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            • 1． Directions：Complete the following passage by using the words in the box．Each word can only be used once．Note that there is one word more than you need．
              A．accounted  B．limited   C．commercials  D．popular  E．overnight      F．helped       G．increased     H．symbols   I．though         J．talented   K．fashion
              The next time you watch NBA playoff action on TV，take a close look at the shoes that many players are wearing．Gone，for the most part，are the ankle-hugging high-tops that supposedly（41）     to protect players from injury．
              The change over the last few years to low-top sneakers（运动鞋） seems to go against conventional wisdom．Strangely，（42）    ，Steven Nash and Kobe Bryant，two of the most（43）    
              players with the Los Angeles Lakers，aren't worried．
              According to the US market-research firm NPD Group，high-tops once （44）     for about 20percent of the US basketball shoe market．Now，the number has sunk to about 8percent．Low-tops，the kind that Nash and Bryant wear，have grown to 29percent，from just 11percent in 2002．
              High-top sneakers are one of the most celebrated （45）     in modern basketball．After the 1985Air Jordans so transformed the market，shoe companies began battling one another．They put air pumps in the tongues of their shoes and made carefully prepared and organized （46）    ．
              "All of a sudden it became a（47）     business，"Marshal Cohen，an analyst with NPD group，told The Wall Street Journal．The Jordans were excellent．The market went from being nothing to a million-dollar business （48）    ．"
              One of the reasons high-tops are not so（49）     anymore is that they were never really very good at protecting the feet．
              In an article in the British Journal of Sports Medicine in 2008，University of Newcastle researcher Craig Richards found no evidence that sneakers（50）     injuries．His research actually found that high-top basketball sneakers could even cause players to run slower and jump lower．Now，the contest has become a war．Companies like Adidas，Nike，Converse and Reebok are all fighting to create the next"Air Jordan，"and with the next market battle．
              难度：中等
              解析 收藏 试题篮
            • 2．
              A．benefitB．welcomeC．familiarD．reachE．setting
              F．evolutionG．lastingH．reputationI．goalJ．introducingK．work
              Whenever I travel，I meet international leaders who have studied in Britain．These energetic，intelligent people chose Britain because we offer high quality higher education．This is good news for the UK．People who are educated here have a（41）     tie to our country．They promote Britain around the world，helping our trade and our diplomacy．It is easier for our executives and our diplomats to do business with people （42）     with Britain．British exports of education and training are worth some eight billion pounds a year．Money feeds into our institutions and helps our （43）     to open up opportunities for more people to study．Our young people also （44）    ．They gain from the doors in the world which contact with international students．We can teach，but we can also learn from others．Nowadays，we are launching a long-term strategy to strengthen the United Kingdom as a first choice for the quality of study and the quality of our（45）     to international students．This will be a UK-wide and a Government-wide effort．We are （46）     a package of measures to help encourage students from overseas to study in the UK．We will offer international students more open doors．…
              We have the measures in place，but we are also（47）     tough targets for recruitment（招募）．We want to have 25percent of the global market share of higher education students and we want to increase the number of international students studying in Further Education institutions by 100percent．Our aim is to （48）     these targets in 5years．Tough targets，but deliverable．While giving these undertakings，I also want to lay down a challenge to others．To business-I ask you to （49）     with the British Council overseas to market education．And to universities and colleges-I ask you to live up to your（50）    ，to professionalise your approach，to deliver a quality education to overseas students that encourages involvement and rises to the challenge of our competitors，to work as partners together．
              难度：中等
              解析 收藏 试题篮
            • 3． Trust is in rare supply these days．People are having trouble trusting each other，according to an AP-GFK poll conducted in November 2013，which found that Americans are suspicious of each other in their everyday life．Only one-third of Americans say most people can be trusted-down from half who felt that way in 1972．A record high of nearly two-thirds says"you can't be too careful"in dealing with people in 2013．
              This can be carried over into the workplace，where employees want their leaders to be more trustworthy．Employees have grown tired of unexpected outcomes resulting from the lack of preparation．They want to be informed of any change management efforts before-not after the fact．Employees desire to know what is expected of them and be given the opportunity to better themselves，rather than be told they are not qualified for new roles and responsibilities．
              Here are four early warning signs for you to course-correct when employees are having trouble trusting their leaders．
              Lack courage
              Leaders that don't stand up for what they believe in are difficult to respect and trust．Too many leaders waste too much of their valuable time trying to act like other leaders in the organization-rather than attempting to establish their own identity and leadership style．Employees know that if their leaders are not savvy （精明） enough to move themselves into a position of greater influence，it will make it much more difficult for them to get noticed and discovered as well．When leaders lack the courage to enable their full potential and that of others，it becomes a challenge to trust．
