With nature documentaries(纪录片), viewers are able to experience the natural world in exciting and special ways, including panoramic(全景的) aerial(空中的) photography that gives a unique view of the earth below. Aerial photographers require skills and courage in order to capture intriguing(迷人的) photos of wildlife that will enhance people’s appreciation of the natural world and possibly advance scientific knowledge of animal behavior.

Aerial photography is a accomplished using hot air balloons, small fixed-wing aircraft or helicopters. When photographing from a plane or helicopter, the passenger side door is removed so the photographer can lean out(探身出去) to capture the unique views. Of course, the photographer is secured into the aircraft with appropriate safety gear(装置).

The job of an aerial photographer isn’t all glamour(魅力) and excitement. Remember that the air temperature decreases with altitude so an aerial photographer is often dressed in insulated(隔热的) clothing and possibly even a face mask while being exposed(暴露) to the wind created by the moving aircraft.

Aerial photographers are frequently grounded by fierce weather and must wait out the weather before flying again but the aftermath of storms can be an opportunity for unusual photographs. The thrill of the hunt is a motivator for a dedicated nature photographer.National Geographic aerial photographer Robert Haas started, “ Chasing our dream is the thing that shows we appreciate the privilege of being alive.”

    Self-driving vehicles will rely on cameras, sensors and artificial intelligence (AI) to recognize and respond to road and traffic conditions, but sensing is the most effective for objects and movement in the neighborhood of the vehicle. Not everything important in a carˈs environment will be caught by the vehicleˈs camera. Another vehicle approaching at high speed on a collision (碰撞) track might not be visible until itˈs too late. This is why vehicle-to-vehicle communication is undergoing rapid development. Our research shows that cars will need to be able to chat and cooperate on the road, although the technical challenges are considerable.

    Applications for vehicle-to-vehicle communication range from vehicles driving together in a row, to safety messages about nearby emergency vehicles. Vehicles could alert each other to avoid collisions or share notices about passers-by and bicycles. From as far as several hundred metres away, vehicles could exchange messages with one another or receive information from roadside units (RSUs) about nearby incidents or dangerous road conditions through 4G network A high level of AI seems required for such vehicles, not only to self-drive from A to B, but also to react intelligently to messages received. Vehicles will need to plan, reason, strategize and adapt in the light of information received in real time and to carry out cooperative behaviors. For example, a group of autonomous vehicles might avoid a route together because of potential risks, or a vehicle could decide to drop someone off earlier due to messages received, a foreseen crowding ahead.

    Further applications of vehicle-to-vehicle communication are still being researched, including how to perform cooperative behavior.

What will man be like in the future — in 5,000 or even 50,000 years from now？We can only make guesses, of course, but we can be sure that he will be different from what he is today, for man is slowly changing all the time.

Let us take an obvious example. Man, even five hundred years ago, was shorter than he is today. Now, on average, men are about three inches taller. Five hundred years is relatively a short period of time, so we may assume that man will continue to grow taller. Again, in the modern world we use our brains a great deal. Even so, we still make use of only about 20% of the brainˈs capacity. As time goes on, however, we shall have to use our brains more and more, and eventually we shall need larger ones！This is likely to bring about a physical change to the head, in particular, the forehead will grow larger.

Nowadays our eyes are in constant use. In fact, we use them so much that very often they become weaker and we have to wear glasses. But over a very long period of time it is likely that manˈs eyes will grow stronger.

On the other hand, we tend to make less use of our arms and legs. These, as a result, are likely to grow weaker. At the same time, however, our fingers will grow more sensitive because they are used a great deal in modern life.

But what about hair？This will probably disappear from the body altogether in course of time because it does not serve a useful purpose any longer. In the future, then，both sexes are likely to be bald.

Perhaps all this gives the impression that future man will not be a very attractive creature to look at！This may well be true. All the same, in spite of all these changes, future man will still have a lot in common with us. He will still be a human being, with thoughts and emotions similar to our own.

