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            • 1.

              Business is the organized approach to providing customers with the goods and services they want. The word business also refers to an organization that provides these goods and services. Most businesses seek to make a profit(利润)—that is, they aim to achieve income that is more than the costs of operating the business.   (1)   Commonly called nonprofits, these organizations are primarily nongovernmental service providers.   (2)  

                Business management is a term used to describe the techniques of planning, direction, and control of the operations of a business.   (3)   One is the establishment(制定)of broad basic policies with respect to production; sales; the purchase of equipment, materials and supplies; and accounting.   (4)   The third relates to the establishment of standards of work in all departments. Direction is concerned primarily with supervision(监管)and guidance by the management in authority.   (5)  

              (1) A. Control includes the use of records and reports to compare actual work with the set standards for work.
              B. In this connection there is the difference between top management and operative management.
              C. Examples of nonprofit businesses include such organizations as social service agencies and many hospitals.
              D. However, some businesses only seek to earn enough to cover their operating costs.
              E. The second aspect relates to the application of these policies by departments.
              F. In the theory of business management, organization has two main aspects.
              G. Planning in business management has three main aspects.
              (2) A. Control includes the use of records and reports to compare actual work with the set standards for work.
              B. In this connection there is the difference between top management and operative management.
              C. Examples of nonprofit businesses include such organizations as social service agencies and many hospitals.
              D. However, some businesses only seek to earn enough to cover their operating costs.
              E. The second aspect relates to the application of these policies by departments.
              F. In the theory of business management, organization has two main aspects.
              G. Planning in business management has three main aspects.
              (3) A. Control includes the use of records and reports to compare actual work with the set standards for work.
              B. In this connection there is the difference between top management and operative management.
              C. Examples of nonprofit businesses include such organizations as social service agencies and many hospitals.
              D. However, some businesses only seek to earn enough to cover their operating costs.
              E. The second aspect relates to the application of these policies by departments.
              F. In the theory of business management, organization has two main aspects.
              G. Planning in business management has three main aspects.
              (4) A. Control includes the use of records and reports to compare actual work with the set standards for work.
              B. In this connection there is the difference between top management and operative management.
              C. Examples of nonprofit businesses include such organizations as social service agencies and many hospitals.
              D. However, some businesses only seek to earn enough to cover their operating costs.
              E. The second aspect relates to the application of these policies by departments.
              F. In the theory of business management, organization has two main aspects.
              G. Planning in business management has three main aspects.
              (5) A. Control includes the use of records and reports to compare actual work with the set standards for work.
              B. In this connection there is the difference between top management and operative management.
              C. Examples of nonprofit businesses include such organizations as social service agencies and many hospitals.
              D. However, some businesses only seek to earn enough to cover their operating costs.
              E. The second aspect relates to the application of these policies by departments.
              F. In the theory of business management, organization has two main aspects.
              G. Planning in business management has three main aspects.
            • 2.

              What problems do you have with your study?Do you want to improve the way you study?Do you feel nervous before a test?Many students say that a lack of concentration is their biggest problem. It seriously affects their ability to study,so do their test results. 36 

              Study Techniques

              You should always study in the same place. You shouldnˈt sit in a position that you use for another purpose. 37 Donˈt watch TV while you are studying. Experts warn that your concentration may be reduced by 50 percent if you attempt to study in this way. Always try to have a white wall in front of you,so there is nothing to distract you. Before sitting down to study,gather together all the equipment you need. Apart from your textbooks,pens,pencils and knives,make sure you have a dictionary.

               38 Finish one thing before beginning another. If you need a break,get up and walk around for a few minutes,but try not to telephone a friend or have something to eat.

              Test taking Skills

              All your hard work will be for nothing if you are too nervous to take your test. Getting plenty of rest is very important. This means:do not study all night before your test!It is a better idea to have a long term study plan. Try to make a timetable for your study which lasts for a few months.

