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            • 1． ________
              难度：中等
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            • 2． Both men and women are living longer these days in industrialized countries．（36）     In general，they can expect to live six or seven years more than men．One reason for this is biological．
              One important biological factor that helps women live longer is the difference in hormones between men and women．（37）     Between the ages of about 12and 50，women produce hormones that are involved in fertility（生育能力）．These hormones also have a positive effect on the heart and blood flow．In fact，women are less likely to have high blood pressure or to die from heart attacks．
              （38）    They help the body defend itself against some kinds of infections．This means that women generally ger sick less often and less seriously than men．The common cold is a good example：women，on average，get fewer colds than men．（39）    Scientists are still not exactly sure how genes influence aging，but they believe that they do．Some think that a woman’s body cells have a tendency（向） to age more slowly than a man’s．Others think that a man’s body cells have a tendency to age more quickly．（40）    

              A．However，women，on average，live longer．
              B．The biological factor plays an important part．
              C．Women are also helped by their female genes．
              D．The female hormones also protect the body in another way．
              E．Recent research seems to support both of these possibilities．
              F．Therefore，women are more healthy than men and can live a better life．
              G．Hormones are chemicals which are produced by the body to control carious body functions．
              难度：中等
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            • 3． The average computer user has between 5 and 15 username/password combinations to log in different kinds of accounts．Some demand you use a specific number of symbols and digits，while others require you to change your password every 60 days．The feeling of confusion resulting from memorizing these login information has grown so common that it actually has a name：password fatigue（疲劳）．
              Having to remember so many different passwords is annoying，but it can also be dangerous．Because it is virtually impossible to remember a unique password for each of these accounts，many people leave handwritten lists of usernames and passwords on or next to their computers．
              （71）    While these practices make it easier to remember login information，they also make it easier for thieves to hack into accounts．
              Single Sign-On （SSO） confirmation and password management software can help solve this problem．With SSO，users only need to remember one password to log in to the main system．
              （72）    SSO software is typically used by large companies，schools，or libraries．
              （73）    If a user loses or forgets the password required to log in to SSO software，the user will then lose access to all of the applications linked to the SSO account．Users who rely on password management software face the same problems．
              Although most websites or network systems allow users to recover or change lost passwords by providing email addresses or answering a prompt（提示），this process can waste time and cause further frustration．What is more，recovering a forgotten password is only a temporary solution．
              （74）    
              Some computer scientists have suggested computers rely on biometrics（生物测定学）．（75）     The use of biometrics raises questions concerning privacy and can also be expensive to practice．
               Software engineers and computer security experts are still searching for the cure to password fatigue．Until they find the perfect solution，however，everyone will simply have to rely on the password system currently in place．

              A．It does not address the larger problem of password fatigue．
              B．These software programs have been built into many major web browsers
              C．The problem with password management software makes users feel powerless．
              D．The SSO software then automatically logs the user in to other accounts within the system．
              E．However，SSO confirmation and password management software also have drawbacks．
              F．This is a method of recognizing human users based on unique traits，such as fingerprints，voice，or DNA．
              G．Others solve this problem by using the same password for every account or using extremely simple passwords．
              难度：中等
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            • 4． 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填人空白处的最佳选项．选项中有两项为多余选项．
              Personal Shoppers
              　　I was shopping with Thomas，who has been working as a personal shopper for the past five years．“Personal shoppers are in great demand these days，”he told me as we were walking past designer clothes shops．（51）    He said that there were many people who wanted to be fashionable，but they didn’t know where to start．They needed a professional to advise them．
              　　But why？I always call my best friend to help me find the perfect dress，not a stranger!
              “（52）     The first thing I do is help my customer improve their image．I teach them to choose colours and clothes that suit them，and how to use make-up，”Thomas told me．“Then I organize the customer’s wardrobe．（53）    The third service has to do with actual shopping：the personal shopper and the customer visit shops and buy clothes according to the customer’s personality，lifestyle and needs．”
              　　Of course，each of the above services costs between 150 and 225 euros！（54）    “Most of my customers are rich business people who call me for important meetings or business parties，”explained Thomas．“However，I also work for people in all kinds of jobs and for retired men and women who want a change of look．”
              　　We spent the rest of the day shopping．Every time we came out of a shop，we had one more bag．In the end，I went home with a beautiful dress，two pairs of trousers，some lovely tops and a couple of coats．I’d never had a shopping day like this before!I admit that I’d spent more than I usually do，but I wouldn’t have found such beautiful clothes without Thomas．（55）    

