the Internet either. In the end, it turned out that the college had faked the contract to make it seem like the employment rate for new graduates was higher than that. By doing this, the college could build up a "good" reputation that could help it attract new students.
"Bei jiuye" is just one of many hot "bei" words on the Internet. See some of them in "Bonus". The use of "bei" is a satirical (讽刺的) way for the public to express its helplessness and criticize abuses of power, some people say. People also use "bei" words to bring attention to social problems, hoping they will be noticed by authorities.

Standards of students’ and parents’ 1.__________	Having a high ranking
Standards of students’ and parents’ 1.__________	Having a high 2.______________
3._______ of the phrase “ Bei jiuye”	To be hired 4._________
3._______ of the phrase “ Bei jiuye”	To be hired with no knowledge or for 5.__________ jobs
6._________ of the appearance of the phrase “ Bei jiuye”	Seemingly 7. __________ rate for new graduates
6._________ of the appearance of the phrase “ Bei jiuye”	To 8.___________
9.__________ to the hot phrase “Bei jiuye”on the Internet	A way of expressing helpless and 10.__________ A way of fixing attention to social problems and being noticed by authorities

难度：中等

解析收藏试题篮

3．
阅读下面短文, 请根据短文后的要求进行答题。（请注意问题后的字数要求）
[1]Everybody is familiar with Christmas music； its played everywhere. Whether it's the music from a grocery store or random(随机的）songs on the radio， holiday music remains to flood in the air from the day after Thanksgiving to the beginning of December. Christmas music gets extremely over- played through the Holiday season. “'I think the common seasonal Christmas music is annoying because it keeps being played over and over.”said junior Devin McFarland.
[2]The Christmas music still played today is what she heard in her childhood. Some famous Christmas songs have never been changed. The original music is played so much that in some cases people dream about or even sing Christmas music__________. She wishes that there was a wider variety of songs. She likes the newer Christmas songs that bands either re- make or write themselves. "They have a fresher sound to Christmas songs, and they add their own characteristics to them so that they are more like their own songs. ” McFarland explained.
[3]Christmas is known as a happy and homecoming festival, so the holiday season is meant to be spent happily with your family. It is recognized that the music media wants to get the point across and add to the festival atmosphere. But isn't the music being pushed to the public too much?
[4]Most grocery stores play the music non-stop ，Christmas song after Christmas song， disgusting the customers who don't like that kind of music. You can walk through stores and attempt turning off the music, but sometimes it's impossible to do so. On the other hand, almost everyone has witnessed random persons walking along happily and either singing or whistling to the tune of the song that's played throughout the store.
小题1:What is the main idea of the passage? (no more than 10 words)
小题2:Why is the common seasonal Christmas music annoying? (no more than 8 words)
小题3:What does the music media hope to tell the public?
小题4:Fill in the blank in Paragraph 2 with proper words.(no more than 3 words)
小题5:What does the word “them” (Line 6 Paragraph 2) probably refer to? (no more than 4 words)

难度：中等

解析收藏试题篮
4．
阅读下面短文并回答问题，然后将答案写到答题卡相应的位置上（请注意问题后的词数要求）。
[1]Global difference in intelligence is a sensitive topic, long filled with a large number of different opinions. But recent data has indeed shown cognitive (认知的) ability to be higher in some countries than in others. What's more, IQ scores have risen as nations develop --- a phenomenon known as the "Flynn effect". Many causes have been put forward for both the intelligence difference and the Flynn effect, including education, income, and even non-agricultural labor. Now, a new study from researchers at the University of New Mexico offers another interesting theory：intelligence may be linked to infectious-disease rates.
[2]The brain, say author Christopher Eppig and his colleagues, is the "most costly organ in the human body". Brainpower consumes almost up to 90 percent of a newborn's energy. It's clear that if something affects energy intake while the brain is growing, the impact could be long and serious. And for vast parts of the globe, the biggest threat to a child's body -- and therefore brain ---is parasitic (由寄生虫引起的) infection. These illnesses threaten brain development __________. They can directly attack live tissue, which the body must then try every means to replace. They can invade the digestive pipe and block nutritional intake. They can rob the body's cells for their own reproduction. And then there's the energy channeled (输送) to the immune system to fight the infection.
[3] Using data on national "disease burdens" (life years lost due to infectious diseases) and average intelligence scores, the authors found they are closely associated. The countries with the lowest average IQ scores have the highest disease burdens without exception. On the contrary, nations with low disease burdens top the IQ list.
[4]If the study holds water, it could be revolutionary for our understanding of the still-confusing variation in national intelligence scores.
小题1:What is the main idea of the text? (no more than 10 words)
____________________________________________________________________
小题2:Complete the following statement with proper words. (no more than 4 words)
Those countries that have the___________ are always at the bottom of the IQ list.
小题3:Fill in the blank in Paragraph 2 with proper words. (no more than 5 words)