              Self-centered
              When a leader is only looking out for themselves and lacks any sense of commitment to the advancement of their employees-this shuts off employees quickly．Great leaders are great coaches and are always looking to help their employees grow．When leaders lack any real desire to coach or'guide the career advancement of their employees-it becomes increasingly difficult for employees to trust them．But when leaders are too disruptive （指手画脚），their employees sense that they are in it for themselves and/or don't trust the talent around them．
              Reputation issues
              When people begin to speak negatively about their leader，it makes it more difficult for others to trust their intentions．For example，look at what has happened to President Barack Obama since December 2009when his approval rating was 69%．Four years later，Obama's approval rating is at 43%．Many who have followed him for years are now having trouble trusting him．
              Every leader must be aware that they are constantly being evaluated and thus they can never grow self-satisfied．When they do，this begins to negatively impact their reputation and the trust employees have in their leadership．
              Inconsistent Behavior
              People are more inclined to trust those who are consistent with their behavior．Isn't it easy to begin questioning one's judgment when they are inconsistent？When everyone but the leader is on board with a strategy-you begin to wonder if their intentions are to support the organization's advancement or their own．Leaders need to refresh their leadership style before they lose the trust of their employees．
              This is what today leaders must consider：how to lead in new ways that focus less on oneself，but more on the betterment of a healthier whole．
              Trust between employees and their leaders
              Problem（71）     has been declining among Americans in their daily life as well as in the workplace．
              Employees'hopes for leaders （72）     trust●Employees want to be （73）     to get prepared for any change management efforts in advance．
              ●Employees desire to know their leaders'expectations of them and want to get （74）     to better themselves．
              Warnings for leaders to （75）     the breakdown of trust●Don't （76）     other leaders and stand up for what you believe in．
              ●Be （77）     to helping your employees grow．
              ●Never let（78）     negatively impact your reputation．
              ●Behave （79）     or your judgment will be questioned．
              SuggestionFor leaders，more focus on the betterment of a healthier whole should be taken into （80）    ．
              难度：中等
              解析 收藏 试题篮
            • 4．
              A．cropped    B．home     C．desirable     D．issue     E．illegal
              F．scene      G．presented   H．worsening    I．urban     J．endure  K．disturbed
              If this summer you pay a visit to Milan，the fashion center of Italy，make sure you're not caught eating ice cream in the streets after midnight as doing so is now （41）    ．
              A new law was passed by Milan's city council banning the sale of take-away food and drinks after midnight in some districts which are famous for their nightlife （42）    ．The purpose of this unusual move is，according to the city council，to discourage night gathering in downtown areas．
              The law inevitably has given rise to a number of protests，accusing that the government has （43）     people's normal lives．However，if you take into consideration the country's （44）     economy and its high unemployment rate，the local government's fear of‘night assembling'may be reasonable．
              In fact，Milan's law is only the strangest of a host of restrictions on nightlife that have （45）     up in European cities recently．Madrid's city center was declared a‘low-noise zone'last September and the city council has been refusing to （46）     bar and club licenses ever since．
              Why do European cities deal so strictly with nightlife？It may be because Europe's population is getting older and can no longer （47）    late night activities within the neighborhood．
              In the past，bars and clubs bloomed in European city centers，which were （48）     to working class populations．But gradually，these people began to move out of the city centers and into the suburbs．Only the wealthy and the upper-class people can afford to live in （49）     centers now．But these people don't go to bars and clubs to socialize．Instead，they consider fun-seekers who wander in their neighborhoods annoying．They also worry that bars and clubs will make their neighborhoods less （50）     and devalue their housing property．
              难度：中等
              解析 收藏 试题篮
            • 5． Driving in traffic can be extremely stressful．Pedestrians appear out of nowhere，cars suddenly pull out of parking spots，and roads become slippery due to rain or snow．Knowing when to brake and when to accelerate in such situations is hard enough for a human driver，let alone a robotic one．But several carmakers-and a few tech companies-are working to convince drivers to let driverless cars take the wheel．
                     Without question，the most anticipated benefit of driverless cars is improved safety．Driverless systems will feature sensors that detect safety threats that human drivers might miss．Many carmakers already offer systems that alert drivers whenever they get dangerously close to other cars．
              Also，driverless systems have the benefit of increased efficiency．Driverless cars won't waste as much gas as human drivers do，and guided by advanced GPS，they'll always take the fastest route．Once driverless cars become widely available，common people can have their own driver，and they'll just sit back and relax while their car's computer takes the wheel!
