With the Chinese language growing in popularity, the UK government plans to invest(投资) 10 million pounds to help more kids learn Mandarin(普通话). Do you think it is necessary for the UK pupils to learn Mandarin? Some people share their opinions online.

Ted(UK): The learning of any language can be valuable and rewarding, but it is not suitable for everyone. Chinese is a difficult language to learn and the UK has a poor reputation for teaching foreign languages. Why should they learn Chinese when most people in the world speak English?

Mark(US): I studied French for 2 years in high school and German for 4 years in college. I studied Mandarin informally for about 4 months before moving to China. Now I speak Mandarin every day as my wife doesn’t speak English. But it is far from being fluent. Learning additional languages is a great thing, which offers a different perspective on the world around us. Nowadays, it’s almost necessary to be able to speak more than just your native tongue.

George (UK): No, unless they’re taught from a very early stage of childhood. Mandarin is so difficult. If China really is going to dominate the world, it’ll have to do so by speaking the world’s dominant language---English.

Sam (UK): I don’t think Chinese will become as widely spoken throughout the world as English. It is too difficult to learn as a second language. To learn Chinese you completely have to devote yourself to learning how to write and read it. If you have to learn it besides other subjects you can’t be good at it. But Chinese will become more popular, and that is a good thing.

We should show respect to everybody, especially our elders because they are ahead of us – in age, in wisdom and maturity, in experience and education. Our   (1)  have done a lot for us, directly or indirectly and most of us  (2)   everything to their kindness and love.

When we   (3)  them respect, whether it is by bowing to them, or  (4)  them with a smile, or offering them any help they need, it is one way of   (5)  our own love and gratitude to them.   (6)   , elders have also been through all the years you are  (7)   and know a little more about the world than you do.

It is  (8)   that you do not agree with the belief of your elders, but this is nothing new. All younger generations have always  (9)  with their elders and it is these differences that bring changes  in human  (10)  . However much you disagree with them, give them credit for their    (11)    .

With changing times and  (11)   influences, youngsters no longer know what is interpreted as disrespect to elders. Youngsters should   (12)   express their views and if there are arguments, they should not   (13)  their voices.

If there is no space on sofas or chairs, children will immediately  (14)   their places, and sit on the carpet. In buses and trains, youngsters are  (15)   to give up their places to older people. This is not a   (16)  of who has more rights. It is simply that those who are younger have the strength to bear   (17)   , or tolerate unpleasantness, so it is natural to show consideration to those who are older and perhaps at a   (18)  disadvantage.

When you do simple things as a mark of respect, elders become   (19)   that youngsters care for them, and they respond with affection and kindness.

请阅读下面短文，并按照要求用英语写一篇 150 词左右的文章。

Recently, the State Administration of Cultural Heritage (SACH) issued a guidance to open cultural heritage buildings to the public, encouraging local governments, cultural heritage departments and organizations using or managing such buildings to better bring these buildingsˈ cultural and social value into play, on the precondition of full protection. The SACH is clear that, no matter what their current conditions are, heritage buildings should be opened as much as possible.

In the past, due to insufficient preserving technologies and lack of funds, repairing work was seen as a major hassle, and thus opening the buildings to the public was difficult. Even famous heritage places like the Palace Museum in Beijing were plagued by such difficulties.

Today, China has dramatically increased its input into cultural heritage protection, and archaeological protection technologies are improving. The time is ripe for heritage buildings to be opened up.

【写作内容】

1.  用约 30 个单词写出上文概要；

2.  用约120个单词就“对公众开放文物建筑”这一话题，阐述你的看法，并用2~3个理由或论据支撑你的看法。

【写作要求】

1.写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句；

2.作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；

3.不必写标题。

Have you ever run into a careless cell phone user on the street？Perhaps they were busy talking，texting or checking updates on WeChat(微信) without looking at what was going on around them. As the number of this new “species” of human has kept rising. They have been given a new name－phubbers (低头族)．
    Recently，a cartoon created by students from China Central Academy of Fine Arts put this group of people under the spotlight. In the short film，phubbers with various social identities bury themselves in their phones. A doctor plays with his cell phone while letting his patient die，a pretty woman takes selfie（自拍）in front of a car accident site，and a father loses his child without knowing about it while using his mobile phone. A chain of similar events eventually leads to the destruction of the world.
    Although the ending sounds overstated the damage phubbing can bring is real.
    Your health is the first to bear the effect and result of it. “Constantly bending your head to  check your cell phone could damage your neck，” Guangming Daily quoted doctors as saying，“the neck is like a rope that breaks after long­-term stretching.” Also，staring at cell phones for long periods of time will damage your eyesight gradually，according to the report.
    But that’s not all. Being a phubber could also damage your social skills and drive you away from your friends and family. At reunions with family or friends，many people tend to stick to their cell phones while others are chatting happily with each other and this creates a strange atmosphere，Beijing Evening News reported.
    It can also cost you your life. There have been lots of reports on phubbers who fell to their death，suffered accidents，and were robbed of their cell phones in broad daylight.

It often appears that we have more to gain by speaking than by listening. One big advantage of speaking is that it gives you a chance to control others’ thoughts and actions. Whatever your goal is — to have a boss hire you, to  (1)  others to vote for the person of your  (2)  or to describe the   (3)  that you want your hair cut ... the key to success seems to be the  (4)  to speak well.

    Another    (5)  advantage of speaking is the chance it provides to  (6)  the admiration, respect, or liking of others. Tell jokes, and everyone will think you’re really a   (7)  man. Tell them all you know, and they’ll be   (8)   by your wisdom. But keep quiet, and it seems as if you are a   (9)  person.

