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1.
Some people think that success is only for those with talent or those who grow up in the right family,and others believe that success mostly comes down to luck.I'm not going to say luck,talent,and circumstances don't come into play because they do.Some people are born into the right family while others are born with great intelligence,and that's just the reality of how life is.
However,to succeed in life,one first needs to set a goal and then gradually make it more practical.And,in addition to that,in order to get really good at something,one needs to spend at least 10,000hours studying and practicing.To become great at certain things,it'll require even more time,time that most people won't put in.
This is a big reason why many successful people advise you to do something you love.If you don't enjoy what you do,it is going to feel like unbearable pain and will likely make you quit well before you ever become good at it.
When you see people exhibiting some great skills or having achieved great success,you know that they have put in a huge part of their life to get there at a huge cost.It's sometimes easy to think they got lucky or they were born with some rare talent,but thinking that way does you no good,and there's a huge chance that you're wrong anyway.
Whatever you do,if you want to become great at it,you need to work day in and day out,almost to the point of addiction,and over a long period of time.If you're not willing to put in the time and work,don't expect to receive any rewards.Consistent hard work won't ensure you the level of success you may want,but it will ensure that you will become really good at whatever it is you put all that work into.
24.Paragraph 1mainly talks about
.
A.the meaning of success B.the reasons for success
C.the standards of successD.the importance of success
25.In Paragraph 2,the underlined word"that"refers to
.
A.setting a practical goal B.being good at something
C.putting in more time D.succeeding in life
26.Successful people suggest doing what one loves because
.
A.it takes a lot of time to succeed B.work makes one feel pain
C.one gives up his work easily D.one tends to enjoy his work
27.What can we infer from Paragraph 4?
A.Successful people like to show their great skills.
B.People sometimes succeed without luck or talent.
C.People need to achieve success at the cost of life.
D.It helps to think that luck or talent leads to success.
难度:中等
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2.
Perfectly Imperfect
I'm not cute or pretty or the girl any guy in their right mind would want.I'm ugly-there,I said it.Once,I found out that a girl I had considered to be my friend called me ugly behind my back.As much as I hate to admit it,it hurt,because she always pretended like we were good friends.
Just last week,a customer in the grocery store mistook me for a 20-year-old worker.But I'm only twelve!But I guess with my height and pimply(多粉刺的)face,it's not really their fault.Last night,my sister told me,"Robin,your face is so pimply and ugly I can die just looking at you,"and for the first time,I broke down in front of her.Although I knew she didn't mean it,the words were too much.I think no Prince Charming will ever come into my life on a white horse and put my life right,because I'm ugly.
So this morning,I went to see my cousin,sister Lyra,in hospital.We used to be really close but Lyra had cancer and her doctors said she wouldn't survive for long.I sat down next to her bed and told her about what was going on in my life.I expected her sympathy(同情),wishing her to say"It'll get better."But instead,she said."I'm jealous(羡慕) of you,Robin."I was totally confused.Then she told me,"I would give anything to stay with my family longer,to fully realize all of my dreams,but I can't.I mean,who cares about looks?What the hell,if we weren't different,we'd be like clones(克隆)!Looks don't get you much.I mean,look at my boyfriend,Jake.He broke up with me right after I told him about my disease…"
Tears flooded Lyra's eyes and I hugged her,feeling my own tears pouring down my face."As much as I wanted Jake to forget me,"she continued,"a part of me wanted him to be there with me when I leave so I wouldn't be afraid.I thought he would stay,but he chose to leave."
My cousin took my hands in hers,"One day,you'll meet the perfect guy who'll treat you for who you are and understand you and love you.One day we all do,if we keep going.I will never have enough time to meet that guy.But Robin,you do."
The same night,Lyra passed away.It broke my heart,seeing my only friend in the whole world leave like that.But even as the last beats in the heart monitor trailed off (变弱,停止),I knew Lyra had changed my life forever.She had made me realize something important:that each and every one of us is a Cinderella(灰姑娘),and we mustn't let our evil stepsisters get in between us and our destiny( 命运,定数).
46.According to the passage,which of the following events did NOT upset Robin?
A.A customer mistook her for a 20-year-old worker.
B.A friend hurt her by calling her ugly behind her back.
C.Her sister called her ugly saying something really cruel.
D.Her cousin showed no sympathy to what she was going through.