小题4:What can cause intelligence difference? (no more than 8 words)

小题5:What does the word "they" (Line 3, Paragraph 3) probably refer to? (no more
than 8 words)


难度：中等

解析收藏试题篮
5．
Read the following passage. Answer the questions according to the information given in the passage and the required words limit. Write your answers on your answer sheet.
Almost everybody in America will spend a part of his or her life behind a shopping cart(购物手推车). They will, in a lifetime, push the chrome-plated contraptions many miles. But few will know—or even think to ask—who it was that invented them.
Sylvan N. Goldman invented the shopping cart in 1937. At that time he was in the supermarket business. Every day he would see shoppers lugging(吃力地携带) groceries around in baskets they had to carry.
One day Goldman suddenly had the idea of putting baskets on wheels. The wheeled baskets would make shopping much easier for his customers, and would help to attract more business.
On June 4, 1937, Goldman’s first carts were ready for use in his market. He was terribly excited on the morning of that day as customers began arriving. He couldn’t wait to see them using his invention.
But Goldman was disappointed. Most shoppers gave the carts a long look, but hardly anybody would give them a try.
After a while, Goldman decided to ask customers why they weren’t using his carts. “Don’t you think this arm is strong enough to carry a shopping basket?” one shopper replied.
But Goldman wasn’t beaten yet. He knew his carts would be a great success if only he could persuade people to give them a try. To end this, Goldman hired a group of people to push carts around his market and pretend they were shopping! Seeing this, the real customers gradually began copying the phony(假冒的)customers.
As Goldman had hoped, the carts were soon attracting larger and larger numbers of customers to his market. But not only did more people come—those who came bought more. With larger, easier-to-handle baskets, customers unconsciously bought a greater number of items than before.
Today’s shopping carts are five times larger than Goldman’s original model. Perhaps that’s one reason Americans today spend more than five times as much money on food each year as they did before 1937—before the coming of the shopping cart.
小题1:What do the underlined words “chrome-plate contraptions” in Paragraph 1 refer to ? ( no more than 3 words)
小题2:What was the purpose of Goldman’s invention? (no more than 8 words)
小题3:Why was Goldman disappointed at first? (no more than 6 words)
小题4:Why did Goldman hire people to push carts around his market? (no more than 10 words)