    Finally, talking gives you the   (10)  to release (释放) energy in a way that listening can’t. When you’re  (11)  , the chance to talk about your problems can often help you feel better. In the same way, you can often  (12)  your anger by letting it out orally. It is also helpful to  (13)  your excitement with others by talking about it,    (14)   keeping it inside often leaves you feeling as if you might burst.

    While it is true that talking does have many advantages, it’s important to   (15)   that listening can do good to listeners, too. As you’ll soon read, being a good listener is one good way to  (16)  others with their problems; and what better way is there to have others   (17)   you? As for controlling others, it may be true that it’s hard to be persuasive while you’re listening, but your   (18)  to hear others out will often make them open to your ideas  (19)  . Listening is often reciprocal (互惠的). “You get what you   (20)  .”

   目前，越来越多的人使用共享单车（bike-sharing service）出行，请用英语写一篇稿件向校刊投稿。内容包括以下要点：

   1.共享单车带来的好处；（两点）

   2.使用共享单车中出现的不文明现象；（两个）

3.针对这种不文明现象提出你的建议。

注意：1.词数100左右；

     2.可以适当增加细节，使行文更加连贯；

     3.开头语已写好，不计入总词数。

   Nowadays, bike-sharing service is flourishing in China._________________________________

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When was the last time your family sat down together to have a dinner?

The speed at which we live today no longer allows for slow eating habits. Most people work long hours. There is lots of fast food and eating out is now on the increase. Often, food is eaten in front of the television in silence, or a child eats alone in front of the computer.

When I was a child, every evening around the same time, one of the children would be asked to set the table, and then weˈd go and wash our hands: before the meal. This was the time of day when we would talk about our day at school. But now things have changed a lot.

A family environment plays an important role for children in learning to communicate with others and understanding table manners, such as waiting for others to finish before leaving the table and not speaking with a mouth full of food. Parents’ likes and dislikes of a certain food will also influence a childˈs own likes and dislikes. Studies have shown that children who often eat with their families have better results at school than children who eat with their families less than twice a week.

Regular meal times give children the chance to discuss their problems with family members. They can also learn to respect others around the table. Talking to your children over dinner is the best way of having their trust. Children learn good eating habits from their parents at a very young age. Family meals are important. Prepare them for your children.

Bill Gates recently predicted that online learning will make place-based colleges less significant, and five years from now, students will be able to find the best lectures in the world online. I applaud Mr. Gates. But what’s taking us so long?

As early as 1997, MIT(麻省理工)decided to post videos of all university lectures online, for free, for all people. But today, how many students have you met who mastered advanced mathematics or nuclear physics from an MIT online video? Unfortunately, the answer is not many.

The problem is the poor quality of online education websites and the experience they provide to students. Those who go to the MIT website and watch courses online are surely very smart people, but it’s not like playing a video game such as World of Warcraft. Only the most ardent students, those who are highly motivated, will devote themselves to studying these boring online videos.

The real question is why we aren’t spending more to develop better online education platforms. Where is the “Avatar” of education? Think about this. The market forHollywoodfilms per year is worth around 30 billion USD. Education in the world is a trillion-dollar-a-year market, hundreds of times bigger thanHollywoodmovies. Yet the most expensive digital learning system ever built cost well under 100 million dollars.

Bill Gates’ prediction is going to happen. There is no doubt about it. But it will only happen when we create high-level educational content and experiences that engage and excite more than has ever been possible in the real world.

Should we allow modern buildings to be built next to older buildings in a historic area of a city? In order to answer this question, we must first examine whether people really want to preserve the historic feel of an area. Not all historical buildings are attractive. However, there may be other reasons— for example, economic reasons— why they should be preserved. So, let us assume that historical buildings are both attractive and important to the majority of people. What should we do then if a new building is needed?

In my view, new architectural styles can exist perfectly well alongside an older style. Indeed, there are many examples in my own hometown of Tours where modern designs have been placed very successfully next to old buildings. As long as the building in question is pleasing and does not dominate (影响) its surroundings too much, it often improves the attractiveness of the area.

It is true that there are examples of new buildings which have spoilt (破坏) the area they are in, but the same can be said of some old buildings too. Yet people still speak against new buildings in historic areas. I think this is simply because people are naturally conservative (保守的) and do not like change.

Although we have to respect people’s feelings as fellow users of the buildings, I believe that it is the duty of the architect and planner tomove things forward. If we always reproduced what was there before, we would all still be living in caves. Thus, I would argue against copying previous architectural styles and choose something fresh and different, even though that might be the more risky choice.

请阅读下列材料，并按要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章。

材料1：各国对迟到时间容忍度的情况调查（时间单位：分钟）

材料2：

There are few habits as annoying as someone making us wait. However, some punctually- challenged people have no intention of offending anyone. They still want to keep friends, family and bosses happy. They are often painfully aware and ashamed of the damage their lateness could do to their relationships, reputations, careers and finances.

Johnson, a doctor in New York, says his reputation for being unpunctual can sometimes be caused by a misunderstanding of opinion. “A friend will ask me to come over, and he’ll say ‘come anytime from seven.’ But if I do turn up at eight or later, he will be annoyed.”

Joanna, a teacher in London, for whom the most distressing (令人苦恼的) thing is writing school reports, never makes the deadline for herself. “I always spend weeks carefully considering everything about the reports,” she says, “just for fear that any error arises.”

【写作内容】

1. 用约30个单词为以上材料撰写概要。   

2. 用约120个单词发表你的观点，内容包括：

(1) 迟到带来的不良影响（至少两点）。

(2) 给Johnson和Joanna提出你的建议，至少两条。