1．健康的重要性；

2．你的建议：饮食、锻炼、养成良好的生活习惯等。

注意：1．词数100左右；

2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

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When early colonial settlers went to America, they took many forms of dance to their new home. Square dancing, one of the oldest forms of American folk dancing, developed from several different Old World group dances, mainly English country dances, and the French quadrille(四对方舞).

   In the American version of square dancing, four couples form a square and dance to music. An American addition to square dancing is the caller. What do you think a caller does?

The callers---someone who calls out the dance steps in time to the music--- was a completely American invention. At first dancers memorized all the steps for a particular dance, but eventually the dances became so complicated that it was necessary to have someone call out cues (提示) so that dancers didn’t have to remember so many steps. The caller didn’t just call out “do-se-do your partner”; a good caller also came up with colorful sayings or witty lines that he said in between the cues such as “Don’t be shy and don’t be afraid. Swing on the corner in a waltz promenade (步伐).” A caller might also come up with new dance steps and routines.

   Although popular for years, square dancing seemed to be going out of style and fading away until the early 1930s, when Henry Ford helped revive（复苏）interest in it. Ford, the automobile manufacturer, used to vacation at the Wayside Inn in Massachusetts, where he enjoyed the dance programme run by a man named Benjamin Lovett. Ford asked Lovett to come to Detroit and teach dances, but Lovett said he couldn’t because he had a contract with the inn. Ford solved that problem by buying the inn and Lovett’s contract. He took Lovett back to Detroit, where together they established a programme for teaching squares and rounds. Square dancing was updated and groups began forming all over the country.

​

It is a question that has confused parents for decades: why do children refuse to eat greens?

Now, two American experts believe they have the answer. After studying dozens of babies as they played with various objects, the researchers noted that they were far more unwilling to grasp plants than other things. They believe this is because evolution (生物进化) has biologically made children be wary of plants.

Due to susceptibility (敏感性) to illness or injury in the early years of life, the body has designed an inner defence mechanism (内部保护机制) that limits a child’s contact with plants, they think. The researchers believe this is why babies in the study were afraid of grabbing plants － and why children turn their noses up when faced with a plate of broad beans.

The findings are published in a paper by Dr Annie E Wertz and Dr Karen Wynn, both psychologists at Yale University.

They wrote，“Throughout human evolution ...plants have been essential to human existence. Yet, for all of these benefits, plants have always caused very real dangers.”

“Plants produce toxins (毒素) as defences that can be harmful, or even deadly. Some plants also employ physical defences, such as thorns and poisonous oils that can damage tissues (组织) and cause effects over the whole body.”

They added，“We predicted that babies may have behavioural strategies that reduce their exposure to dangers posed by plants by minimising their physical contact with plants.”

To test their theory, the researchers studied how children aged eight to 18 months old reacted when presented with a variety of objects. It took much longer for children to grab plants; objects that were faked to look like plants also caused a slow response time.

For parents attempting to spoon some peas into the mouth of their child, this finding should come as welcome relief.

There are inspirational tales which have climbed up the ladder of the bookshelf this week. Reflect on them.

Book: No Looking Back

Author: Shivani Gupta        Publisher: Rupa         Pages: 246

Twenty-two-year-old Shivani had thrown a party one evening and awoke the next morning in hospital. Paralyzed(瘫痪) and then wheelchair bound, it took Shivani years of pain, struggle and determination to regain control of her life and her body. Then tragedy struck again. As the newly-married Shivani drove to Manali with her family, an oil tanker crashed head-on with the car. Bedridden once again, yet, Shivani refused to give up--she wouldn’t let her inability to walk keep her from achieving her ambitions.

Book: Courage Beyond Compare

Author: Sanjay Sharma and Medini Sharma       Publisher: Rupa       Pages: 258

The 10 sportsmen in the book are champions in diverse disciplines like athletics, swimming, badminton. They overcame physical limitations to reach the top of their chosen fields. Powerful and inspiring, these stories are heart-warming reminders that a strong mind and great determination almost always triumphs (战胜) over the limitations of the human body.

