1． Pubs have been the cornerstone of British society for hundreds of years：Over the years，British Pubs have developed many traditions．Had you visited a pub in the 1990s，yon might have noticed the ringing of the bell around 11p．m．，signaling that the pub was about to close．（36） ______
During World War I，the British Government decided that pubs must close at nine thirty in the evening （later to change to 11p．m．）．（37） ______ Ringing a bell was a clear signal to let everyone know that the time was about to close．
（38） ______ Before that depending on what kind of entertainment a place offered，there was a different license，for example a cinema needed a different license form a theater．A pub needed a different license from a night cafe．The different licenses that existed at the time were combined into one．Additionally，every three years the person responsible for the pub had to renew their license which was valid for only one location．This period of validity was extended to ten years and also the license was able to transfer from one location to another．（39） ______ It also became much easier and cheaper for owners to put on entertainment such as music bands．Cutting down on needless paperwork was predicted to save l.97billion pounds over ten years!One of the biggest effects，however，was that ninety years after the 11p．m．closing time was introduced，pubs were able to decide when they would close．（40） ______

A．Therefore，it became easier to apply for and process applications．
B．This was to minimize the risk of tired workers and potential loss in productivity．
C．British troops were fighting fierce battles with their enemies．
D．And they can have more flexibility in terms of opening hours．
E．How did this come about？
F．Do you want to visit a British pub？
G．Later，however，there was a major shake up in the licensing laws．

2． It is necessary to be reasonable and flexible enough to avoid conflicts as much as possible and live in peace with others．（36） ______ If you have done all your best to avoid conflicts and you are still arguing，then read these effective tips on how to avoid conflicts．
Don't get in the center of the conflict．
Sometimes people can get in the center of conflicts due to their enthusiasm for offering help．Frankly speaking，it is very unwise，because it can make you the main figure of the conflict．（37） ______ You should focus on your own life issues．
Be kind．
（38） ______ Life is full of conflicts and disagreements，that's why you should find more conservative ways of dealing with them．For example，kindness can lessen the conflict．
Try to be a peacekeeper．
Peacekeepers tend to cooperate with people without bad emotions which usually lead to arguments and even conflicts．"（39） ______ "This saying is the life motto of a natural-born peacekeeper．Don't worry if you are not a natural-born peacekeeper； you can gain this skill during life．
Walk off．
When the conflict is gathering pace and you can't manage to control yourself，you should choose to handle the situation in another way．By all means，try to keep yourself away from stress．（40） ______ You should get away from the situation for a while．

A．The greatest victory is a battle not fought．
B．Conflicts are unavoidable，so try to accept them．
C．Weak people usually desire others to offer help and support．
D．Let other people solve their problems without your presence．
E．It is helpful to put some distance between yourself and the opponent．
F．When someone pushes you to the limit，try to act kindly towards this person．
G．Arguing can either break your friendship or affect your relationship to some degree．

3． 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项．选项中有两项为多余选项．
Make Your Home a Happier Place
Have you ever had a dream to make your home a happier place？Maybe there are some points you can follow．
（16） ______ When you want to dress in a modern way，your mum doesn't like you wearing a mini-skirt．When you are making phone calls to friends，they ask if you're speaking to a boy or a girl．Sometimes it seems that you're not as close to your parents as you used to be．How can you become close again？
Closing the Gap by American writer Jay McGraw gives advice on how to have a better relationship with your parents．（17） ______ When you think，"My parents don't want me to have any fun，"that usually means your parents want you to be safe．（18） ______ They need to feel they are important and loved．You should tell your parents your needs，and find out what their needs are．Then，you can think of a way to make all of you happy．He gives you some ideas：
（1）（19） ______ You could talk about your school life and your plans for the future．
（2）Keep a diary．This is to help you understand more about yourself and your feelings．
（3）Show your parents you are growing up．（20） ______
Your parents will feel that you are no longer a little child．If you follow these steps，soon you will be able to break down the walls between your parents and yourself．

A．He gives ways to help you understand your parents．
B．They seldom talk with each other．
C．Both parents and children have needs．
D．Wash your clothes and help clean the house．
E．A generation gap has become a serious problem．
F．Make time to talk．
G．Sometimes you don't think your parents are fair to you．