              Although completely driverless cars won't be on the market for several years，the technology behind them is already appearing in phases．Two examples are the Active Lane Keeping Assist option for Mercedes-Benz cars and Ford's Traffic Jam Assist．In the first option，the system warns the driver whenever the car crosses lane markings by causing the steering wheel to vibrate（振动）．In the second option，the system helps the car keep pace with other cars while remaining in its current lane．The system is being developed to help relieve blocking on busy roads．
                     Several carmakers claim that they'll produce driverless cars within the next decade．But critics aren't so sure，warning that a completely driverless car must be able to make split-second decisions in even the most complex traffic situations．In addition，the car's computer must become smart enough to know when to ask the driver to intervene （介入，干涉） to prevent an accident．
                     Full government approval won't happen until driverless cars are proven safe．In the meantime，expect to see carmakers offer ever-smarter features on their new models．
               （Note：Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TWELVE WORDS）
              78．One of the factors that make traffic extremely stressful is the    
              79．What are the benefits of driverless system？    
              80．What will happen to a car with the Active Lane Keeping Assist when it crosses lane markings？    
              81．Driverless cars won't be on the market until they can    ．
              难度：中等
              解析 收藏 试题篮
            • 6． Friends in your life are like pillars on your porch．Sometimes they hold you up and sometimes they lean on you．Sometimes it's just enough to know they're standing by．Friendship doubles your joy and divides your grief．A friendship is priceless and should be cultivated．
              ●Remembering the golden rule
              Without a doubt，the greatest human relations principle is to treat other people like you want to be treated．When you show respect for your friends and gratitude for their friendship，you'll be blessed in untold ways．
              You can't know what has gone on in the rude person's life that day，but you can assume that his or her day hasn't gone well．Maybe a loved one lost his job，her boss reprimanded her unjustly，he's coming down with the flu，or she just found out that her teenager is taking drugs．
              Whatever the cause of the rudeness，you don't have to accentuate（突出） the problem．A kind word or a gentle，understanding smile may help the person more than returned rudeness would．
              ●Considering foes as friends
              A friend looks after your own good．On the other hand，a foe is someone who isn't interested in your well-being．
              Yet some students view their teachers as enemies．However，a student's success in school partly depends on the teacher's effectiveness in the classroom．Instead of being an enemy，a teacher who corrects you and helps you to achieve can be the best friend you ever had．
              This kind of thinking，along with a little attitude adjustment，helps you to convert foes to friends，and both of you are better off．
              ●Making friends by being an optimist
              Do you enjoy being around a pessimist，someone who is generally described as being able to brighten up a room just by leaving it？The answer is obvious．Most people prefer to be around people who believe that tomorrow is going to be better than today，rather than people who believe that today is even worse than yesterday．
              ●Capturing the pleasing personality
                  How do you develop a pleasing personality？Here are some steps you can take：
              Smile when you see someone．You don't have to give a wide grin-just a pleasant，friendly smile．
              Speak in a pleasant，upbeat tone of voice．Talk to people as if they are good friends，even if they don't really fall into that category yet．
              Take a course in public speaking．The ability to express yourself attracts favorable attention from many sources．
              Develop a sense of humor．Pick up a couple of joke books．This makes you a little more outgoing and friendly．
              ●Don't criticize unjustly
              Instead of being eager to dish out criticism all the time，take the humane and sensible approach．Look for the good in others．Encourage them．Build them up．
                  Most people seldom think through each situation completely and consider the other person's point of view．If you take the time and effort to do this，you'll end up befriending more people．
                                  Title：Five ways to cultivate friendship
              Passage outline Supporting details
              Introduction to friendshipFriends in your life are like pillars on your porch．Sometimes friends share each other's （72）    and sorrow．
               
               
               
               
               
              （71）    of cultivating friendship              		●Remembering the gold rule
