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            • 1． We all need physical exercise． Exercise uses up food we eat and keeps the body energetic． It works your muscles and makes your heart work hard so as to send blood to your muscles． So， exercise makes your heart and muscles strong． Exercise also makes you feel refreshed． If you take regular exercises， you will stay happy and healthy．
              Some Western countries， such as the United States， have problems with exercise． In the US， many people lack exercise because it is hard for them． People have to work from dawn till dusk， so they don"t have time to take exercise． They work in office buildings sitting in chairs all day long in front of computers． They cannot get much exercise sitting at desk passively．
              Some Westerners can get exercise walking from their homes to work． However， the majority of people cannot do this． It is too far from their homes to their offices． They have no choice but to drive to work． In fact， some have to drive one or two hours to their offices． This is unfavorable in two ways． First， these people don"t have a chance to exercise because they are sitting in their cars for two to four hours each day． Second， driving is challenging especially in rush hours and calls for too much attention． It makes a person very tired． So， when these people arrive home at night， they don"t have the desire to take exercise after work．
              Today， many people in the West are overweight， which causes health problems for them． Doctors say exercise can help people both lose weight and improve their health． So many people are trying to get more exercise． But it takes time to change， and when people don"t see a difference right away， they will be discouraged and stop exercising．

              Title Westerners (1) Exercise
              The (2) that people can get from exercise ●Keep your body (3) ．
              ●Make you feel good．
              ●Help you stay healthy and happy if you exercise (4) ．
              ●Help you lose weight and get your health (5) ．
              One (6) for not getting enough exercise for some westerners Some people at work are too (7) to exercise．
              The difficulty those who drive to work have in exercising ●Some live too (8) away from their workplace so they have to drive to work．
              ●After driving back at night， they are too (9) so they don"t want to exercise．
              The wrong attitude to exercise some people have Some would (10) heart if they don"t see a difference within a short time．
              难度：中等
              解析 收藏 试题篮
            • 2． Empathy is our inherent ability to understand or feel what another person is experiencing from within the other person's frame of reference． It allows us to connect with others who seem different， making us more aware of the things we have in common． When we tune in to cmpathize with others， we are more likely to act with sympathy to help reduce their suffering． And， when we increase our caring for the environment， we are more likely to make choices that help preserve it for future generations．
                  Although empathy is a vital element of our nature， research suggests that empathy can be taught， and that contact with people who are different from us in a safe， empathic way is the first step toward reducing prejudice． This is where museums have a role to play． Museums are safe and informal learning platforms， uniquely equipped to encourage visitors to imagine， explore， and experience rich human heritage and the natural world firsthand． They have the capability to bring together arts， technology， sciences， and literature to show how all living things are linked to each other．
                  Museums inspire empathy in us in a number of ways． Through their social and educational mission （使命），museums can provide a safe space for experiencing our collective behavior， knowledge， complex histories， and values． By putting people in closeness to other people's experiences， their cultures and stories， museums can help us awaken to different realities and multiple perspectives （视角）that exist around us． Personal and diverse encounters （意外的相遇） with people from other cultures -and their ideas， stories， and artifacts -create opportunities for authentic dialogue with"the other"： someone who is different from us， but shares our world． Also museums often present the stories of people and places far away． Telling stories from the point of view of the people and cultures featured can also increase our sense of shared humanity， as we see how others face fears， biases， and challenges similar to our own． More importantly， museums encourage contemplation （沉思）of our world by providing a space where we can slow down and be with what is before us． Unlike many everyday settings where the goal is clear， people explore in museums on their own schedule， moving from exhibit to exhibit as they see fit， following their own internal guidelines． This naturally allows for a more reflective experience． Through this reflection， visitors can acquire a deeper  understanding  of the viewpoints of others and recognize their own connection to all of humanity and the planet．
              Museums and empathy
              Concept of empathy and （1） ______ it brings． ●Empathy refers to the ability to place oneself in another's （2） ______ ．
              ●It can make one（3） ______ with other's suffering and behave in a way （4） ______ to the environment．
              （5） ______ of museums ●Museums （6） ______ visitors to the rich human heritage and the natural world which can inspire their（7） ______ and arouse their curiosity about the unknown．