47.What was the purpose of Lyra's words?
A.To show Robin how jealous she was.
B.To encourage Robin to be who she is.
C.To express her willingness to stay longer.
D.To express her love towards her boyfriend.
48.What kind of life wisdom did Robin get from Lyra's story?
A.Life is short.Don't waste your time hesitating.
B.We each have our destiny.Don't let anyone ruin it.
C.Don't hate those who let you down.Be grateful to them.
D.Life should be going on even if there is no Prince Charming.
难度:中等
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3.
The thing about the Internet of Things(物联网),which describes the near future in which all our devices and appliances are connected to the Internet---and one another---is that suddenly they're vulnerable(脆弱的,易受伤害的) to the dark side of constant connectivity,too.Cyber security folks point out it"opens a Pandora's Box of security and privacy risks that cannot be ignored,"writes Christophe Fabre,CEO of software services vendor(供应商) Axway.
The security firm Proofpoint Inc.reports it has uncovered one of the first Internet of Things cyber attacks.Included in the attack were Smart TVs,wireless speakers and at least one refrigerator.It turns out refrigerators can send out emails,so just as your email can be hacked,your fridge can,too.
"People should be concerned because unlike PCs and laptops where there are tools and user interfaces (用户界面)where you can tell if something is wrong,there's not a lot to help you tell if your fridge or home audio system has been
compromised
,"says David Knight.
Here's how the company says it worked Hackers commandeered(强占) home routers and the like and used them to send out malicious(恶意的) emails to grow their botnet (僵尸网络),or army of infected devices.Botnets-and now,"ThingBots"-can be used by hackers to perform large-scale cyber attacks against websites by drowning them with traffic.
So as consumers are beginning to buy Internet-connected appliances,Knight says they should consider the security of those devices,too.And that companies haven't done enough to protect appliances from hacks.
"Many of these devices,without picking on manufacturers,are running old software with known vulnerabilities.They've got very insecure default passwords like〔username〕admin〔password〕admin,"Knight says.The net effect for consumers,he says-other than degraded machine performance because of compromised software-is that their machines will be busy sending malicious messages"instead of playing music or doing whatever they're supposed to be doing,"he says."They also might cease to function or not be reachable for their intended purpose."
When a fridge was hacked,the firm said it didn't peek."We chose not to pry into the privacy of this person's refrigerator,"Knight says.
59.What Fabre said in para.1suggests that
.
A.it is dangerous for all devices to be connected constantly.
B.constant connectivity may cause devices to break down.
C.a security box is needed for all appliances and devices.
D.people ignore the risks of connecting the Internet.
60.What does the underlined word"compromised"mean?
A.Exposed.B.Damaged.C.Updated.D.Connected.
61.Why do some people hack the refrigerator?
A.To destroy the function of the refrigerator.
B.To pry into the privacy of the owner.
C.To send a lot of messages to drown websites.
D.To know the contents of the refrigerator.
62.According to the text,a hacked smart TV
.
A.won't be able to be turned off all the time
B.will spread harmful messages among viewers
C.will be busy providing people with junk ads
D.will fail to broadcast programmes as usual.
难度:中等
解析
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4.
It is very common that many students complain they lack concentration.For example,"I can't concentrate.""My mind wanders when I try to study."
We all have the ability to concentrate.Think of the times when you were attracted to a super novel or the times when you were playing your guitar or piano.But at other times your mind races from one thing to another.Here are some tips.
Rest from time to time.Remember to take short breaks.Lectures are usually 50minutes long,and that's about the length of time most people can direct their attention to one task.But that's just an average.Your concentration time might be shorter (20-35minutes) or longer (perhaps 90minutes).When you take a break,you get more oxygen to your brain!When we sit for long periods,blood tends to be pooled in our lower body and legs.Get up and walk around the room for a couple of minutes.As a result,more oxygen is carried to the brain and you can concentrate better.
If you study one subject for a long time,you may find it hard to concentrate.Many students improve their concentration by changing one subject to another every one to two hours.In this way you can pay more attention to something that's different.
Reward yourself.Give yourself a reward when you've completed a task.The task might be small,such as staying with a difficult paper until you've finished.But giving yourself a reward can help you be more interested in doing other tasks.