              Treat others like you want to be treated．Don't have to accentuate the problem even though they are （73）    to you，because sometimes a gentle understanding （74）    is better than a rude behavior．
              ●Considering foes as friends
              （75）    on foes as friends makes you and your friends better off．
              ●Making friends by being an optimist
              Most people have the （76）    for being around the ones who are optimistic．
              ●Capturing the pleasing personality
              ﹡Give a （77）     and friendly smile．
              ﹡Speak in a pleasant，upbeat tone of voice．
              ﹡Take a course about speaking （78）    ．
              ﹡Develop a sense of humor．
              ●Don't criticize unjustly
              ﹡（79）    criticizing others
              ﹡Look for the good in others．
              ConclusionMake an effort to do this and you'll （80）    more friends in the end．
              难度：中等
              解析 收藏 试题篮
            • 7． How Self-Acceptance Leads to Happiness Within
              Finding acceptance is a natural desire of most people．When we are young，it is important to us to be accepted by others．To do this，we will often adopt the views and interests of the others rather than develop our own．
              Over time，however，we have the opportunity to learn to accept ourselves．People who have done this are confident in their true abilities； they do not feel the need to impress other people．They are concerned with whether their actions produce worthwhile results rather than with how they are seen by others．
              Less confident people constantly agree with everything others suggest，for fear of having their own ideas rejected．Defensive people are also usually unconfident； in an attempt to hide their unconfidence，they blame others．
              Confident people do not give up when faced with a difficult situation； they say"I can"rather than"I can't．"Knowing that each day is an opportunity to use their talents to acquire good health，good friendships，and great happiness，they always put their best foot forward．Gradually they can  appreciate the differences between themselves and other people．
              Recognizing the details that we cannot change about ourselves helps us grow personally，so why waste energy complaining about being short？Instead of focusing on personal characteristics we are not satisfied with，we ought to focus more on what we are good at．
              Such expressions as"Love yourself"and"Be true to your own self"are about self-acceptance，as well as honesty and morality．We should consider them to be good advice，and treat them as signposts showing the way to happiness within．

              TopicWe should learn to accept ourselves as well as find（76）     by others．
              Benefits
              of accepting ourselves              		▲We are （77）     in our true abilities and our lives．
              ▲We are less （78）    to give up when faced with difficult situations．
              ▲We are able to acquire good health，good friendships，and great happiness，
              ▲We are provided with （79）     for personal growth．

              （80）    
              on accepting ourselves              		▲We are concerned with （81）     results rather than others'views of ourselves．
              ▲We needn't fear that our own ideas are rejected，（82）    can we blame others．
              ▲We can have a gradual （83）      of the differences between ourselves and others．
              ▲We focus more on our （84）     rather than unchangeable personal characteristics we are not satisfied with．
              ConclusionWe are to love ourselves and make our way to （85）     within．
              难度：中等
              解析 收藏 试题篮
            • 8． A．consequently B．divorced    C．serving     D．imaginary      E．hit
              F．evil         g．secret      H．gained      i．honours        J．inspired
               
              The popularity of the fantasy novels Harry Potter and the great success of the Potter movie series have aroused Potter fans'craze about the author-Joanne Kathleen Rowling．
              Rowling started writing after graduating with（41）    ．Nonetheless，this was not supposed to be her main job，as she was already working as a secretary．She found her job rather boring and was frequently absent-minded，as she was always taking notes for sudden ideas for future stories．She was fired（42）    and went from one job to another．
              Finally，a trip by train （43）    her to produce a story about a young wizard （巫师）born with responsibilities to fight（44）    forces．Unfortunately，her idea could not be developed due to her mother's sudden death．Shocked and depressed，Rowling left Britain．When she returned，she was already a （45）    single mother with a little daughter．in spite of all the frustrations in life，she managed to put her（46）    story to the point．Harry Potter was published and became a（n）（47）    in no time．The Potter books have（48）    worldwide applause，won multiple awards，and have been the basis for a popular series of films，in which Rowling had overall approval on the scripts （脚本）and maintained creative control at the same time by（49）    As a producer in the films．It is through Harry Potter that Rowling has led a"rags to riches"reality show，where she progressed from living on social security to multi-millionaire status．