              ●Museums show how all living things are （8） ______ by combining arts，technology ，sciences，and literature．
              How museums
              increase
              empathy              		 ●Museums hold a mirror to society， through which visitors get（9） ______ to others'experiences， cultures and stories and then accept the differences around them．
              ●As a place of storytelling ，museums can help people break down prejudice and  increase their sense of shared humanity．
              ●Museums provide a safe space where visitors can take time to（ 10） ______ on  everything shown and understand others' viewpoints better．
              难度：难
              解析 收藏 试题篮
            • 3． Blood donation， also called blood banking， is a wonderful thing to do． It is an easy and direct way of contributing to social work and having a big effect on the community． It helps to save lives and helps those who are in need of blood due to bad condition or the heavy loss of blood during operations or in accidents．
              You are able to give or donate blood every three or four month， and it is such a beautiful way of making a huge difference to someone's life and you can always be proud of it after making a valuable contribution to society． Blood donation is not a big problem， but you need to keep a few points in mind．
              Before donating blood， make sure that the ferrum（铁）level in you body is high enough and for that you should take a healthy diet． Do not go for blood donation on an empty stomach． You should follow the correct process so that everything goes well． After having a balanced diet you will feel strong and comfortable to donate blood． Afterwards， you will not feel faint or weak．
              For required hemoglobin（血红蛋白）in your body， drink lots of juice and other drinks． Fruit juice， such as apple juice is very good for increasing the blood level in your body．
              For a good blood flow in your body， drink at least 6-7 glasses of water every day． Completely avoid， a day before and after giving blood， taking alcohol， caffeine， etc． Do not smoke half an hour before giving blood．
              When you are going for blood donation， be relaxed， which helps keep the right blood pressure． During the blood donation activity take a deep breath and try to calm yourself． Don't take part in some other activities．
              When you donate blood， you are making the effort to save someone's life． Blood donation is a very simple and fast process， but you need to take care of yourself after donating blood． Proper care helps to reduce side effects． The following are a few tips that will help you out．
              Take a rest for 15minutes after completion of the donation． It helps you to feel relaxed and energetic．
              Eat something and drink juice before leaving the blood donation center． Make sure that you have meals after donating blood． Smoking should be avoided for one hour after the process． Avoid some activities right away， for example， driving．
              Finally， be proud of yourself because you have done a great thing in helping to save someone's life． Blood donation is a very important activity．
              Title Blood donation- an important activity
              The （71） ______ of blood donation • Making （72） ______  to social work and the community．
              • Helping those people who suffer the （73） ______  of blood．
              • Giving yourself a sense of （74） ______ ．
              （75） ______  the donation • Take a healthy diet for a high ferrum level．
              • Drink fruit juice for enough hemoglobin．
              • Drink at least 6-7glasses of water （76） ______  for a good flow of blood．
              • Avoid taking alcohol， caffeine， etc． and smoking cigarettes．
              During the donation • Relax yourself and （77） ______  deeply．
              • Never （78） ______ yourself in other activities．
              After the donation • Take a rest．
              • Don't （79） ______  meals．
              • Don't smoke until one hour later．
              • Never take part in some activities （80） ______ ．
              难度：易
              解析 收藏 试题篮
            • 4． ______
              难度：易
              解析 收藏 试题篮
            • 5． The loss of handwriting in our high-tech world saddens me． People of all ages openly admit their handwriting as keyboards replace pen and paper． Increasingly， schoolchildren deal with assignments on computer and struggle to write， having had little practice． I am of the generation that learnt to write with a dip pen in kindergarten and a fountain pen in high school； by the time I reached university， like everyone else． I used a functional ballpoint． Handwriting has filled every aspect of my life since I was first taught to shape letters on the lined pages of my exercise books．
                  From the age of 12，I kept a handwritten journal， recording my thoughts and feelings regarding both the significant and mundane aspects of my life． Through this daily practice I connected with myself， explored experiences and found a way to interpret and make sense of my relationships． Although I rarely reread my written material， the process of writing has remained with me as a means of processing my feelings and filtering（过滤） my experiences．
                  Yet today， handwritten letters are as rare as a red panda． Few of us write any longer， even to those to whom we are close， We communicate difficultly when we e-mail or text， both methods characterized by speed and informality． The deep thinking which accompanied a handwritten letter is almost entirely absent． We may be communicating more frequently and with more people， but the depth and quality of our communication has reduced．
