While high school does not generally encourage students to explore new aspects of life, college sets the stage for that exploration. I myself went through this ____  (1)  ____ process and found something that has changed my ____  (2)  ____ at college for the better: I discovered ASL-American Sign Language(美式手语).

   I never felt an urge to ____  (3)  ____ any sign language before. My entire family is hearing, and so are all my friends. The ____  (4)  ____ language were enough in all my interactions(交往). Little did I know that I would discover my ____  (5)  ____ for ASL.

   The ____  (6)  ____ began during my first week at college. I watched as the ASL Club ____  (7)  ____ their translation of a song. Both the hand movements and the very ____  (8)  ____ of communicating without speaking ____  (9)  ____ me. What I saw was completely unlike anything I had experienced in the ____  (10)  ____. This newness just left me ____  (11)  ____ more.

   After that, feeling the need to ____  (12)  ____further, I decided to drop in on one of ASL club's meetings. I only learned how to ____  (13)  ____ the alphabet that day. Yet instead of being discouraged by my ____  (14)  ____ progress, I was excited. I then made it a point to ____  (15)  ____ those meetings and learn all I could.

   The following term, I ____  (16)  ____ an ASL class. The professor was deaf and any talking was ____  (17)  ____. I soon realized that the silence was not unpleasant. ____  (18)  ____, if there had been any talking, it would have ____  (19)  ____ us to learn less. Now, I appreciate the silence and the ____  (20)  ____ way of communication it opens.

In the 1960s，Douglas McGregor，one of the key thinkers in the art of management，developed the mow famous Theory X and Theory Y．Theory X is the idea that people instinctively (1)work and will do anything to avoid it．Theory Y is the view that everyone has the potential to find satisfaction in work．

In any case，despite so much evidence to the (2)，many managers still agree to Theory X．They believe，(3)，that their employees need constant supervision if they are to work effectively，or that decisions must be imposed from (4)without consultation．This，of course，makes for authoritarian（专制的）managers．

Different cultures have different ways of (5)people．Unlike authoritarian management，some cultures，particularly in Asia，are well known for the consultative nature of decision﹣making﹣all members of the department or work group are asked to (6) to this process．This is management by the collective opinion．Many western companies have tried to imitate such Asian ways of doing things，which are based on general (7)．Some experts say that women will become more effective managers than men because they have the power to reach common goals in a way that traditional(8) managers cannot．

A recent trend has been to encourage employees to use their own initiative，to make decisions on their own without(9) managers first．This empowerment（授权）has been part of the trend towards downsizing：(10)the number of management layers in companies．After de﹣layering in this way，a company may be (11) with just a top level of senior managers，front﹣line managers and employees with direct contact with the public．Empowerment takes the idea of delegation（委托）much further than has (12) been the case．Empowerment and delegation mean new forms of management control to (13) that the overall business plan is being followed，and that operations become more profitable under the new organization，rather than less．

Another trend is off﹣site or (14) management，where teams of people linked by e﹣mail and the Internet work on projects from their own houses．Project managers evaluate the (15) of the team members in terms of what they produce for projects，rather than the amount of time they spend on them．

Lainey finished third grade．She had good grades and could read (1) grade level，but she did not like to read．On a family car trip，her Aunt Dede pulled out a copy of Harry Potter，as a surprise for her (2)．But Lainey took one look at it， (3) her eyes，and said，“Boring!”

Aunt Dede，a teacher，had read the book to her students，and they loved it．(4) the youngest children in the class were (5) by the story．They (6) with great interest and then (7)  joined in grand conversations about Harry′s adventures．

“How can you say it′s  (8)？Have you read it？”asked Aunt Dede．

“No，it′s too long and it doesn′t have any (9)．”complained Lainey．

“Oh，that′s where you are (10)；there are lots of pictures．Every page is full of pictures； you just have to read the words to (11) them．It′s like magic．”

“Nice try，Aunt Dede，”Lainey replied (12) from the back seat．

Another (13) was in order．“Well，if you don’t want to read it，give it (14)．Maybe your mom would (15) hearing the story．”The book sailed through the air to Aunt Dede and she began to read it aloud．By the end of the first chapter，(16) were coming from the back seat：“Please read a little  (17)．”

Lainey is an example of an (18) reader．As shown here，Lainey can become (19) about reading when (20) with literature on topics that interest her，and when the people around her model involvement in the reading process．

Hundreds of people have formed impressions of you through that little device（装置）on your desk．And they’ve never actually 　(1)　you．Everything they know about you 　(2)　through this device，sometimes from hundreds of miles away． 　(3)　hey feel they can know you 　(4)　from the sound of your voice．That’s how powerful the 　(5)　is Powerful，yes，but not always 　(6)　．For years I dealt with my travel agent only by phone．Rani，my faceless agent whom I’d never met 　(7)　，got me rock﹣bottom prices on airfares，cars，and hotels．But her cold voice really 　(8)　me．I sometimes wished to 　(9)　another agent．

One morning，I had to　(10)　an immediate flight home for a family emergency．I ran into Rani’s office 　(11)　．The woman sitting at the desk，　(12)　my madness，sympathetically jumped up．She gave me a 　(13)　smile，nodded while listening patiently，and then printed out the 　(14)　immediately．“What a wonderful lady!” I thought．

Rushing out 　(15)　I called out over my shoulder，“By the way，what’s your name？”“I’m Rani，”she said．I turned around and saw a 　(16)　woman with a big smile on her face waving to wish me a safe trip．I was 　(17)　! Why had I thought she was cold？Rani was，well，so　(18)　．

Sitting back in the car on the way to the airport，I figured it all out．Rani’s 　(19)　﹣her warm smile，her nods，her ‘I’m here for you’ 　(20)　﹣were all silent signals that didn’t travel through wires.