难度：较易

解析收藏试题篮
6．
阅读下面的短文，请根据短文后的要求答题（请注意问题后的词数要求）。
[1]Global difference in intelligence is a sensitive topic, long filled with a large number of different opinions. But recent data has indeed shown cognitive (认知的) ability to be higher in some countries than in others. What's more, IQ scores have risen as nations develop—a phenomenon known as the "Flynn effect". Many causes have been put forward for both the intelligence difference and the Flynn effect, including education, income, and even non-agricultural labor. Now, a new study from researchers at the University of New Mexico offers another interesting theory: intelligence may be linked to infectious-disease rates.
　　[2]The brain, say author Christopher Eppig and his colleagues, is the "most costly organ in the human body". Brainpower consumes almost up to 90 percent of a newborn's energy. It's clear that if something affects energy intake while the brain is growing, the impact could be long and serious. And for vast parts of the globe, the biggest threat to a child's body—and therefore brain—is parasitic (由寄生虫引起的) infection. These illnesses threaten brain development________________. They can directly attack live tissue, which the body must then try every means to replace. They can invade the digestive pipe and block nutritional intake. They can rob the body's cells for their own reproduction. And then there's the energy channeled (输送) to the immune system to fight the infection.
　　[3]Using data on national "disease burdens" (life years lost due to infectious diseases) and average intelligence scores, the authors found they are closely associated. The countries with the lowest average IQ scores have the highest disease burdens without exception. On the contrary, nations with low disease burdens top the IQ list.
　　[4]If the study holds water, it could be revolutionary for our understanding of the still-confusing variation in national intelligence scores.
小题1:What is the main idea of the text？(no more than 10 words)
________________________________________________________________________
小题2:Complete the following statement with proper words.(no more than 4 words)
Those countries that have the ________________ are always at the bottom of the IQ list.
小题3:Fill in the blank in Paragraph 2 with proper words.(no more than 5 words)
___________
小题4:What can cause intelligence difference？(no more than 8 words)
______________________________________________________________________
小题5:What does the word “they” (Line2, paragraph3)probably refer to? (no more than 8 words)
______________________________________________________________________

难度：中等

解析收藏试题篮
7．
Most people look forward to retirement as a time when they can finally take up activities that they never had the time or energy to pursue before. Bust some recent studies on people in their golden years are disturbing: they suggest that retirees are more likely to suffer from depression and possibly higher rates of other diseases such as heart disease and high blood pressure. That’s why a new study of French workers is welcome news.
Led by Hugo Westerlund, a professor of psychology at Stockholm University, the study of more than 14,000 workers found lower rates of depression and fatigue(疲劳) in people after they got tired while they were still employed.
The scientists followed the employees of the French national gas and electric company for 14 years. They found in the year immediately after retirement, the volunteers reported 40% fewer depressive symptoms than they had in the year before their retirement. The researchers also found an 81% drop in reports of both mental and physical fatigue over the same time period.
Clearly, said Westerlund, much of these decrease in physical and mental fatigue can be traced back to relief from the stresses of work. The decline in depressive symptoms suggests that retirement may be having a positive mental effect, too, which may have a lot to do with the generous pensions(养老金) that French workers enjoy. Most retirees in that country still benefit from about 80% of their yearly salaries.
“The economic or financial situation in retirement is very important,” Westerlund says. “We don’t know if the decrease in fatigue and depressive symptoms is because of the removal of something bad while in work or the addition of something good while in retirement. But no matter the reason, if life in retirement is not comfortable, then we won’t see the improvements we did.”
However, in European nations like France, governments are considering changes to pension plans, which may affect retirees’ health after they leave their jobs—with less of a financial safety net, workers may no longer seem so mentally and physically happy to be out of work.
(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS)
小题1:According to some recent studies, retired people may have depression and higher rates of other disease like ____________________________________.
小题2:Westerlund’s group found that in the year just after the retirement most retired French workers felt much less tired both __________________________________.
小题3:What dies the word “improvements” in paragraph 5 refer to?
_______________________________________________________________
小题4:Retirement may make people happier with ___________________________________

难度：中等

解析收藏试题篮
8．
Effective(有效的)listening is important for improving communication between people. The sad part is that we want others to listen to us, but we ourselves are bad listeners, therefore creating barriers(障碍) to effective listening. Here are some common barriers to effective listening and some ways of overcoming them.
Before the speaker finishes speaking, you think you know the answer already and interrupt him or her. This is one of the most common barriers to effective listening. Respect is important for good listening. If you think you know the answer, you still should listen carefully to what’s being said, and then make ready a few questions and answers, wait for several seconds and then start speaking.
Whenever a speaker speaks, many a time listeners try to help the speaker. Though it may seem as if you’re trying to help, actually it isn’t so. In fact you should set up a separate(单独的) meeting for advising the speaker. If you feel you have anything to say, which the speaker may not know, you should politely ask if you may suggest anything.
In a heated discussion, the speakers sometimes don’t agree to each other’s opinions and treat it as a competition, and then it becomes a barrier to good listening. To overcome this, you should express your opinions after the speaker has finished speaking. Speak out wherever you disagree, but also if you agree on anything, you should point it out.
小题1:Why is effective listening important? (No more than 8 words.)2分
______________________________________________
小题2:According to Paragraph 2, what prevents effective listening? (No more than 8 words.)2分
_________________________________________________
小题3:What will you do if you really want to say anything the speakers may not know? (No more than 10 words.)3分
__________________________________________________
小题4:How can you avoid treating a heated discussion as a competition? (No more than 10 words.)3分
__________________________________________________