Increase your activity level.Your concentration wanders more easily if you just read an article straight through.Instead,take the heading for each part and turn it into a question.For this part,that would be,"How can I increase my activity level while studying?"Then study that part to answer that question.Do this routinely.The questions give us a focus for each part and increase our involvement(参与).
60.According to Paragraph 3,what's the purpose of walking around?
A.To help us stay fit.
B.To provide the brain with more oxygen
C.To benefit our lower body.
D.To increase our concentration time to 90minutes.
61.What's the best title for Paragraph 4?
A.Study for one hour each time.
B.Do something difficult.
C.Change subjects.
D.Study in different ways.
62.In the last paragraph,the writer suggests that
.
A.we just read the heading of some articles
B.we do our best to read an article straight through
C.we ask other people questions about the article we are reading
D.we ask ourselves questions about what we are reading
63.The writer wrote the passage to
.
A.encourage us to try to concentrate
B.give us the reasons for a lack of concentration
C.teach us how to concentrate while studying
D.list the benefits we can get from concentration.
难度:中等
解析
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5.
Almost everyone is afraid of something---snakes,heights,public speaking and so on.
It is normal and can even be helpful to experience fear sometimes.In dangerous situations,fear can keep our bodies alert (警醒的) so that we can act quickly to protect ourselves.
But for some people,fear develops into a"phobia",which is a strong and unreasonable fear of something.For example,the majority of us feel a little scared when looking down from a tall building.But people with height phobia may have trouble breathing,feel dizzy or turn down a great job just because the company is on the 20th floor.
Phobias can prevent you from living a normal life."People with spider phobia would stay out of their home or dormitory room for days if they thought a spider was present,"Katherina Hauner,a researcher at Northwestern University,US,told ABC news.This is why scientists have been trying to find a cure for this disease.
Since fear comes from experience---from what we are told,what we see others experience and what happens to us---some scientists think if they can"rewrite"these unpleasant memories,they might be able to help people overcome their phobias.
In a study by Hauner and other scientists,participants with spider phobia were asked to first touch a spider with a paintbrush.Seeing that it was not actually dangerous,they then tried touching it while wearing a glove.Finally,they could hold it with their hands.
Certain medicine has also been found to be helpful.Back in 2010,researchers at the University of Hiroshima,Japan,injected (注射) a special medicine into a fish---who was afraid of light---to turn off the fear center in its brain.From then on,the fish no longer feared light.
While the search for solutions to phobias is making great progress,it's an open question whether getting rid of fear is good.Some people want to use these methods to make soldiers fight harder in wars by taking away their sense of fear.Dave Smithson of the charity Anxiety UK thinks that's a bad idea."It's fear that prevents us from doing crazy things,"he says."There's a name for people who don't have fear of consequences:psychopaths (精神变态者).
63.The main point of the article is to
.
A.show us what kind of role fear plays in our lives
B.discuss if it is good to try to get rid of fear
C.inform us of fear and phobia
D.discuss scientific studies related to fear
64.How does the writer make the meaning of"phobia"clear?
A.By making comparisons
B.By giving examples
C.By giving data in numbers
D.By giving descriptions
65.Which of the following shows the progress scientists have made in finding solutions to phobia?
A.New medicine can shut off fear centers in animal brains whenever needed
B.They can use phobias to keep our bodies alert so that we can protect ourselves
C.They can now reduce the pain which is connected with phobia
D.They have succeeded in helping some people ignore memories related to phobia
66.Which of the following would Dave Smithson probably agree with?
A.There is nothing to fear except fear itself
B.We should not let fear affect our decisions
C.Feat is not a completely bad ting
D.Without fear,everyone would be brave.
难度:中等
解析
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6.
It's a fact that we all dream.Some dreams seem to last for hours,others only for seconds.Some of us have strange dreams,some have interesting dreams,and some of us have unpleasant dreams.Tests in the 1980s showed that these dreams occur within 90-minute cycles,each cycle made up of six stages.In the last stage people experience rapid eye movement,known as REM,and it is in this stage that dreaming takes place.Eighty percent of people who were woken during this sixth stage could easily remember their dreams.On the other hand,when during the first five stages (NREM),only seven percent could describe a dream.