               39 Doing some form of exercise every day will also improve your concentration. Eat healthy food too.

              When you arrive in the examination room,find your seat and sit down. Breathe slowly and deeply. Check the time on the clock during the test,but not too often. 40 

              (1) ____
              A. Above all,take no notice of everyone else and give the test paper your undivided attention.
              B. Your eyes will become tired if you try to read a text which is on a flat surface.
              C. If so,use these tips to help you.
              D. Be realistic and donˈt try to complete too much in one study period.
              E. For example,when you sit on a sofa to study,your brain will think it is time to relax.
              F. You will have enough energy to deal with your study and exams by eating healthy diet.
              G. Exercise is a great way to reduce pressure.
              (2) ____
              A. Above all,take no notice of everyone else and give the test paper your undivided attention.
              B. Your eyes will become tired if you try to read a text which is on a flat surface.
              C. If so,use these tips to help you.
              D. Be realistic and donˈt try to complete too much in one study period.
              E. For example,when you sit on a sofa to study,your brain will think it is time to relax.
              F. You will have enough energy to deal with your study and exams by eating healthy diet.
              G. Exercise is a great way to reduce pressure.
              (3) ____
              A. Above all,take no notice of everyone else and give the test paper your undivided attention.
              B. Your eyes will become tired if you try to read a text which is on a flat surface.
              C. If so,use these tips to help you.
              D. Be realistic and donˈt try to complete too much in one study period.
              E. For example,when you sit on a sofa to study,your brain will think it is time to relax.
              F. You will have enough energy to deal with your study and exams by eating healthy diet.
              G. Exercise is a great way to reduce pressure.
              (4) ____
              A. Above all,take no notice of everyone else and give the test paper your undivided attention.
              B. Your eyes will become tired if you try to read a text which is on a flat surface.
              C. If so,use these tips to help you.
              D. Be realistic and donˈt try to complete too much in one study period.
              E. For example,when you sit on a sofa to study,your brain will think it is time to relax.
              F. You will have enough energy to deal with your study and exams by eating healthy diet.
              G. Exercise is a great way to reduce pressure.
              (5) _____
              A. Above all,take no notice of everyone else and give the test paper your undivided attention.
              B. Your eyes will become tired if you try to read a text which is on a flat surface.
              C. If so,use these tips to help you.
              D. Be realistic and donˈt try to complete too much in one study period.
              E. For example,when you sit on a sofa to study,your brain will think it is time to relax.
              F. You will have enough energy to deal with your study and exams by eating healthy diet.
              G. Exercise is a great way to reduce pressure.
            • 3.

                 61   Teenagers have opinions about everything and they aren’t shy about sharing them. So allow them to make more decisions. For example, let them decide when and where to study, what to wear, what sports team to join. However, keep in mind that some decisions can’t be discussed or changed. Parents need to set limits that protect their children’ health and safety.

                 62   There’s something happy about the family sitting together around the dinner table. The evening meal is often the time of the day when the family can sit together in one place and talk with each other. So make dinner a family affair. You can use the chance to share the news of the day and make weekend plans.

                63   You can tell your children that you, too, sometimes feel angry or unhappy, which shows your children that you’re not just a parent—you’re a human. Not only will your children feel closer to you, but he or she may feel safe enough to disclose uncomfortable things or feelings.

                 64   They maybe make some wrong choices sometimes. But if they’re over 18, give them the chance to deal with problems on their own. After all, didn’t you want the same from your parents when you were their age?

                65   Don’t read her diary, eavesdrop (偷听) on his phone conversations, or upset her with questions. Remember that they are humans and have their own privacy (隐私) just like you. If you think they have some problems, point it out directly, using five little words: “Can we talk about it?” For example, you can use the words such as “I’ve smelled smoke when you walk into the room several times now. Have you been smoking? Can we talk about it?”