4． Why do girls have to play sports？You might say"to get exercise"and you'd be right．To have fun？（26） ______ But there's more．In fact，there are at least four more reasons．According to the Women's Sports Foundation，girls who play sports get a lot more than just health．
Girls who play sports do better in school．（27） ______ But research shows that girls who play sports do better in school than those who don't．Exercise improves learning，memory and concentration，which can give active girls an advantage in the classroom．
Girls who play sports learn teamwork and goal-setting skills．Sports teach valuable life skills．When working with coaches，trainers and teammates to win games and achieve goals，you're learning how to be successful．（28） ______
Playing sports builds up self-confidence．Girls who play sports feel better about themselves．Why？（29） ______ Sports are also a feel-good activity because they help girls get in shape，keep a healthy weight，and make new friends．
（30） ______ Playing sports can reduce stress and help girls feel a little happier．How？The brain chemicals released during exercise improve a person's mood．Friends are another mood-lifter．And being on a team creates tight bonds between friends．It's good to know your teammates will support you-both on and off the field!

A．That's true，too．
B．What do you picture when you think of girls playing sports？
C．Those skills will serve you well at work and in family life．
D．An energetic girl can bring more fun to the people around her．
E．You might think that sports will take up some of your study time．
F．Exercise cuts the pressure．
G．It builds confidence when you know you can practice，improve and achieve your goals．

5． Too many of us are waiting too long to live our best lives．We keep putting everything off until tomorrow．Then，before we know it，we find ourselves asking，"How did it get so late so soon？"
So we'd better make today the beginning of our new life．Take time to figure ourselves out．Take time to realize what we want and need．Take time to love，laugh，cry，and learn．（11） ______ ．Here are five things we should start doing today：
Accept ourselves．The secret to happiness and success is the acceptance of ourselves．We will never become who we want to be if we rely on everyone else to qualify us．（12） ______ ．So always go with ourselves，never against ourselves．Be who we were created to be and we will set the world on fire．
Make ourselves a priority．To tell the truth，there are only a few people in this world who will stay 100% true to us，so we should stay true to ourselves．Put our own needs into the list of things to do．
（13） ______ ．Don't sit back and let things happen to us．Go out and make things happen．We are what we do，not what we say we'll do．Stop saying"I wish"and start saying"I will"．Turn our dreams into plans．
Do the work．We can't underestimate （低估） a person who always works hard．Be that person．（14） ______ ．Always remember that the task ahead of us is never greater than the strength within us．Do what's right，not what's easy．Our dreams are worth it．
（15） ______ ．We can't force things to happen； we can only drive ourselves trying crazily．There's a time and place for everything．So don't force what's not yet supposed to fit into our life．When it's meant to be，it will be．Work hard，and be patient．
A．Take positive action．
B．Enjoy every moment of life．
C．Life is shorter than it often seems．
D．Everyone has a different way of life．
E．Accept ourselves just the way we are．
F．Allow life to happen like it's supposed to．
G．In life，we don't get what we wish for； we get what we work for．

6． A．Agra Fort
Near the gardens of the Taj Mahal stands the important 16th-century Mughal monument known as the Red Fort of Agra．This powerful fortress of red sandstone encompasses，within its 2.5-km-long enclosure walls，the imperial city of the Mughal rulers．It comprises many fairy-tale palaces，such as the Jahangir Palace and the Khas Mahal，built by Shah Jahan； audience halls，such as the Diwan-i-Khas； and two very beautiful mosques．
B．Taj Mahal
Taj Mahal is regarded as one of the eight wonders of the world，and some Western historians have noted that its architectural beauty has never been surpassed．The Taj is the most beautiful monument built by the Mughals，the Muslim rulers of India．Taj Mahal is built entirely of white marble．It was constructed over a period of twenty-two years，employing twenty thousand workers．It was completed in 1648C．E．at a cost of 32Million Rupees．
C．Keoladeo National Park
This former duck-hunting reserve of the Maharajas is one of the major wintering areas for large numbers of aquatic birds from Afghanistan，Turkmenistan，China and Siberia．Some 364species of birds，including the rare Siberian crane，have been recorded in the park．
D．Humayun's Tomb，Delhi
This tomb，built in 1570，is of particular cultural significance as it was the first garden-tomb on the Indian subcontinent．It inspired several major architectural innovations，culminating in the construction of the Taj Mahal．The gardens also contain the red-and-white sandstone and black-and-yellow marble tomb of Humayun's wife and the tomb of Humayun's barber．
E．Grand Canyon National Park
The Grand Canyon is perhaps the most awesome sight in the United States--and one of the wonders of the world．Much of the park's beauty is related to its geology and ecology．Schmidt explores the shape of the land，its plants and animals，and its human history．A fascinating book that everyone visiting the Grand Canyon should read．The Skywalk at Grand Canyon West is really exciting．
F．Sundarbans National Park
The Sundarbans covers 10，000sq．km of land and water （more than half of it in India，the rest in Bangladesh） in the Ganges delta．It contains the world's largest area of mangrove forests．A number of rare or endangered species live in the park，including tigers，aquatic mammals，birds and reptiles．