              A．I can help in three different ways．
              B．I asked him why this had happened．
              C．It depends on the customer's preferences．
              D．I might even throw away some old clothes．
              E．I just wish personal shoppers were a bit cheaper!
              F．People need help with choosing the right clothes．
              G．I just wonder how many people have this kind of money to spend．
              难度：中等
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            • 5． Directions：Read the following passage．Fill in the numbered blanks by using the information from the passage．
              Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer．
              Many of us invest valuable time，energy and money planning our vacations．We do this because we know for sure that going on vacations must be good for us．Research proves this feeling without a doubt．Vacations help us perform better at work，improve our sleep quality and cushion us against depression．
              Yet，despite these benefits，many of us return home with a feeling that our last vacation was OK-but not great．In order to change this，some mistakes should be avoided．A classic one for vacation planners is attempting to maximize value for money by planning trips that have too many components （组成部分）•Perhaps you’re planning a trip to Europe，seven cities in 10days，and you realize it will cost only a little more to add two more destinations to the list Sounds fine in theory，but hopping from one place to the next hardly gives an opportunity to experience what psychologists call mindfulness-time to take in our new surroundings，time to be present and absorb our travel experiences．Another mistake is that we worry too much about strategic issues such as how to find a good flight deal，how to get from A to B，or which destinations to add or subtract from our journey．These issues may seem important，but our psychological state of mind is far more important．
              Actually，vacation happiness is based on the following top rules．First，choose your travel companions wisely，because nothing contributes more significantly to a trip than the right companions．Second，don’t spend your vacation time in a place where everything is too expensive so as to maintain a positive mood．Third，shop wisely，for meaningful experiences provide more long-term happiness than physical possessions．

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              80．    ．
              难度：中等
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            • 6． As societies develop，their members start to see things not so much according to what they need，but according to what they want．（71）    
              Now，it's important for the managers in a company to understand what their customers want if they are going to develop effective marketing strategies．（72）     One way at supermarkets，for example，is to interview customers while they are doing their shopping．（73）    This provides information on which to base future marketing strategies．It's also quite normal for top managers from department stores to spend a day or two each month visiting stores and mixing freely with the public，as if they were ordinary customers，to get an idea of how customers act．
              Another way to get information from customers is to give them something．（74）     As well as being a good way of attracting customers into the restaurants to spend their money，it also allows the managers to get at feel of where to attract customers and which age group to attract
              Another strategy used at some well-known parks such as Disneyland is for top managers to spend at least one day in their work，touring the park dressed as Mickey Mouse or something like that．（75）    
              A．They can be asked what they prefer to buy and then the results of the research can be studied．
              B．This provides them with a perfect chance to examine the scene and watch the customers without being noticed．
              C．When people have enough money，these wants become demands．
              D．We have more ways of doing it better than ever before．
              E．Here are five principles of"H-E-A-R-T"communication．
              F．There are various ways o£doing this．
              G．For example，some fast food restaurants give away tickets to customers to get part of their meal for nothing．
              难度：中等
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            • 7． 阅读下面短文并回答问题，然后将答案写到答题卡相应的位置上（请注意问题后的词数要求）．
              [1]You've known your best friend for many years and shared many precious moments together，they have always been there for you and have been your rock to lean on when you were down．Now someone is making you send them away，and you may never see them again．How do you feel？
              [2]This is how many Harbin citizens are currently feeling as a new policy has recently been passed banning large dogs from being kept in urban areas．Sadly then，all current owners have to __________________．Understandably this is heartbreaking．
              [3]The animals are being forced away from the city under the banner（旗号） of public safety and cleanliness．It's understandable that city officials want to create a safe and clean environment for the people of Harbin，but is the ban reasonable？Are big dogs that much of a danger and dirtier than smaller dogs？I can understand the cleanliness issue：there's nothing worse than walking in dog wastes and having to clean it off your shoes．It's disgusting!But smaller dogs create just as much mess，so the problem will still be lying around．
              [4]Cities in other countries have no policies dictating what kind of dog one can own．But their streets are still clean and people aren't getting chased around by crazy dogs．Dog owners should be educated properly in how to look after their animals and be punished for breaking the laws．The dog doesn't break the law by using the sidewalk as a toilet； the owner does for not cleaning afterwards．Maybe more severe punishments for the few offending owners will be a better solution，because many dog owners do clean up after their animals．
              76．What does the first paragraph have to do with the dog-losers，in other words，in what way is it related to them？（within 8 words）    
              77．Please fill in the blank in Paragraph 2．（within 5 words）    
              78．What are the two reasons for larger dogs being forced out of the city？（within 10 words）
              ①    ②    
              79．What's the main idea of Paragraph 3？（within 10 words）
                  
              80．What are the writer's suggestions on how to deal with the situation？（within 18 words）    ．
              难度：中等
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            • 8． Everyone knows that fish is good for health．（16）    But it seems that many people don’t cook fish at home．Americans eat only about fifteen pounds of fish per person per year，but we eat twice as much fish in restaurants as at home．Buying，storing，and cooking fish isn’t difficult．（17）    This text is about how to buy and cook fish in an easy way．
              （18）    Fresh fish should smell sweet：you should feel that you’re standing at the ocean’s edge．Any fishy or strong smell means the fish isn’t fresh．（19）    When you have bought a fish and arrive home，you’d better store the fish in the refrigerator if you don’t cook it immediately，but fresh fish should be stored in your fridge for only a day or two．Frozen fish isn’t as tasty as the fresh one．
              There are many common methods used to cook fish．（20）    First，clean it and season it with your choice of spices（调料）．Put the whole fish on a plate and steam it in a steam pot for 8 to 10 minutes if it weighs about one pound．（A larger one will take more time．）Then，it’s ready to serve．

              A．Do not buy it．
              B．The easiest is to steam it．
              C．This is how you can do it．
              D．It just requires a little knowledge．
              E．The fish will go bad within hours．
              F．When buying fish，you should first smell it．
              G．The fats in fish are thought to help prevent heart disease．
              难度：中等
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