              (1) A. Share your own feelings with your children.
              B. Trust your children to make their own choices.
              C. Allow your children to make their own decisions.
              D. Don’t break your children’s privacy.
              E. Praise your children when you should.
              F. Set a fixed dinnertime to your children
              (2) A. Share your own feelings with your children.
              B. Trust your children to make their own choices.
              C. Allow your children to make their own decisions.
              D. Don’t break your children’s privacy.
              E. Praise your children when you should.
              F. Set a fixed dinnertime to your children
              (3) A. Share your own feelings with your children.
              B. Trust your children to make their own choices.
              C. Allow your children to make their own decisions.
              D. Don’t break your children’s privacy.
              E. Praise your children when you should.
              F. Set a fixed dinnertime to your children
              (4) A. Share your own feelings with your children.
              B. Trust your children to make their own choices.
              C. Allow your children to make their own decisions.
              D. Don’t break your children’s privacy.
              E. Praise your children when you should.
              F. Set a fixed dinnertime to your children
              (5) A. Share your own feelings with your children.
              B. Trust your children to make their own choices.
              C. Allow your children to make their own decisions.
              D. Don’t break your children’s privacy.
              E. Praise your children when you should.
              F. Set a fixed dinnertime to your children
            • 4.

              On Jan. 3, a netizen(网民)nicknamed “Programmer Humor” published a short story on his micro-blog. It said that there was an old lady who swept nearly every inch of his Internet company. When she passed by a programmer, she took a look at the codes on the programmer’s computer and kindly reminded him, “Be careful, the stack is overfilled!”

              Certainly, it is a casual and fictitious(虚构的)story made up by the micro-blogger. However, no one would have guessed that the short blog would eventually cause the first great Internet meme(网络快速爆红现象)of 2011 in China. Suddenly, the mysterious “Sweeping Old Lady” is showing up nearly everywhere and reminding professionals of their mistakes. From 8 a. m. on Jan. 5, some netizens collected stories of the “Sweeping Old Lady” and found she had appeared to give advice in 150 kinds of careers. A netizen even said he had met with a similar situation in real life.

              Actually, the “Sweeping Old Lady” is not new figure, but is based on the “sweeping monk (和尚)”in Louis Cha’s famous Kung fu novel of “Tian Long Ba Bu”. The “sweeping monk” is an old monk and does the lowest class of work in Shaolin Temple, but he is actually the No. 1 master in the novel both in Kung fu and in the study of Buddhism.

              The “Sweeping Old Lady” is also a great modest master. Lots of netizens wish that they could have such a lady beside them to give them precious suggestions at a key time.

              Although there may be 1,000 “Sweeping Old Ladies” in 1,000 people’s minds, it cannot prevent the “Sweeping Old Lady” from becoming the most popular figure on the Internet.

              “Programmer Humor” said he is just a programmer in the real world and once he saw the story about the “Sweeping Old Lady,” he wrote it down in his micro-blog because it was funny. He never knew who the original writer of the story was and never thought the story could be so popular.

              (1) What quality does the “Sweeping Old Lady” have?

                 

              A. Honest and knowledgeable.     
              B. Modest and patient.       
              C. Honest and patient.          
              D. Modest and knowledgeable.
              (2) Which description about the “Sweeping Old Lady” is right?

                 

              A. She is an old lady good at sweeping the Internet.  
              B. She likes to give instructions everywhere.      
              C. She is well-know as the old “sweeping monk.”       
              D. She is just an imaginary figure created by a netizen.
              (3) What can we infer from the text?

                 

              A. We shouldn’t judge a person by his or her appearance and we’d better respect everyone.
              B. We should ask sweeping old lady for advice when meeting with difficulties.       
              C. People want to have a “Sweeping Old Lady” nearby to do the cleaning.       
              D. The sweeping old lady is always looking down on the people around her.
              (4) What does the author think of the “Sweeping Old Lady”?

                 

              A. She shouldn’t mind others’ business.  
              B. She should be praised and respected.      
              C. She should go in for network.      
              D. She shouldn’t show off before professionals.
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