1．

The Nobel Prize is a series of awards given to people excelling (胜出) in scientific,  literary and social fields. The Nobel Prizes have been awarded annually since 1901 to those who stand out in their field of expert knowledge or skill，and specifically those who make great progress in the advancement of these fields. The best known prize is the Nobel Peace Prize，but there are also awards for physics，chemistry，medicine and literature. Nobel Prize nominees arenˈt told about their nomination(提名)，only the winners are announced publicly. Winners are announced every October and the ceremony is in December. Each prize is made up of a medal，a personal diploma and a cash award of 10 million Swedish kronor(1.4 million US dollars)．

If you want to win one of these awards，you must stand out in your field and earn the

nomination. Therefore，first focus your studies in one of the Nobel Prize fields. The categories are peace，physics，chemistry，physiology，economics and literature. Get a background education in one of these fields.

Then find a world problem and try to solve it. Curing diseases，discovering new things or

even just attempting to fix a problem may attract the attention of a Nobel nominator. Find one issue you think you can solve and work on that. It may take years before your work gets anywhere，but you should stay focused and work toward a solution.

Network(沟通)with others in your field. Since you canˈt nominate yourself for a Nobel Prize，you must make other people know your work. Attend conferences and write articles to newspapers and magazines about your work. The more you make your work known，the better your chances of earning a nomination. If your work gets the attention of a Nobel Prize nominator，he or she may nominate you.

Ignore frustration. It can take years or even decades for your work to gain recognition，so

donˈt give up if you havenˈt won a prize. In some scientific categories the Nobel Prize selection

committee actually delays giving a prize for several years，just in case a theory is discredited(不足信的). Keep at your work and realize that even if you donˈt win a Nobel Prize youˈll still be doing the world some good.

Title	The Nobel Prize
General description	●It is given to people  76________ out in their expertise or those who make great progress in the fields of science，literary or society. ●It  77________ in 1901. ●It contains the prizes in peace，physics，chemistry，medicine and literature. ●Who is nominated is kept a secret but the winners are announced in  78________. ●Winners are announced every October and the ceremony is  79________in December. ●Each prize  80________of a medal，a personal diploma and a cash award of 10 million Swedish kronor.
81______on winning the Nobel prize	Focus your 82________ in one Nobel Prize field.	Get a background education in one of the fields like peace，physics，chemistry，physiology，economics and literature.
	Find a world problem and try to solve it.	To attract a Nobel nominatorˈs attention，find one issue you can solve and work on it until you find a 83________
	Network with others in your field.	Make your work  84 __________ to others by attending conferences and writing articles about your work.
	Ignore frustration.	85________your work though you havenˈt won a prize.

2．
When it comes to being socially successful, the quantity of your relationships is irrelevant. The important thing is the quality of them. I would rather have a small team that works in concert than a big team so scattered（分散的）that nothing ever gets done. It’s better to have a few close friends who love you for who you are than a lot of acquaintances who you’re not so comfortable with.Here are five ways you can make people enjoy being around you.
Be confident, but not cocky.There is a big difference between healthy confidence and arrogant（傲慢的）cockiness. A confident person, when complimented about a wonderful thing they did, would reply with a simple “thank you.” A cocky person would take the opportunity to perform an unscheduled Academy Award acceptance speech. A confident person would offer praise for everybody who contributed to their success. A cocky person would claim all the credit for themselves without a second thought. Cocky people might experience temporary perks, but long-lasting success is a prize reserved for the confident.


Be approachable, but not a pushover.
You should welcome your friends and coworkers with open arms. It’s hard to find a person who will offer a listening ear in time of need, so fulfilling that need will help you become a person people trust. But there can be too much of a good thing. If you find yourself with invitations you’re not that interested in, don’t be afraid to politely reject them. If your schedule becomes occupied by people desiring your attention, set some ground rules and prioritize（优先考虑）. To take care of others, you must first take care of yourself.