难度：中等

解析收藏试题篮
9．
阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
Many students want to find friends on the Internet as a way of practising their language skills and learning more about new cultures. Traditional pen pals were the primary source for such contacts, and students could write each other letters. With the Internet, fingding friends has become much easier, and such relationships are called key pals.
However, care and consideration should be given when finding friends on the Internet:
◎Search the Internet for reputable(有信誉的) services. Look for reviews of such sites to learn more about other students’ experiences. Don’t join a service until you have done your research.
◎Check to see if you can use a nickname, instead of __________, to protect your identity.
◎Never give personal information to anyone, including your home address, phone number, and birthday.
◎Stop contact with others if you feel uncomfortable with the topics of conversation. Again, if you protect your identity, this will be easier to do. Tell your teachers, parents, or even local law enforement if problem arise.
◎Try to use the language you are studying in the classroom in your communication with others.
◎Ask appropriate questions that will also help you learn about other cultures. Remember that someone’s personal experience might help you to understand a whole culture. You have to talk to many different people, and this will get you started.
小题1:Please give this passage a proper title. (Please answer with 10 words.)
    ___________________________________________________________________________
小题2:Please fill in the blank with proper words. (Please answer within 5 words.)
___________________________________________________________________________
小题3: Which sentence in the passage is the closest in meaning to the following one?
    Pen friends used to write letters to keep in touch with each other.
    ___________________________________________________________________________
小题4:Why do many students want to find friends on the Internet?
(Please answer within 30 words.)
    ___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
小题5:Please translate the underlined sentence.
    ___________________________________________________________________________

难度：较易

解析收藏试题篮
10．
[1]Online advertising is simply advertising that is done on the Internet. While it has a much shorter history than traditional advertising, the effects of online advertising can not be undervalued As more people turn to the Internet as a source for daily news, socialization and communication, more advertising dollars are likely to be spent. In fact, in a period of five years, from 2006 to 2010, online advertising                       6 percent of all money spent for advertising, to 12 percent or more.
[2]Online advertising is also quickly becoming a serious force for other types of advertising media to deal with. Newspapers and magazines all over the world are facing a number of different challenges, including loss of ad revenue (广告收益). Many attribute (把……归于) some of those struggles to online advertising, which is not only taking a share of the advertising, but a share of the audience as well.
[3]However, newspapers and magazines are not the only media dealing with lower revenue. The remarkable thing about online advertising is it gives the ads a much wider coverage and its globally wider coverage helps in making the advertisements reach more audiences. Furthermore, because of hypertext (超文本) linking, advertisers have the power to transport potential buyers directly to their site.
[4]Online advertising can be presented in many flexible styles. In some cases, it may not look like advertising at all. There was one case. A video that showed popcorn (爆玉米花) being popped by radiation which was put out from mobile phones was put on the website. While this was later revealed as a trick, the company that put the video online received a large amount of attention. The company sold earphones meant to help limit an individual’s exposure to radiation.
小题1:What is the main idea of the text? (no more than 7 words)
小题2:Fill in the blank in Paragraph 1 with proper words. (no more than 3 words)
小题3:Complete the following statement with proper words according to Paragraph 2. (within 5 words)
Traditional types of advertising media such as newspaper and magazines are suffering
                because of the serious force of online advertising.
小题4:List two benefits of online advertising. (no more than 20 words)
①                      ②
小题5:What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 4 refer to? (withan 3 words)

难度：中等

解析收藏试题篮

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