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            • 1． ________
              难度：中等
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            • 2． ______
              难度：较易
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            • 3． Pup a group of strangers in a room together，and they'll probably start a conversation．"Hot today，isn't it？"one might say．"You said it．"another replies．
                  Why do we talk so much about the weather？When we meet new people，we don't begin by telling them our life story．We start with small talk，a polite conversation about something like traffic or weather．
                  Research suggests that small talk can build new friendships．When we begin conversations with new people，we want to feel comfortable，and so do they．We use small talk to find common interests．Once we have a common interest，a friendship can begin．
                  Small talk even helps people get hired．In order to impress at a job interview，you need to bond with the interviewer right away．Proper small talk can make that first impression get you the job．
                  So，how can you make small talk lead to a new friendship or job？First off，find common ground．Select something around you that you share with the other person．
                  Next，keep the conversation going．Compliment （赞美） the other person to make himor her feel comfortable，and ask questions to show interest．
                  Third，keep eye contact （接触）．When you look people in the eye，they feel you appreciate what they are saying．It makes you appear honest and builds trust．
                  Naturally，shy people might not have enough confidence to start up conversations with strangers．Talking to someone you don't know is not the easiest thing to do!Some experts say with more practice，small talk does get easier．
                  Some people avoid small talk because they dislike discussing things like traffic or weather．For them，they are just too small．However，when you think about it，small talk is anything but small．In fact，it is actually a very big deal!

              Title Small Talk：A Big （1） ______
              Introduction We are likely to make small talk when we （2） ______  meet people．
              （3） ______ ❖Small talk can help people form （4） ______  friendships．
              ❖Small talk can also help people get a （5） ______ ．
              Advice ❖Find some topics （6） ______  with the other person．
              ❖Keep the talk going by making compliments and （7） ______  questions．
              ❖Keep eye contact in conversation to build （8） ______ ．
              ❖（9） ______  more in order to make small talk easier．
              Conclusion Small talk really （10） ______  a lot to us．
              难度：较难
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            • 4． The Science of Risk-Seeking
              Sometimes We decide that a little unnecessary danger is worth it because when we weigh the risk and the reward，the risk seems worth tasking．（71）     Some of us enjoy activities that would surprise and scare the rest of us．Why？Experts say it may have to do with how our brains work．
              The reason why any of us take any risks at all might have to do with early humans．Risk-takers were better at hunting，fighting，or exploring．（72）    As the quality of Risk-taking was passed from on ration to the next，humans ended up with a sense of adventure and a tolerance for risk．
              So why aren’t we all jumping out of airplanes then？Well，even 200，000years ago，too much risk-taking could get one Killed．A few daring survived，though，along with a few stay-in-the-cave types．As a result，humans developed a range of character types that still exists today．So maybe you love car racing，or maybe you hate it． （73）    
              No matter where you are on the risk-seeking range，scientists say that your Willingness to take risks increases during your teenage years．（74）    To help you do that，your brain increases your hunger for new experiences．New experiences often mean taking some risks，so your brain raises your tolerance for risk as well．
              Mean taking some risks，so your brain raisers your tolerance for risk as well．
              （75）     For the risk-seekers a part of the brain related to pleasure becomes active，while for the rest of us，a part of the brain related to fear becomes active．
              As experts continue to study the science of risk-seeking，we’ll continue to hit the mountains，the waves or the shallow end of the pool．

              A．It all depends on your character．
              B．Those are the risks you should jump to take．
              C．Being better at those things meant a greater chance of survival．
              D．Thus，these well-equipped people survived because they were the fittest．
              E．This is when you start to move away from your family and into the bigger world．
              F．However，we are not all using the same reference standard to weigh risks and rewards．
              G．New brain research suggests our brains work differently when we face a nervous situation．
              难度：中等
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            • 5． Both men and women are living longer these days in industrialized countries．（36）     In general，they can expect to live six or seven years more than men．One reason for this is biological．
              One important biological factor that helps women live longer is the difference in hormones between men and women．（37）     Between the ages of about 12and 50，women produce hormones that are involved in fertility（生育能力）．These hormones also have a positive effect on the heart and blood flow．In fact，women are less likely to have high blood pressure or to die from heart attacks．
              （38）    They help the body defend itself against some kinds of infections．This means that women generally ger sick less often and less seriously than men．The common cold is a good example：women，on average，get fewer colds than men．（39）    Scientists are still not exactly sure how genes influence aging，but they believe that they do．Some think that a woman’s body cells have a tendency（向） to age more slowly than a man’s．Others think that a man’s body cells have a tendency to age more quickly．（40）    