Book: Face to Face

Author: Ved Mehta            Publisher: Penguin        Pages: 314

Blind since the age of four, the author led a lonely childhood in India until he was accepted to the Arkansas School for the Blind, to which he flew alone at 15. America and the school changed his life, leading to degrees at Oxford and Harvard and a successful writing career.

Book: This Star Won’t Go Out

Author: Esther Earl with Lori and Wayne Earl         Publisher: Penguin      Pages: 431

Diagnosed with cancer at the age of 12, Esther Earl was a very bright and talented, but very normal teenager. She lived a hope-filled and generous life as her physical health declined elegantly.

A cheerful, positive and encouraging daughter, sister and friend, Esther died in 2010, shortly after turning 16, but not before inspiring thousands through her growing online presence

A

Movies that have had a great influence on society and awareness tend to force us to care about topics outside of our comfort zone. While the characters in the following two classic storied suffer from medical issues, they have an effect on our understanding of illness and the human spirit.

●My Left Foot (1989)

Health issue: cerebral palsy (大脑性麻痹)

Starring: Daniel Day-Lewis, Brenda Fricker

Plot summary: It is a true story of Irish writer and cerebral palsy victim Christy Brown. He is a young Irish man suffering from cerebral palsy, which make most of his body motionless except for his left foot. Because of his disorder, Brown is considered mentally useless by most people who know him, including his own father. However, with support from his mother, Brown learns to write and paint with his left foot and eventually becomes a famous artist and author.

Influence: Although Brown’s 1970 novel Down All the Days was quite popular, by the 1980s, many still associated cerebral palsy with his complete mental and physical disability. The film helped to change people’s wrong ideas by stressing Brown literary and artistic contribution, his sense of humor and struggles with depression.

●The King’s Speech (2010)

Health issue: the stutter (口吃)

Starring: Colin Firth, Geoffrey Rush, Helena Bonham Carter

Plot summary: GeorgeⅥ, King of the United Kingdom, suffers from a stuttering disorder, so most people think he is unfit to lead the country. But with the help of a speech expert, King George Ⅵ overcomes his disorder and becomes a capable leader.

Influence: The King’s Speech has been praised for its accurate description of the challenges commonly faced by GeorgeⅥ who had a speech disorder. “This movie raised awareness of the complexities of the stutter and also of the help that is available to those in need,” Jane Fraser, President of The Stuttering Foundation, tells Yahoo Health.

C

Barbecuing has been an art form ever since hunting and fire were mastered．
Many countries claim it as their own．
In France，the phrase "barbe a  queueˈ，一meaning "from head to tailˈ，一has
been used to describe a method of cooking a pig whole．In the US，BBQ，which is
considered to be short for "barbecueˈ，，was once used on old roadhouse signs that
advertised "bar, beer and cues（球杆）．”
But in Australia, "where gas barbecues can be found in just about every backyard
and balcony in the country, barbecuing is considered a basic rightˈ，noted CNN.
On November 15，Australia，s Prime Minister Tony Abbott hosted a traditional
Aussie barbecue lunch to treat、the world，s most powerful leaders who had arrived in
Brisbane，Queensland for the G20 Leaders Summit. The lunch not only featured the
traditional burnt but tasty steak and sausages，but also other special Australian foods．
So how did the barbecue become such an important part of the country，s culture
In Australia, firing up the barbie（烧烤架）and laid-back outdoor eating are almost a
way of life，said Cue.
Barbecuing came to be thought of as an important part of the Aussie lifestyle in
the 1960s, when the "chop（排骨）picnic" became part of the Aussie language. "We
love the great outdoors so much that something like that great Australian tradition, the
‘barbie’，was certain to happen,，，Australian author Mark Thomson wrote in his book
the Legendary Australian Barbecue．

B

Can dogs and cats live in perfect harmony in the same home? People who are thinking about adopting a dog as a friend for their cats are worried that they will fight. A recent research has found a new recipe of success. According to the study, if the cat is adopted before the dog, and if they are introduced when still young (less than 6 months for cats, a year for dogs), it is highly probable that the two pets will get along swimmingly. Two­thirds of the homes interviewed reported a positive relationship between their cat and dog.