              难度：中等
              解析 收藏 试题篮
            • 9． Parents and kids today dress alike，listen to the same music，and are friends．Is this a good thing？Sometimes，when Mr．Ballmer and his 16-year-old daughter，Elizabeth，listen to rock music together and talk about interests both enjoy，such as pop culture，he remembers his more distant relationship with his parents when he was a teenager．
              "I would never have said to my mom，‘Hey，the new Weezer album is really great．How do you like it？'"says Ballmer．"There was just a complete gap in taste．"
              Music was not the only gulf．From clothing and hairstyles to activities and expectations，earlier generations of parents and children often appeared to move in separate orbits．
              Today，the generation gap has not disappeared，but it is getting narrow in many families．Conversations on subjects such as sex and drugs would not have taken place a generation ago．Now they are comfortable and common．And parent-child activities，from shopping to sports，involve a feeling of trust and friendship that can continue into adulthood．
              No wonder greeting cards today carry the message，"To my mother，my best friend．"
              But family experts warn that the new equality can also result in less respect for parents．"There's still a lot of strictness and authority on the part of parents out there，but there is a change happening，"says Kerrie，a psychology professor at Lebanon Valley College．"In the middle of that change，there is a lot of confusion among parents．"
              Family researchers offer a variety of reasons for these evolving roles and attitudes．They see the 1960s as a turning point．Great cultural changes led to more open communication and a more democratic process that encourages everyone to have a say．
              "My parents were on the‘before'side of that change，but today's parents，the 40-year-olds，were on the‘after'side，"explains Mr．Ballmer．"It's not something easily accomplished by parents these days，because life is more difficult to understand or deal with，but sharing interests does make it more fun to be a parent now．"
              （Note：Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TWELVE WORDS．）

              81．The underlined word"gulf"in Para.3most probably means    ．
              82．How is the generation gap getting narrow today？    ．
              83．What is the change in today's parent-child relationship？    
              84．The purpose of the passage is to    ．
              难度：中等
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            • 10． A．disability        B．means      C．emerged        D．association          E．confirmed
              F．transformation    G．linked     H．amazed         I．beneficial           J．indication

              Some people with autism（孤独症） have （41）     experts with their outstanding memories，mathematical skills or musical talent．Now scientists have found that the genes thought to cause autism may also confer（给予） mathematical，musical and other skills on people without the condition．
              The finding has （42）      from a study of autism among 378Cambridge University students，which found the condition was up to seven times more common among mathematicians than students in other fields．
              If （43）    ，it could explain why autism-a （44）     that makes it hard to communicate with，and relate to，others─continues to exist in all types of society．It suggests the genes responsible are usually （45）    ，causing the disease only if present in the wrong combinations．"Our understanding of autism is undergoing a （46）    ，"said Professor Simon Baron-Cohen，director of the autism research centre at Cambridge，who led the study．
              "It seems clear that genes play a significant role in the causes of autism and that those genes are also （47）      to certain intellectual skills．"
              Scientists have long been interested by the apparent （48）     between autism and intellectual gifts in specific fields．This has made autism a hot topic in popular culture，from films such as Rain Man，which starred Dustin Hoffman and Tom Cruise，to books such as The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Nighttime．
              Temple Grandin，61，was diagnosed（诊断） with autism as a child and is now professor of animal sciences at Colorado State University．She said："People with autism have played a vital role in human evolution and culture．Scientists such as Isaac Newton and Albert Einstein show every （49）      of having been autistic．The world owes a great deal to those who design and programme computers，many of whom show autistic traits．"
              难度：中等
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