              A．However，women，on average，live longer．
              B．The biological factor plays an important part．
              C．Women are also helped by their female genes．
              D．The female hormones also protect the body in another way．
              E．Recent research seems to support both of these possibilities．
              F．Therefore，women are more healthy than men and can live a better life．
              G．Hormones are chemicals which are produced by the body to control carious body functions．
              难度：中等
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            • 6． The average computer user has between 5 and 15 username/password combinations to log in different kinds of accounts．Some demand you use a specific number of symbols and digits，while others require you to change your password every 60 days．The feeling of confusion resulting from memorizing these login information has grown so common that it actually has a name：password fatigue（疲劳）．
              Having to remember so many different passwords is annoying，but it can also be dangerous．Because it is virtually impossible to remember a unique password for each of these accounts，many people leave handwritten lists of usernames and passwords on or next to their computers．
              （71）    While these practices make it easier to remember login information，they also make it easier for thieves to hack into accounts．
              Single Sign-On （SSO） confirmation and password management software can help solve this problem．With SSO，users only need to remember one password to log in to the main system．
              （72）    SSO software is typically used by large companies，schools，or libraries．
              （73）    If a user loses or forgets the password required to log in to SSO software，the user will then lose access to all of the applications linked to the SSO account．Users who rely on password management software face the same problems．
              Although most websites or network systems allow users to recover or change lost passwords by providing email addresses or answering a prompt（提示），this process can waste time and cause further frustration．What is more，recovering a forgotten password is only a temporary solution．
              （74）    
              Some computer scientists have suggested computers rely on biometrics（生物测定学）．（75）     The use of biometrics raises questions concerning privacy and can also be expensive to practice．
               Software engineers and computer security experts are still searching for the cure to password fatigue．Until they find the perfect solution，however，everyone will simply have to rely on the password system currently in place．

              A．It does not address the larger problem of password fatigue．
              B．These software programs have been built into many major web browsers
              C．The problem with password management software makes users feel powerless．
              D．The SSO software then automatically logs the user in to other accounts within the system．
              E．However，SSO confirmation and password management software also have drawbacks．
              F．This is a method of recognizing human users based on unique traits，such as fingerprints，voice，or DNA．
              G．Others solve this problem by using the same password for every account or using extremely simple passwords．
              难度：中等
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            • 7． 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填人空白处的最佳选项．选项中有两项为多余选项．
              Personal Shoppers
              　　I was shopping with Thomas，who has been working as a personal shopper for the past five years．“Personal shoppers are in great demand these days，”he told me as we were walking past designer clothes shops．（51）    He said that there were many people who wanted to be fashionable，but they didn’t know where to start．They needed a professional to advise them．
              　　But why？I always call my best friend to help me find the perfect dress，not a stranger!
              “（52）     The first thing I do is help my customer improve their image．I teach them to choose colours and clothes that suit them，and how to use make-up，”Thomas told me．“Then I organize the customer’s wardrobe．（53）    The third service has to do with actual shopping：the personal shopper and the customer visit shops and buy clothes according to the customer’s personality，lifestyle and needs．”
              　　Of course，each of the above services costs between 150 and 225 euros！（54）    “Most of my customers are rich business people who call me for important meetings or business parties，”explained Thomas．“However，I also work for people in all kinds of jobs and for retired men and women who want a change of look．”
              　　We spent the rest of the day shopping．Every time we came out of a shop，we had one more bag．In the end，I went home with a beautiful dress，two pairs of trousers，some lovely tops and a couple of coats．I’d never had a shopping day like this before!I admit that I’d spent more than I usually do，but I wouldn’t have found such beautiful clothes without Thomas．（55）    

              A．I can help in three different ways．
              B．I asked him why this had happened．
              C．It depends on the customer's preferences．
              D．I might even throw away some old clothes．
              E．I just wish personal shoppers were a bit cheaper!
              F．People need help with choosing the right clothes．
              G．I just wonder how many people have this kind of money to spend．
              难度：中等
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