请阅读以下旅游者的信息，然后匹配旅游者和他/她拟旅游的景点．
46．Carina is fond of art and likes travelling very much．In order to take part in the following exhibition，she wants to take some photos of birds from all over the world，especially the rare Siberian crane．In the meanwhile，she doesn't want to spend too much money．
47．Daisy's major is bilogy．She is interested in studies of tigers in India．Before graduation，she needs to write an essay on the tiger．She hears that it is one of the largest tiger populations of any of India's parks．And so she wants to go there to do some research．
48．Alexander is a college student of Physics．He learns that this canyon is a gift from past generations that goes beyond what we experience．He is looking forward to going there and experiencing the Skywalk in the park．
49．Sammy majors in history．He will visit it again this summer．He says it's built entirely of white Marble and is one of the eight wonders of the world．Its beauty is beyond description，particularly at dawn and sunset．It seems to glow in the light of the full moon．On a foggy morning，the visitors experience it as if suspended when viewed from across the Jamuna river．
50．Nancy comes from the history department．Last summer she visited the ancient markets of Agra and this year she wants to visit it again．Not long ago she said："Arriving at the Delhi airport，we representatives were warmly received．Our tirdness flew in seconds by the traditional welcome that we got at the hotel's reception．"The next day they visited the famous tomb．
46． ______ 47． ______ 48． ______ 49． ______ 50． ______ ．

7． How To Learn English Effectively
       Have you ever tried to study English, but it turned out it’s too difficult for you? Well, let me tell you that the language is easy once you keep in mind these golden rules:
Always study and review phrases, not individual words.
    Did somebody give you a dictionary when you started learning your native language as a child? No? Then why do you keep using it when studying a foreign language? Memorizing individual words has absolutely no sense without the context.   (1)   Don’t study grammar.
     When you start thinking about what construction to use, you begin to stammer, stop sounding natural. Your responses should become automatic to master the language, so instead of studying theory – take more practice! When you speak, you donˈt have time for considering what tense is appropriate, one hundred percent correct.   (2)   Grammar is important in writing, not in speaking.   (3)  
    One of the most common mistakes when studying a foreign language is relying solely on textbooks. Thanks to them you may know a lot of grammar and vocabulary, but youˈre still not capable of conducting a conversation. It is because you should learn English by listening and not by reading. If you listen more, youˈll grasp useful vocabulary and grammar without even realizing it and without memorizing!Learn English deeply.
       Remember itˈs always about quality, not about quantity.   (4)   When memorizing the phrases (remember the first rule!) slowly, you put them into the deeper parts of your brain so they donˈt fade away quickly.Listen and answer, not listen and repeat.
    (5)  If you practice listening with a podcast or a video, pause it every 20 – 30 second and summarize what has been said. You have to think quickly, so you stop bothering yourself with useless grammar and start to speak the real, living language!

(1) A. Studying grammar is the quickest way to slow down your progress.

B. Instead of learning dozens of new words in a short time, try repeating one, but dozens of times.

C. But you donˈt need to think about that.

D.  Learning whole phrases is much more effective.

E. You should answer the questions asked by the speaker instead of mindlessly retelling his words.

F. Use only authentic English materials.

G. Learn with your ears, not with your eyes.

(2) A. Studying grammar is the quickest way to slow down your progress.

B. Instead of learning dozens of new words in a short time, try repeating one, but dozens of times.

C. But you donˈt need to think about that.

D.  Learning whole phrases is much more effective.

E. You should answer the questions asked by the speaker instead of mindlessly retelling his words.

F. Use only authentic English materials.

G. Learn with your ears, not with your eyes.

(3) A. Studying grammar is the quickest way to slow down your progress.