As we go through life. we have relationships that don't work out, jobs that just aren't right, exams that we fail. The more new things we try, the more failures we are   (1)   to have.    (2)   ，the only way to  (3)   ailure is to do nothing new.

The important thing is how we deal with    (4)   .A good way to begin this    (5)  is by asking yourself some questions.

What can I learn from this?

Take  (6)  or what went wrong. OK, so it was not all your fault -    (7)  some of it was.

Successful people don't make    (8)    0r blame others. They make a list of the key things that  (9)  ．Analyze the list step-by-step and look for the learning points.

What could I have done differently?

What choices did you make? How could you have   (10)  it differently? With the benefit of hindsight(事后聪明)，what different steps would you have taken?

Do I need to acquire or improve some skills?

Did the problem  (11)   some lack of skill on your part? How could you learn or improve those skills? Perhaps there are books or courses or people you could   (12)   .Make a self-development     (13)  to acquire the skills and experiences you need.    (14)  ．Who can I learn from?

Is there someone to whom you can turn to  (15)   advice? Did a boss, colleague or a friend see what happened? If they are constructive and   (16)   then ask them for some guidance. Most people do not ask for 56. because they believe it to be a   (17)  0f weakness.

If you read the life stories of  (18)  people, you will find that their early careers are accompanied by failures. The important point is to use your  (19)  as learning experiences and make them stepping stones to future success. There are always positives you can take from every moment in your life. Asking yourself these   (20)  questions can help find them.

More and more people are taking their iPads to bed with them to surf the web, check facebook or send e-mails before switching off the light. But researchers are warning that the blue light their screens give off can stop users getting a good night’s sleep. That is because this type of light is similar to daylight, convincing the brain that it is still daytime. Blue light prevents the production of a brain chemical called melatonin, which helps us fall asleep. By contrast, light which is more orange or red does not prevent melatonin production, perhaps because our brains recognize it as a cue that the day ends.

       Scientists have known for years that staring at screens late in the evening can affect sleep ---- they are television screens, computer screens or mobile phone screens. However, because mobiles and iPads are by nature portable ---- not to say addictive ---- more people are taking them into the bedroom. Users also tend to hold them much closer to their eyes than a computer or television screen.

       Researchers are warning that looking at iPad displays for more than two hours leads to lower natural melatonin levels as the devices give off blue light. They say, “Turning off the devices at night is the final solution. But if you have to use these devices at night, dim the display to cut down irritation of the eyes and limit the time you spend on them before bed.”

       They wrote in the journal Applied Ergonomics(应用人类工程学) that iPad makers should adjust the spectral power distribution(光谱功率分布) of the devices so that they affect the sleep patterns of users less.

       It is not just a good night’s sleep that could be harmed by too much late night screen time. Researchers know that long-term harm to sleep patterns can lead to an increased risk of obesity and even cancers.

D

Fear may be felt in the heart as well as in the head, according to a study that has found a link between the cycles of a beating heart and the chance of someone feeling fear.

Tests on healthy volunteers found that they were more likely to feel a sense of fear at the moment when their hearts are contracting(收缩) and pumping blood around their bodies, compared with the point when the heartbeat is relaxed. Scientists say the results suggest that the heart is able to influence how the brain responds to a fearful event, depending on which point it is at in its regular cycle of contraction and relaxation.

Sarah Garfinkel at the Brighton and Sussex Medical School said: "Our study shows for the first time that the way in which we deal with fear is different depending on when we see fearful pictures in relation to our heart."

The study tested 20 healthy volunteers on their reactions to fear as they were shown pictures of fearful faces. Dr Garfinkel said, "The study showed that fearful faces are better noticed when the heart is pumping than when it is relaxed. Thus our hearts can also affect what we see and what we don't see - and guide whether we see fear."

To further understand this relationship, the scientists also used a brain scanner(扫描仪) to show how the brain influences the way the heart changes a person's feeling of fear.

"We have found an important mechanism by which the heart and brain ‘speak’to each other to change our feelings and reduce fear," Dr Garfinkel said.