Be direct in expression, but not nasty in delivery.
Receiving honesty with no filter （过滤）is like finding a massive glass of ice water during a desert adventure. Speak words of truth, and people will be refreshed to hear them. Most people sugarcoat their opinions, so a willingness to tell it how you see it will win the appreciation of your friends and coworkers. But here’s the catch: delivery is everything. There is a big difference between “Your article sucks” and “I like the general concept, but I think it might play better if you try if from a different angle.” Truth is something you should aim for, but it isn’t a ticket to be nasty to people. To deliver honest and helpful feedback, use this sentence structure: “ I liked (insert positive quality), but I think it would be better if (constructive criticism/ suggestion for improvement).”

Be mindful of your actions, but not absorbed in yourself.
Have you ever found yourself nervous while fielding questions in a job interview or talking to a cute person you have a crush on? So eager to make a positive first impression that you can’t escape the constant stream of thoughts causing you to doubt if you’re saying and doing the right things? As a consequence, you might find yourself so self-absorbed that you can’t focus on what the other person is saying. The less time you spend questioning yourself and the more time you spend actively listening to the other person, the better off you will be.

Be assertive, but not overbearing.
There is a thin line between being assertive and overbearing, so let’s take a look at their definitions.
assertive (adjective): having or showing a confident and forceful personally
overbearing (adjective): unpleasantly or arrogantly domineering （专横的）
An assertive person would confidently (and politely) ask friends or networking contacts for help if they needed it (and hopefully offer to return the favor). An overbearing person would force people to get what they wanted without a second thought about how their actions affected others. Being overbearing will make people avoid you because no one wants to help a pushy person. 
Being assertive will attract people to you, if you can reflect confidence and enthusiasm.
                                   Five Secrets of Socially Successful People

Outline	Details
Brief introduction	The quality of your relationship 72._________ whether you can be socially successful. Having a few truly close friends is what really 73. ________
71._________ to make people enjoy being around you	●  The responses of confident and cocky people 74._________when they are    highly thought of for what they do. Learn to be confident.
	●  Listening to others in need helps you win 75.__________.●  Turning down 76.__________ you show no interest in is acceptable
	●  You will be appreciated if you express your opinions in a 77.___________   manner.
	●  Be mindful of your actions. wanting 78.__________ to impress others will    cause you to fall into self-absorption.
	●  By 79.__________ their definitions, you will see the differences between   “assertive” and “overbearing”. Being overbearing will make people avoid    you 80.__________ being assertive will attract people to you.

3．

  When Steve Jobs was born on Febuary24, 1955, in San Francisco, California, his unmarried mother decided to put him for adoption because she wanted a girl. So in the middle of the night, his mother called a lawyer named Paul Jobs and said, “We have an unexpected baby boy; do you want him?” But his mother told his future parents to promise that they would send Jobs to college. After Steve Jobs graduated from high school, he went to college but decided to drop out because it was so expensive that he had to sleep on the floor in his friends’ rooms.
    At 20, he and a friend(Steve Wozniak) started a company in a garage on April 1, 1976. Jobs named their company－Apple in memory of a happy summer he had spent as an orchard (果园) in Oregon.
    After 10 years of hard time and failures, starting from two kids working in a garage, Apple computer eventually grew into a big company with over 4000 employees.
    At 30, Jobs, however, was fired from the company he co-founded. But after he had to leave the company, Apple was under heavy pressure from rival－Microsoft and in 1996 posted billions of dollars in losses. Apple needed Steve Jobs and he was appointed as Apple’ CEO in1997. Under his leadership, Apple returned to profitability introducing new products such as the iPod, the iPhone and the iPad.
Steve Jobs once said, “Sometimes life hits you in the head with a brick, Don’t lose faith. I’m convinced that the only thing that kept me going was that I loved what I did. You’ve got to find what you love. If you haven’t found it yet, keep looking.”