B. Instead of learning dozens of new words in a short time, try repeating one, but dozens of times.

C. But you donˈt need to think about that.

D.  Learning whole phrases is much more effective.

E. You should answer the questions asked by the speaker instead of mindlessly retelling his words.

F. Use only authentic English materials.

G. Learn with your ears, not with your eyes.

(4) A. Studying grammar is the quickest way to slow down your progress.

B. Instead of learning dozens of new words in a short time, try repeating one, but dozens of times.

C. But you donˈt need to think about that.

D.  Learning whole phrases is much more effective.

E. You should answer the questions asked by the speaker instead of mindlessly retelling his words.

F. Use only authentic English materials.

G. Learn with your ears, not with your eyes.

(5) A. Studying grammar is the quickest way to slow down your progress.

B. Instead of learning dozens of new words in a short time, try repeating one, but dozens of times.

C. But you donˈt need to think about that.

D.  Learning whole phrases is much more effective.

E. You should answer the questions asked by the speaker instead of mindlessly retelling his words.

F. Use only authentic English materials.

G. Learn with your ears, not with your eyes.

8．

 This habit was picked from my teacher back in 1998. Back then it seemed trivial (琐碎) and not likely to make any significant influence on my life.   (1)  

   The habit that has made the greatest influence on my life is scheduling. In my mind, it is the tiny daily habit that indeed can be life-changing. Scheduling is not just about the ordering of tasks throughout the day.  (2)   If you are able to design the right schedule and follow it, you are able to gain massive rewards for your work.

     (3)   However, everything is likely to boil down to the most precious asset (财富), namely time. If you are able to master your time and follow the schedule, you will not lose any minute doing things that do not matter or add no value. The tiny daily habit of scheduling your day is important. In the short term, it might seem boring and inefficient.  (4)   It can provide you with the greatest opportunity possible.

     (5)  

(1) A. Master your time!

B. Only time will tell.

C. Forming tiny daily habit is not an easy task for us.

D. However, a few years later I realized its true power.

E. It is about the proper allocation and usage of your time and effort.

F. One can endlessly argue about the things that have the biggest value in our lives.

G. However, in the long run, the habit of scheduling your tasks and plans will pay off.

(2) A. Master your time!

B. Only time will tell.

C. Forming tiny daily habit is not an easy task for us.

D. However, a few years later I realized its true power.

E. It is about the proper allocation and usage of your time and effort.

F. One can endlessly argue about the things that have the biggest value in our lives.

G. However, in the long run, the habit of scheduling your tasks and plans will pay off.

(3) A. Master your time!

B. Only time will tell.

C. Forming tiny daily habit is not an easy task for us.

D. However, a few years later I realized its true power.

E. It is about the proper allocation and usage of your time and effort.

F. One can endlessly argue about the things that have the biggest value in our lives.

G. However, in the long run, the habit of scheduling your tasks and plans will pay off.

(4) A. Master your time!

B. Only time will tell.

C. Forming tiny daily habit is not an easy task for us.

D. However, a few years later I realized its true power.

E. It is about the proper allocation and usage of your time and effort.

F. One can endlessly argue about the things that have the biggest value in our lives.

G. However, in the long run, the habit of scheduling your tasks and plans will pay off.

(5) A. Master your time!

B. Only time will tell.

C. Forming tiny daily habit is not an easy task for us.

D. However, a few years later I realized its true power.

E. It is about the proper allocation and usage of your time and effort.

F. One can endlessly argue about the things that have the biggest value in our lives.

G. However, in the long run, the habit of scheduling your tasks and plans will pay off.

9．

Secretcodes(密码）keepmessagesprivate.Banks, companies,andgovernmentagenciesusesecretcodesindoingbusiness,especiallywheninformationissentbycomputer.

Peoplehaveusedsecretcodesforthousandsofyears.   (1)  Codebreakingneverlags(落后）farbehindcodemaking.Thescienceofcreatingandreadingcodedmessagesiscalledcryptography.

Therearethreemaintypesofcryptography.   (2)   Forexample,thefirstlettersof“Myelephanteatstoomanyeels”spelloutthehiddenmessage“Meetme.”

  (3)  Youmightrepresenteachletterwithanumber,forexample. Let’snumberthelettersofthealphabet,inorder,from1to26.Ifwesubstituteanumberforeachletter,themessage“Meetme”wouldread“135520135.”