However, it wasnˈt all sweetness and light. There was a reported coldness between the cat and dog in 25% of the homes, while aggression and fighting were observed in 10% of the homes. One reason for this is probably that some of their body signals were just opposite. For example, when a cat turns its head away it signals aggression, while a dog doing the same signals submission.

In homes with cats and dogs living peacefully, researchers observed a surprising behavior. They are learning how to talk each otherˈs language. It is a surprise that cats can learn how to talk “dog”，and dogs can learn how to talk “cat”．

Whatˈs interesting is that both cats and dogs have appeared to develop their intelligence. They can learn to read each otherˈs body signals, suggesting that the two may have more in common than we previously suspected. Once familiar with each otherˈs presence and body language, cats and dogs can play together, greet each other nose to nose, and enjoy sleeping together on the sofa. They can easily share the same water bowl and in some cases groom (梳理) each other.

The significance of this research on cats and dogs may go beyond pets—to people who donˈt get along, including neighbors, colleagues at work, and even world superpowers.  If cats and dogs can learn to get along, surely people have a good chance.

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A

The Orphan（孤儿）Trains began 75 years ago. They helped thousands of children without parents or homes. Some children were adopted by Christian families. Those who were not adopted were the official foster children.

Most Orphan Train children found good homes with loving Christian families. But a few ended up with families who used the children as servants. Anyway, if a child were being badly treated, the Orphan Trains usually found him or her a new home. They were not only provided with food and shelter but also kept away from a life of crime.

Clara and her two brothers were lucky to find good homes through the Orphan Trains. When Clara was about seven, her parents and a sister were killed when they tried to cross a river in New York State. She and her two brothers, five-year-old James and three-year-old Howard, were sent to different families in Kansas. Each child ended up with a different loving family. They were able to keep in touch with one another throughout their lives. Clara’s new mother was a school teacher. When she grew up, Clara married, moved to Texas and lived a happy life all through her life.

 In an interview, the grown-up “orphans” said they learned in the process of their life how important it is to be loved. They grew up to become loving, caring parents of their own children.

                                                                                                     C

This is the first animated movie I’ve seen for 2016. And I must say that Zootopia has really set the bar high in terms of overall quality. As of this writing it still has a 99% score on Rotten Tomatoes.

There is a lot of animated movies this year that circles around animals like Kung Fu Panda, Finding Dory, ICE AGE 5, Norm of the North and Angry Birds but I think no animated film is grabbing adult themes, like racism and cultural prejudice, by the horns like Zootopia.

Zootopia sets up a world where animals evolved（进化）to a civilization where predators（捕食者） and prey have learned to co-exist and create a thriving society.

The movie is a buddy cop film where the two main characters, Officer Judy Hopps (the first rabbit to become a cop) and Nick Wilde (a sly street hustler) have to solve the mystery of 14 missing animals. Through their mystery adventure they meet a lot of different characters and learn things about each other and about themselves.

Just some interesting points of observation:

•I personally found how they created the world of Zootopia amazing. I think that our local city planners could learn a thing or two about creating an inclusive city by watching this film.

•The movie is highly accurate to reflect the current times like how a politician is using fear to pit most of the mammals against Zootopia’s minority population of predators（捕食者）.

Overall Zootopia was light, funny, has a nice message about working to achieve your dreams and has a catchy pop song to go with it. But the magic is how they tied in cultural diversity and our need to recognize our own prejudices and correct it. In this day and age there should already be less hate and hopefully both children and adults learn this lesson.