4．

Chronic disorganization occurs when one is habitually disorganized over a long period, which means the person is constantly unsystematic in how he conducts life and business. One suffering from this problem may find relief in the fact that it isn’t actually a disease or even an “official” disorder. It’s the continued lack of organization in one’s life.

Someone may become addicted to collecting a certain thing yet never organize the collection as it grows out of control. This can especially be a problem for those with a lot of time and money at hand, yet the problem can be serious for any type of person in a wide variety of situations.

One’s personal attitude can often be a big part of why the chronic disorganization exists. Once the attitude of acceptance about being a “slob” is in someone’s head, it’s hard to remove. If someone tells himself that he is a slob, he will likely live up to that self-image created by him or by those around him.

One first receives true awareness of the disorder of chronic disorganization when it starts to negatively affect relationships with friends and family members. Everybody becomes affected by this situation, especially those sharing living places with the one involved.

The National Study Group for Chronic Disorganization (HSGCD) recommends that one get help through a professional organizer. The study found that all of the subjects in the study had problems with making decisions. There were varied reasons given for this problem of decision-making. Among them were fears and prioritizing issues. Research is ongoing for the link between problems in decision-making and chronic disorganization.

Chronic disorganization often begins with situational disorganization, something most people experience at some point. Someone who has lost someone significant to him may start to be troubled by disorganization after a divorce. Someone who experienced changes in life and in his career may intend to let things like organization and order fall by the wayside. However, one doesn’t instantly have chronic disorganization.

“If you’re going through hell, keep going.” That’s an old saying that’s true about one’s struggles with chronic disorganization. Every person has the power to change within himself. It’s a matter of staying organized, one day at a time. Those who have left chronic disorganization in the past have often done so by promising to stay organized simply for that single day.

Definition	It means that the person has a(n)（71）__________ of being disorganized in life and business over a long period.
(72)__________the problem	●One example is that an addict (73 ) ___________ to organize the collection. ●The (74) ___________ of chronic disorganization is partly affected by one’s personal attitude. ●One doesn’t realize the disorder of chronic disorganization until it has (75) ____________ effects on the relationships with friends and family members.
The (76) ____________ of the study	All subjects in the study suffer from the problem of poor decision-making, which is (77) _____________ with chronic disorganization.
Warning (78)____________	Losing someone significant, (79) _____________ a divorce or changes in one’s life and career.
Good news	When in (80)_______ with chronic disorganization, every person has the power to change, at least one single day at a time.

5．

  Understanding the psychology of ourselves and others around us can play a huge part in our happiness. Whether it is believing we aren’t good enough because we’re told we should be at a certain point in our lives by a certain time, or it is simply misunderstanding others’ intentions or reactions to us, we need to get into a better mindset that will limit the amount of the negative things in our lives.

   So we need to make a habit of learning some psychological lessons that are important to living an easier life. One of such lessons is realizing that people don’t care as much as you think. Being so caught up in what others think of us or acting in a way that will meet other people’s expectations is harmful to us because everyone is occupied with their own problems and insecurities. Actually, most of what we believe people are thinking is only assumptions our own minds create based on past experiences or incorrect thoughts. Be yourself without worrying what others think will go a long way towards achieving personal happiness.

   It’s easy to think that we are the same person we were ten years ago and will be thinking and feeling the same in another ten years, but we are not. Our former, present and future selves are all independent because our mindsets change with our lives’ situations and experiences. Because of this, we should always be true to our present selves when making decisions. We can never predict what our future self will think and feel and everything that happened in the past was for our former selves.

   Have you ever seen a friend’s problem and known what they need to do to sort it out? You give advice but it just seems to fall on deaf ears. You feel frustrated because, after all, you just want to help them. The thing is, no one ever really listens to advice unless they happen to be in the right mindset at the right time. At the end of the day, people will only change their mindsets or outlooks through their own realization and experiences. Sometimes the change may come in the form of your advice but most of the time it needs to happen for them at their own paces. Don’t feel ignored or disheartened--- you did your bit, now let them work it out.