Acodeusessymbolstoreplacewords,phrases, orsentences.Toreadthemessageofareal code,youmusthaveacodebook.  (4)   Forexample,“bridge”mightstandfor“meet” and“out”mightstandfor“me”.Themessage“Bridgeout”wouldactuallymean“Meetme.”  (5)   

However,itisalsohardtokeepacodebooksecretforlong. Socodesmustbechangedfrequently.

(1) A. Itisveryhardtobreakacodewithoutthecodebook.

B. Inanylanguage,somelettersareusedmorethanothers.

C. Onlypeoplewhoknowthekeywordcanreadthemessage.

D. As long as there have been codes, people have tried to break them.

E. You can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out.

F. With a code book, you might write down words that would stand for other words.

G. Another way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet.

(2) A. Itisveryhardtobreakacodewithoutthecodebook.

B. Inanylanguage,somelettersareusedmorethanothers.

C. Onlypeoplewhoknowthekeywordcanreadthemessage.

D. As long as there have been codes, people have tried to break them.

E. You can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out.

F. With a code book, you might write down words that would stand for other words.

G. Another way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet.

(3) A. Itisveryhardtobreakacodewithoutthecodebook.

B. Inanylanguage,somelettersareusedmorethanothers.

C. Onlypeoplewhoknowthekeywordcanreadthemessage.

D. As long as there have been codes, people have tried to break them.

E. You can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out.

F. With a code book, you might write down words that would stand for other words.

G. Another way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet.

(4) A. Itisveryhardtobreakacodewithoutthecodebook.

B. Inanylanguage,somelettersareusedmorethanothers.

C. Onlypeoplewhoknowthekeywordcanreadthemessage.

D. As long as there have been codes, people have tried to break them.

E. You can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out.

F. With a code book, you might write down words that would stand for other words.

G. Another way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet.

(5) A. Itisveryhardtobreakacodewithoutthecodebook.

B. Inanylanguage,somelettersareusedmorethanothers.

C. Onlypeoplewhoknowthekeywordcanreadthemessage.

D. As long as there have been codes, people have tried to break them.

E. You can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out.

F. With a code book, you might write down words that would stand for other words.

G. Another way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet.

10．

To be successful people

Here are some opinions about successful and unsuccessful people．

Make life plans and set goals

You can't be successful without knowing where you are going．A life vision board，10years'plan and daily goals are useful tools of the successful people．  (1)  

Keep a"To-be"list for the future

A"To-be"list is a great way to plan for the future．I want to be an elected official in the future．I want to be the CEO of a public company．  (2)  Unsuccessful people have no idea what they want to be．How can you achieve success if you don't know what you want to be？

Study every day

  (3)   Whether you are reading a magazine or a good book．You can learn and become knowledgeable as you read．While watching television may be good entertainment，you will hardly get anything out of TV to help you become more successful．

Want others to succeed

When you are in an organization with a group of people，in order to be successful，you all have to be successful．  (4)  If you wish for their failures，why even work with them at all？

Accept responsibly for your failures

Where there are ups，there are most always downs．Being successful persons means always having to accept responsibly for your failures．  (5)  It just puts other people down and no good comes from it．

(1) A. Blaming others solves nothing．

B. Your failures help your successes．

C. I want to be a great father and husband．

D. We want to make our life plans and goal．

E. Get your vision and goals down on paper．

F. Studying everyday educates you on new subjects．

G. You need to want to see your co-workers improve and succeed．

(2) A. Blaming others solves nothing．

B. Your failures help your successes．

C. I want to be a great father and husband．

D. We want to make our life plans and goal．

E. Get your vision and goals down on paper．

F. Studying everyday educates you on new subjects．

G. You need to want to see your co-workers improve and succeed．

(3) A. Blaming others solves nothing．

B. Your failures help your successes．

C. I want to be a great father and husband．

D. We want to make our life plans and goal．

E. Get your vision and goals down on paper．

F. Studying everyday educates you on new subjects．

G. You need to want to see your co-workers improve and succeed．

(4) A. Blaming others solves nothing．

B. Your failures help your successes．

C. I want to be a great father and husband．

D. We want to make our life plans and goal．

E. Get your vision and goals down on paper．

F. Studying everyday educates you on new subjects．

G. You need to want to see your co-workers improve and succeed．

(5) A. Blaming others solves nothing．

B. Your failures help your successes．

C. I want to be a great father and husband．

D. We want to make our life plans and goal．

E. Get your vision and goals down on paper．

F. Studying everyday educates you on new subjects．

G. You need to want to see your co-workers improve and succeed．