                  Sadly， modern technology tends to be temporary． Few of us keep old e-mails or even print them out， so a sense of history and memory is lost． Archivists（档案管理者）report that more information has been lost in the past decade than in the previous 150 years． It is too easy to press the delete button．
                  In many other areas of records， material is now in the digital format． Yet saving material in a digital format only is extremely unstable． How it will survive the future remains a problem．
                  In this digital world of text， e-mails and instant messaging， the perceived value of writing is no longer obvious and the case for retaining the practice of writing needs to be made． Should we save the bumble pen and paper when laptops and mobiles are functional， universal and unstoppable？ Should children continue to be taught to write with a pen and paper？
                  With its passing a good mode of self-expression is being lost． I invite readers to engage with handwriting and become aware of this special skill that has created civilization for centuries．

              Paragraph outline Detailed information
              The current （1） ______ of handwriting ▲Students （2） ______ to computers to complete their homework
              ▲With little practice， students have （3） ______  writing．
              ▲We seldom write letters even to people we are close to．
              The author's link with handwriting ▲The author（4） ______  himself to handwriting from kindergarten to university
              ▲The author kept （5） ______ of his thoughts and feelings by keeping writing journals．
              ▲The author also takes（6） ______ of writing to process his feeling and filtering his experiences．
              The（7） ______ with modern communication methods ▲There is an （8） ______ of depth and quality in e-mail and texts
              ▲The temporariness of modern technology tends to give （9） ______    to the loss of some history and memory
              ▲Saving materials only in a digital format is not very stable．
              ▲A style of self-expression is being lost．
              The author's （10） ______ to people for handwriting Write as much as possible and realize the importance of this special art
              难度：难
              解析 收藏 试题篮
            • 6． British towns and cities have rich experience in providing accommodation （膳宿） for students and there are many cheap ， comfortable and safe places to live．
                  You should always try to arrange your long-term accommodation before leaving home． Your school should be able to help you with it． When you are accepted by a school， you will usually receive a package of information including accommodation information． Complete the accommodation application form and return it before the deadline． If the school accommodation is not available ， the accommodation advisory（顾问的）office of your school can help you find private accommodation．
                  If you're coming to the UK for the first time， accommodation provided by your school might be the most suitable choice． This is a choice taken by more than half of the international students． There are plenty of advantages of living in accommodation provided by the school： you can live close to where you are studying； you will get to know other students easily； and most importantly， you will be living in a safer environment． This kind of accommodation is also affordable： a room in a self-catering（自己做饭的）student apartment usually costs from 180 to 360 pounds per month． To live in a place where meals are included you are expected to pay from 320 to 400 pounds per month．
                  If you choose to rent accommodation in private houses， the choices are lodging， private hostels （招待所）and bedsits（卧室兼起居室）． In a lodging， your landlord / landlady lives in the same house， possibly with his / her family， and prepares meals for you． For hostel accommodation and lodgings where meals are included， you can expect to pay from 300 to 400 pounds per month． For a bedsit， you would pay from 200 to 380 pounds per month．

              Accommodation in Britain
              Application Types of accommodation
              If you plan to study in Britain for a （1） ______ time， you should arrange your accommodation when you are still at home．
              Your school will （2） ______ you the application form for you to（3） ______ in． Remember that you had better return it by the （4） ______ date required．              		 School accommodation （8） ______ accommodation
              It's the （5） ______ choice for international students． They can enjoy many（6）
              ______ if living on campus．
              Besides， the cost of school accommodation is relatively （7） ______ ．              		 You can （9） ______  among ，lodgings， private hostels and bedsits． For the first choice， you have to （10） ______ a house with your landlord / landlady．
              难度：难
              解析 收藏 试题篮
            • 7． In a study just published in the journal Intelligence， using search terms such as "stupid thing to do"， Balazs Aczel and his colleagues compiled a collection of stories describing stupid mistakes from sources such as The Huffington Post and TMZ． The researchers then had a sample of university students rate each story on the responsibility of the people involved， the influence of the situation， the seriousness of the consequences， and other factors．
                  Analyses of the subjects' ratings revealed three varieties of stupid mistakes． The first is when a person's confidence goes beyond their skill， as when a Pittsburgh man robbed two banks in broad daylight without wearing a disguise， believing that lemon juice he had rubbed on his face would make him invisible to security cameras．