However,of these same people woken during thO6e first five stages,74% were able to remember thinking activity,although they would not call it a dream.NerysDee,who has written about dreams in a book called"Your Dreams and What They Mean"says:"Perhaps during NREM sleep we are sorting out our outer mundane problems,but in REM sleep we are dealing with inside matters."She also makes the following statement about 90-minute cycle:It may also prove the reason why insomniacs who wake in the middle of the night find it impossible to get to sleep again for at least an hour and a half.In other words,until they have missed out one complete 90-minute sleep period.
60.Which of the following statements about dreams is TRUE?
A.Everyone dreams but very few can recall what they dream.
B.People can only remember unpleasant dreams.
C.Some people have long dreams and others have very short ones.
D.More than eighty percent of people can remember their dreams.
61.According to the tests in the 1980s,dreaming takes place
.
A.between each 90-minute cycle
B.at any time during 90-minute cycles
C.during the first five stages of 90-minute cycles
D.in the last stage of 90-minute cycles
62.People woken during REM sleep can
A.easily remember their dreams B.hardly remember their dreams
C.only remember their dreams D.partly remember their thinking activity
63."Insomniacs"are persons who
A.can always remember their dreams
B.experience rapid eye movement
C.have trouble getting into sleep at night
D.usually wake after each 90-minute sleep period.
难度:中等
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7.
Culture shock is so named because of the effect it has on people when they enter a new culture.Experts have been interested in these effects and have agreed on five basic stages of culture shock.These stages are general and should only be used as a reference.Not every individual will go through each stage,and one stage may last longer than another for different individuals.
The hardest thing for most travelers to deal with is the emotional"roller coaster"they seem to be riding.One moment they feel very positive toward the new culture,and the next moment very negative.It seems common that international visitors and immigrants vacillate(犹豫不定)between loving and hating a new country.Feelings of separation and alienation can be intensified if they do not have a sense of fitting in or belonging.
Fatigue is another problem people face when entering a new culture.There can be a sense of greater need for sleep.This is due not only to physical tiredness,but also to mental fatigue.This mental fatigue comes from straining to comprehend the language,and coping with new situation.
The impact of culture shock can vary from person to person.There can be significant differences because some people may be better prepared to enter a new culture.Four factors which play into these are personality,language ability,length of stay,and the emotional support received.
It is logical to think that when people are deprived of heir familiar surroundings they will feel disoriented.One solution some have found is to bring a few small reminders of home.Pictures,wall hangings,favorite utensils,and keepsake are all good candidates to make things feel more familiar.Another helpful activity is to establish little routines that become familiar over time.Even better is fitting things that were part of the regular routine back in the home country into the routine established in the new culture.This will make people feel more at home.
(Note:Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)
81.According to the 1st paragraph,what have experts been interested in?
82.What are the two problems people face when entering a new culture?
83.Coping with new situations may result in
.
84.The author thinks the more effective way to solve"cultural shock"is
.
难度:中等
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8.
Do you sometimes put off doing your homework on a school night to watch TV?A new study says that middle school students who watch TV or play video games during the week do worse in school.
The study also says that watching TV and playing video games on weekends don't affect school performance that much.
"On weekdays,the more they watched,the worse they did,"said Dr.Iman Sharif of Children's Hospital at Montefiore in New York.Sharif co-authored the study."They could watch a lot on weekends and it didn't seem to connect with doing worse in school."
The study appears in October issue of Pediatrics.Researchers drew their conclusions after surveying 4,500students in New Hampshire and Vermont middle schools.
To reach their findings,researchers didn't look at grades or test scores.Instead,they asked students to rate(评价) their own performance on a scale ranging from"excellent"to"below average".
Other studies have found a connection between kids'ability to learn and the amount of TV they watch.One study even found that kids with televisions in their bedrooms scored about eight points lower on math and language arts tests than kids without.
What should a kid do?The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends(推荐)that kids watch TV no more than two hours and that televisions be kept out of children's rooms.Weekend viewing should be kept to four hours at most each day.
55.The passage mainly talks about the relationships between
.
A.TV watching and students'character training
B.TV watching and students'school performance
C.students'communicating skills and TV watching
D.kids'mental development and TV watching
56.What can be concluded from the passage?
A.Kids can watch TV as long as they wish on the weekends.
B.Kids can watch TV for a long time on the weekends than on weekdays
C.Kids should not be allowed to watch TV on the weekends.
D.Kids can watch TV in the weekends in their rooms.
57.The purpose of keeping televisions out of children's room is to
.