Application of psychological rules
Introduction	Knowing our own and others’ psychology can make us live happily as it can prevent us  (1)   each other.   Our past experiences and interactions with others may   (2)   in some wrong beliefs.   We need a better mindset to think   (3)  .
Suggestions	Realize that everyone is actually so   (4)   that they don’t care about you.   Don’t care too much about others’  (5)   about you.    Don’t act just to   (6)   others.
	Know that you are always  (7)  .     (8)   all your decisions on your present selves and make no predictions about your future.
	Don’t expect your   (9)   to always be followed.   Your advice is often refused unless it accidentally   (10)   the person’s present mindset.

6．

More than eight million Americans are facing a vision problem that cannot be corrected so easily. What can you eat today to protect your eyes? Find out here.

Studies show that people with low levels of antioxidants(抗氧化剂) are more likely to develop eye diseases. Antioxidants that seem to be especially protective against eye diseases include vitamin C, E and so on. While it is not completely clear how these antioxidants protect your eyes, it seems that they accumulate in the retina(视网膜) where they can wipe out compounds that damage cells by starving them of oxygen.

Egg yolks are rich in lutein (叶黄素) and zeaxanthin (玉米黄质)--- nutrients that abound in dark leafy greens, but many of us avoid eggs because we are worried about their cholesterol(胆固醇) content. Research suggests that we shouldn’t be so concerned. When people eat eggs regularly---as many as two a day---they significantly increase the levels of lutein and zeaxanthin circulating in their bodies without leading to high cholesterol levels. Unless your doctor adivses, go ahead and enjoy eggs regularly.

Supplements are showing a lot of promise in fighting against eye diseases. If you have any risk factors, talk with your professional about taking an eye health formula supplement. The current supplement formula being studied in major research trials includes 10mg of lutein, 2milligrams of zeaxanthin and 1gram total of EPA and DHA. Remember to take it only under medical supervision.

People with high blood pressure are more likely to develop eye diseases. Increased pressure damages blood vessels. This prevents blood from flowing to the eyes, making it harder for protective nutrients to reach the retina. Losing extra pounds if you are overweight might also help.

Title	Healthy ways to help protect Your Eyesight
Introduction	As many people__（1）____ from vision problems, it is urgent for us to learn to protect our eyes.
Findings of studies	_（2）___ are that people with low levels of antioxidants may develop eye diseases. Antioxidants __（3）____ because they accumulate in the retina where they wipe out harmful compounds by starving them of oxygen. Food ___（4）___ rich vitamin C, E and so on may be protective against eye diseases.
The（5）_to protecting eyesight	▲Eating eggs: Egg yolks rich in lutein and zeaxanthin can help to reduces eye diseases. So, have a regular ___6____of eggs, unless your doctor stops you. ▲Considering a supplement when__（7）_____: If you have any risk factors, __（8）____your eye-care professional about taking a supplement. ▲____（9）___ your blood pressure in check: People with high blood pressure have a _（10）_____ possibility of developing eye problems.

7．

Many people believe they are supposed to drink eight glasses of water a day, or about two liters. Why? Because that is the amount of water they have been told all their life. But a recent report offers some different advice. Experts suggest people should obey their bodies: they should drink as much water as they feel like drinking.

The report says most healthy people meet their daily needs for liquid by letting thirst be their guide. The report is from the Institute of Medicine, which provides scientific and technical advice to the government and the public. The report contains some general suggestions. It says women should get about 2.7 liters of water daily and men about 3.7 liters. But wait–in each case, that is more than eight glasses.

There is one important difference. The report does not tell people how many glasses of water are needed to meet these guidelines. This is because the daily water requirement can include the water content in foods.

As you might expect, the Institute of Medicine says people need to drink more water when they are physically active. The same is true of those who live in hot climates. Depending on heat and activity, people could need twice as much water as others do.

All this, however, does not answer one question. No one seems sure why people have the idea that good health requires eight glasses of water daily. It may have started with a misunderstanding.

How much water we should drink every day