                  The confidence-skill disconnection has been named the Dunning-Kruger effect， after a study by social psychologists David Dunning and Justin Kruger． Dunning and Kruger had Cornell undergraduates perform tests of humor， logic， and grammar， and then rate how well they think they performed compared to other subjects in the study． The worst performing subjects， whose scores put them in the 12th percentile， estimated that they had performed in the 62nd percentile． Summarizing the findings， Dunning noted， "Poor performers-and we are all poor performers at some things-fail to see the flaws in their thinking or the answers they lack．" When we think we are at our best is sometimes when we are at our objective worst．
                  As any number of political scandals illustrate， the second type of stupid mistake involves impulsive acts-when we seem unable to keep our behavior in check． In the scandal that became known as Weinergate， former U．S． representative Anthony Weiner sent blue texts and pictures of himself to women he met on Facebook． （After resigning， Weiner continued his cyber-dalliances， and then fell prey to the Dunning-Kruger effect when he overestimated his support in the 2013 New York City mayoral primary； he received 5% of the vote．）
                 The final variety of stupid mistake involves failing to concentrate-Homer Simpsonesque D'oh moments． As arguably the best example from American sports history， in the 1929 Rose Bowl， University of California star Roy Riegels recovered a fumble （失误球） and returned it 65 yards the wrong way． Riegel's mistake set up a safety for Georgia Tech， which turned out to be the deciding factor in the opponent's victory． Aczel and colleagues' analyses revealed that subjects viewed this category of stupid mistake as the least stupid．
                  It is， of course， unrealistic to think that we could ever eliminate human error． To err （犯错） will always be human． However， this research gives us a better description of our failings and weaknesses， and a place to start in thinking about interventions and prescriptions to help us err less． This research also reminds us of our shared human weaknesses． We all tend to overestimate our abilities， to make impulsive decisions， and to fail to keep attention． This simple realization makes stupid mistakes seem， perhaps， a little less stupid - and a little more human．
              Title： Why you make breathtakingly stupid mistakes
              （1） ______ of the research ● Compiling stories about stupid mistakes from some sources．
              ● Rating the stories on the factors like responsibilities， influence， etc．
              ● （2） ______ how the subjects rate the stories．
              Types of stupid mistakes Confidence-skill disconnection ● It happens when confidence （3） ______  skill．
                Eg． A man（4） ______  lemon juice on his face robbed banks，thinking he would not be found out．
              ● The outcome may be just the （5） ______ when we overestimate our skills．
              Impulsive acts ● We cannot put our behavior under （6） ______
                Eg． Weiner disturbed women by sending blue texts and pictures， which put him at a disadvantage in mayoral primary．
              （7） ______ of attention ● Though viewed as the least stupid， it can be a deciding factor in many cases．
                Eg． Roy Riegel's running the wrong way with a fumble （8） ______  for Georgia Tech winning the game．
              Value of the research ● Providing us with a clear image of our failings and weaknesses．
              ● Helping us err less though we are （9） ______  to stay away from error．
              ● Enabling us to evaluate our abilities objectively， make rational decisions and always get
                （10） ______
              难度：中等
              解析 收藏 试题篮
            • 8． Things adults should learn from kids    Children can teach adults a lot． In other words， there are many things adults can learn from children． For example， kids tend to show love． Every action they do for parents， friends， pets， and people they like， is filled with love． They don't think twice before loving， and they just love． So adults can learn this： the best way to receive love is to first give it． Unfortunately， most of us have developed the habit of questioning everything． We often try too hard with love， and associate it with weakness． Actually， the only way to experience love is to have minimal expectations， and love your dear ones unconditionally．
                  Kids never hide emotions． They cry when they hurt themselves， and express displeasure when things don't go their way． On the contrary， we adults always try to hide our feelings， and never express ourselves sincerely． We often feel happy for others with negative thoughts in our hearts． Crying or expressing oneself is what normal people do． Never hold back tears or happiness． If you want to cry， cry your eyes out， and if you are happy or pleased about something， don't be afraid to show or share it．
                  Kids are curious little beings， who always try to understand their surroundings by completely involving themselves in every task they undertake． They have a huge appetite for knowledge， and ask lots of questions every day． This curious nature guides their life， and often leads them to simple yet brilliant discoveries． Are adults as curious as kids？ Well， most of us aren't． Also， they no longer have the thirst for knowledge， and don't even ask questions if they don't understand something． Adults often forget that it isn't talent or skill but our curiosity and a huge appetite for knowledge that makes us worthy．