"We hope that by increasing our understanding about how fear is dealt with and ways that it could be reduced, we may be able to develop more successful treatments for anxiety disorders, and also for those for those who may be suffering from serious stress disorder."

The National Air and Space Museum in Washington, DC has thousands of objects on display, including the 1903 Wright Flyer, Charles Lindbergh’s Spirit of St. Louis, the Apollo 11 Command Module Columbia, and a lunar rock you can touch. In addition to our exhibition gallery, you may want to visit the Albert Einstein Planetarium, Lockheed Martin IMAX Theater, and the Public Observatory on the east end. There are many things to do at the Museum in DC. We offer daily tours and educational activities for both children and adults. We also have scheduled lectures and events throughout the year.

Hours and Admission: Open every day except December 25. Admission is free.

Regular Hours:   10:00 am to 5:30pm

Extended Hours:  10:00 am to 7:30pm

December 26---30, 2014       March 30---April 20, 2015

Friday and Saturdays, April 24---May 16, 2015  May 17---September 7, 2015

Visiting Tips: Limit the number of bags: All visitors are screened through metal detector upon entry. The fewer items you bring inside the Museum, the faster your entry. Before you visit, please review the list of prohibited items, which include pocket knives and tripods(三脚架). Visitors carrying prohibited items will not be allowed inside the Museum, so please leave them at home or in your car.

No Food or Drink: Only bottled water is permitted in the Museum. You may only consume food and other drinks in the Food and Drink Court, not in the Museum. Groups who bring food are encouraged to picnic on the National Hall.

Please Take Photos: You are welcome to take photos for personal use. However, tripods and monopods(单脚架) are not permitted without approval.

First Aid: The Museum has a First Aid office and a nurse on duty. Please contact the nearest security officer or the Welcome Center for assistance.

Visit the Welcome Center: At our Welcome Center in the South Lobby, staff and volunteers can answer any questions you have during your visit.

Open: 10:00am to 5:30      Phone: 202-666-2212

E-mail: NASM-visitorservice@si.edu

Tired of all the pushing in supermarkets? Fed up with waiting in endless lines to pay for what you have bought? Angry at wasting time in traffic jams only to find no parking spaces when you eventually arrive at the store? If this is you, then online shopping is the answer to your dreams of trouble-free shopping. Or is it?

Online shopping brings its own challenges. Here are a few things to bear in mind when browsing (浏览) various websites. The claim made by online sites is that shopping online is a safe and secure way to make purchases. The evidence challenges this. In any case, you only have to be the victim of fraud (诈骗) once to experience all the problems that come with this form of stealing. Use only sites that have a trusted history and an excellent reputation.

Another problem is the appearance of items in reality is often quite different from what you see on your computer screen. This might not be a problem if you are buying washing up powder but could be a major disappointment when that beautiful blue dress you ordered turns up in green. Also, product descriptions are sometimes simply untrue. Perhaps the wisest plan is to purchase items where design and color are not essential to customer satisfaction.

Some even argue that online shopping indirectly contributes to global warming. Yes, your car can stay parked but how are online goods delivered? Often by some large vans pouring out carbon monoxide and adding to our already desperate traffic problems. You are also by now becoming increasingly irritated (使烦恼) by the fact that the delivery is late and you have wasted the leave from work you have taken to receive it!

Without question, online shopping is here to stay and it has its benefits. However, perhaps it is not as wonderful as some of its supporters claim it to be.

Your body, which has close relations with the food you eat, is the most important thing you own, so it needs proper treatment and proper nourishment(营养), The old saying” An apple a day keeps the doctor away.” is not as silly as some people think. The body needs fruit and vegetables because they contain vitamin C. Many people take extra vitamins in pill form, believing that these will make them healthy. But a good diet is made up of nourishing food and this gives all the vitamins you need. The body doesn’t need or use extra vitamins, so why waste money on them?

   In the modern western world, many people are too busy to bother about eating properly. They throw anything into their stomachs, eating hurriedly and carelessly. The list of illnesses caused or made worse by bad eating habits is frightening.