A.protect the TV sets from being broken by kids
B.prevent the kids from playing video games on TV
C.provide the kids with the quietness they need to study
D.limit the time of TV the kids watch
58.Who is likely to have excellent school performance according to the passage?
A.A student putting off doing homework on a school night to watch TV.
B.A student who watches TV 4hours a day
C.A kid who has TV set in his own room
D.None of the above.
难度:中等
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9.
A.There are few statues in the Middle East.
B.Art is a good means for people to know about religions.
C.Artists express their feelings and opinions in their works.
D.People know more about our culture through learning art history.
E.Art is more objective than history itself.
F.Art history provides information of different places and people.
80.A study of art history might be a good way to learn more about a culture than is possible to learn in general history classes.Most typical history courses concentrate on politics,economics and war.But art history focuses on much more than this because art reflects not only the political values of a people,but also religious beliefs,emotions,and psychology.
81.In addition,information about the daily activities of our ancestors-or of people very different from our own-can be provided by art.In short,art expresses the essential qualities of a time and a place,and a study of it clearly offers us a deeper understanding than can be found in most history books.
82.In history books,objective information about the political life of a country is presented; that is,facts about politics are given,but opinions are not expressed.Art,on the other hand,is subjective:it reflects emotions and opinions.The great Spanish painter Francisco Goya was perhaps the first truly"political"artist.In his well-known painting The Third of May 1808,he criticized the Spanish government for its misuse of power over people.Over a hundred years later,symbolic images were used in Pablo Picasso's Guernica to express the horror of war.Meanwhile,on another continent,the powerful paintings of Diego Rivera,Jose Clemente Orozco,and David Alfaro Siqueiros-as well as the works of Alfredo Ramos Martins-depicted these Mexican artists'deep anger and sadness about social problems.
83.In the same way,art can reflect a culture's religious beliefs.For hundreds of years in Europe,religious art was almost the only type of art that existed.Churches and other religious buildings were filled with paintings that depicted people and stories from the Bible.Although most people couldn't read,they could still understand biblical stories in the pictures on church walls.
84.By contrast,one of the main characteristics of art in the Middle East was (and still is) its absence of human and animal images.This reflects the Islamic belief that status are unholy.
.
难度:中等
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10.
The meaning of silence varies among cultural groups.Silences may be thoughtful,or they may be empty when a person has nothing to say.A silence in a conversation may also show stubbornness,uneasiness,or worry.Silence may be viewed by some cultural groups as extremely uncomfortable; therefore attempts may be made to fill every gap(间隙)with conversation.Persons in other cultural groups value silence and view it as necessary for understanding a person's needs.
Many Native Americans value silence and feel it is a basic part of communicating among people,just as some traditional Chinese and Thai persons do.Therefore,when a person from one of these cultures is speaking and suddenly stops,what may be implied(暗示) is that the person wants the listener to consider what has been said before continuing.In these cultures,silence is a call for reflection.
Other cultures may use silence in other ways,particularly when dealing with conflicts among people or in relationships of people with different amounts of power.For example,Russian,French,and Spanish persons may use silence to show agreement between parties about the topic under discussion.However,Mexicans may use silence when instructions are given by a person in authority rather than be rude to that person by arguing with him or her.In still another use,persons in Asian cultures may view silence as a sign of respect,particularly to an elder or a person in authority.
Nurses and other care-geivers need to be aware of the possible meanings of silence when they come across the personal anxiety their patients may be expericencing.Nurses should recognize their own personal and cultural construction of silence so that a patient’s silence is not interrupted too early or allowed to go on unnecessarily.A nurse who understands the healing(治愈) value of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients from their own and from other cultures.
32.What does the author say about silence in conversations?
A.It implies anger.
B.It promotes friendship.
C.It is culture-specific.
D.It is content-based.
33.Which of the following people might regard silence as a call for careful thought?
A.The Chinese.
B.The French.
C.The Mexicans.
D.The Russians.
34.What does the author advise nurses to do about silence?
A.Let it continue as the patient pleases.
B.Break it while treating patients.
C.Evaluate its harm to patients.
D.Make use of its healing effects.
35.What may be the best title for the text?
A.Sound and Silence
B.What It Means to Be Silent
C.Silence to Native Americans
D.Speech Is Silver; Silence Is Gold.
难度:中等
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