                  Kids live in the present， and give 100% to any task they are doing． They never worry about the future， and since they are so busy enjoying their present， life is great today． However， with a job， money， and relationships， it does get hard for an adult to enjoy life． The best thing to do here is to change oneself， and if that isn't possible， we can live like a child． Just don't bother about the future， because it isn't in your control． The only thing you can control is your present， so work hard toward it．
                  As kids treat everyone equally， they make friends soon and also play a lot with them． Through playing， they make a lot of astonishing discoveries about their friends and surroundings． They also learn a lot about life， because they are out in the open and are playing with all their hearts． So how long has it been since you played outdoors for fun as an adult？ Not some serious sporting event or activity， just kicking a ball， running in the park， or any other silly game! Playing doesn't mean that you have to achieve a purpose． Sometimes， it is healthy to just have some fun．
              Paragraph outlines Main points
              Show love． • Adults should learn to give love first instead of （1） ______  love．
              • In order to experience love， adults should （2） ______  less and love others unconditionally．
              Never hide emotions． • Children aren't afraid to display their emotions while adults always
              • （3） ______  to express themselves sincerely．
              • It's normal to express oneself， so try to show or share your emotions， （4） ______  you are happy or sad．
              Be curious． • Kids are curious and are （5） ______  for knowledge， so they ask questions every day．
              • Most adults don't ask questions even if they feel （6） ______  about something．
              • Actually， our worth （7） ______  on our curiosity and desire for knowledge．
              Live in the present． • Kids live in the present happily， while adults have （8） ______  in enjoying life with many things to consider．
              • Change yourself， or enjoy your present without worrying about the future that can't be  （9） ______ ．
              Play more． • Children （10） ______  and learn a lot through playing．
              • Adults should also play outdoors for fun just like kids．
              难度：难
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            • 9． Extreme sports are becoming increasingly popular． In fact， activities such as mountain biking， snowboarding and skateboarding continue to attract larger numbers of people every year． At the same time， a decline has been noted， for years on end， in other outside activities that are considered to be more traditional， including basketball． This is most likely linked to several factors， ranging from the increased adrenaline（肾上腺素） all the way to the positive mental and physical health aspects of participating in an extreme sport．
              Extreme sports can push you to your physical and mental limits． Individuals who regularly perform feats（超群的技艺） such as going bungee jumping actually change the chemical makeup of their mind． When this happens， you become more capable of staying calm and centered in stressful situations． In other words， extreme sports can make the rest of your life easy to manage． Besides， those who participate in extreme sports are able to turn their fears into positive experiences． There probably aren"t too many people in the world who won"t feel fearful the first time they go bungee jumping． But seeing that you manage to do them will help you reduce your fear response．
              We all do certain movements during the day； however， you"ve probably felt sore after doing something that isn"t on your typical daily schedule． This is because you have asked your muscles to move in an unusual way when you are working out． Although this can cause soreness， it can also be good for your overall physical fitness． When you embrace an extreme sport， you will build up different muscles of your body， and this will be a positive thing for your health．
              Extreme sports task you with overcoming difficult physical challenges． If you can complete these challenges， your rewards will be much more than merely physical． Studies have found a strong link between extreme sports and a higher level of self-confidence． This makes sense when you consider the fact that accomplishing a task so physically daunting（使人畏缩的） is something that you should feel proud of． The self-confidence increase can have a positive impact on every aspect of your life， which makes extreme sports a good idea for everyone who is physically capable of meeting the great challenges．
              However， before you begin any extreme sport， ensure you"re physically and mentally capable of performing the necessary tasks． Once you"re ready to begin， you"ll be able to choose from a long list of adventurous sports that are certain to get your adrenaline flowing．
              Extreme sports
              Introduction Every year (1) a growing increase in extreme sports and a (2) decline in traditional outside activities．
              Reasons for enjoying (3) ●You"ll find inner (4) and focus on your task in a stressful situation．
              ●You will (5) respond to your fears after succeeding in doing extreme sports．
              ●You can (6) different muscles of your body and change your health for the (7) ．
              ●Overcoming physical challenges (8) you to gain self-confidence ， thus appealing to those who can (9) on challenges．
              Suggestion Make sure that you are well (10) physically and mentally for an extreme sport．
              难度：难
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