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            • 1．
              Do You Know the Gaps （漏洞） in Your Knowledge？
              You probably don't know as much as you think you do．When put to the test，most people find they can't explain the workings of everyday things they think they understand．Don't believe me？Find an object you use daily （an ear phone，a toilet，a stereo speaker） and try to describe how it works． （71） ______ We call this phenomenon the illusion of explanatory depth（解释性深度错觉）．It means you think you fully understand something that you actually don't．
              We see this every day in buzzwords （流行语）．Though we often use them，their meanings are usually unclear． （72） ______
              Several years ago，I attended a meeting where the president spoke about global business practice in the coming year．During the talk，people around the room nodded in agreement．Afterwards，though，many of them discussed how to manage global business practice，none of the people who had nodded in agreement could exactly describe what it actually meant．
              No matter what job you do，discovering your gaps in knowledge is necessary．An unknown gap means you might not fully understand a problem．（73） ______
              To discover the things you can't explain，take a lesson from teachers．When you guide someone else，you have to fill the gaps in your own knowledge．But you don't need to teach someone else．Explain concepts to yourself as you learn them．Get in the habit of self-teaching．Involve others in learning together． （74） ______ Ask them to explain difficult concepts，even if you think everyone understands them．Not only will this help you to work through new ideas，but it will occasionally uncover places where your friends don't understand the explanations．
              （75） ______ They can help you have a better understanding of problems．

              A．An active learner usually puts it into reality．
              B．That can prevent you from solving the problem properly．
              C．Your explanations can't show your own knowledge gaps．
              D．Help recognize the knowledge gaps of the people around you．
              E．You're likely to discover unexpected gaps in your knowledge．
              F．They cover gaps in our knowledge，serving concepts we don't fully understand．
              G．When you do uncover these gaps，treat them as learning opportunities，not signs of weakness．
              难度：较易
              解析 收藏 试题篮
            • 2．
              Crows Have Had a Bad Press
              （36） ______ They are smarter than any cat and sometimes children too．But despite this，they have a bad reputation．
              "There are a few reasons for this，"says Kevin J．McGowan，a U．S．bird expert，who has studied crows for 25years．"One is that they're black，and in western European culture，that's bad．（37） ______ So somebody died，lying on the side of the road，and the crows came in and picked at it because there it was，free food．"
              Crows are also attacked by gardeners．It's not deserved，says John Marzluff，professor of wildlife science at the University of Washington．U．S．Marzluff says crows do more good than harm to a garden．"They eat a great variety of crop pest insects，"he said，"so in the family garden they are a good natural insecticide．"
              （38） ______
              Crows have strong family values．They come closer to human beings in social behavior than any other animal studied．Crow society is family-based．（39） ______ ．When you see a number of crows gathering，they're usually family groups that are helping each other make a living．
              A crow has a big"vocabulary"．It can make around 30calls unique to itself，each with a different meaning．From their calls，crows can tell the difference between family members，neighbors and strangers．
              Young crows like to play．They get an object like a leaf or a feather and they chase each other around，trying to get the object．Then whoever gets it gets chased．
              （40） ______ They let others know when they are calm，angry，fearful and playful．Some crow emotions and behavior are amazing，such as leaving goodies-candy，keys or shiny glass-for people who feed them，or pooping on the cars of people who bother them．

              A．Crow emotions are wonderful
              B．Here is something more about crows that you might not know．
              C．Young crows show respect for their parents as humans do．
              D．They also get associated with death because in Europe there are no vultures（秃鹰）．
              E．Crows are very smart．
              F．Crows express emotions．
              G．Parents take care of their kids，just like people．
              难度：较易
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            • 3．
              Love and friendshipThey are both so much related to each other．And both are so dissimilar!What are the differences between friendship and love？Is platonic（柏拉图式的）friendship possible between persons of the opposite sex？（36） ______ What is friendship？Why do we call a person our friend？When do we call someone a very good friend？If we care for a person，if we are always ready to help that person and if we share most of our thoughts with a person，they are our good friends．We can always count upon our good friends in an emergency．We are always sure that our friends will understand why we acted in a certain way．（37） ______ The friendship is so deep and the relationship is so intimate，that most of the things are automatically understood by our friends．
              （38） ______ In a relationship of deep love，all the sharing that we discussed above is taken for granted．But love transends（超出）all this．During love，we are attached with a particular person，while in friendship，one may have many friends．A loving relationship makes one so much attached to the other that one gets pained if his/her beloved is hurt!Love also involves a physical element．（39） ______ This is a vital difference．Nature gives us love so that the species can go forward．Nature does not give us friendship．
              Your heart beats will never increase in anticipation of meeting your friend．（40） ______ You will not feel totally lost，if you don't meet your friend for a few days．You will not have dreams in your eyes thinking about your friend．But in love，you will do all this and much more．Indeed，there is no comparison between love and friendship．

              A．What about lve？
              B．My answer is"Yes"．
              C．Let us try and understand．
              D．Friendship does not have that．
              E．We need not explain anything to our very good friends．
              F．You will not lie awake at night thinking about your friend．
              G．The physical element may include hand in hand while walking．
              难度：较易
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            • 4．
              Maybe you are an ordinary student．（36） ______ This is not necessarily so．Anyone can become a better student if he or she wants to．Here's how：
              Plan your time carefully．When planning your work，you should make a list of things that you have to do．After making this list，you should make a schedule of your time．First arrange your time for eating，sleeping，dressing，etc，then decide a good，regular time for studying．（37） ______ A weekly schedule may not solve all your problems，but it will force you realize what is happening to your time．
              Make good use of your time in class．（38） ______ Listening carefully in class means less work later．Taking notes will help you remember what the teacher says．
              Study regularly．When you get home from school，go over your notes，review the important points that your teacher is going to discuss the next day，read that material．（39） ______ If you do these things regularly，the material will become more meaningful，and you will remember it longer．
              Develop a good attitude towards tests．The purpose of a test is to show what you have learned about a subject．The world won't end if you don't pass a test，so don't be over worried．
              （40） ______ You will probably discover many others after you have tried these．

              A．This will help you understand the next class．
              B．You probably think you will never be a top student．
              C．Don't forget to set aside enough time for entertainment．
              D．No one can become a top student unless he or she works hard．
              E．There are other methods that might help you with your study．
              F．Take advantage of class time to listen to everything the teacher says．
              G．Make full use of spare time to take note of what the teacher says in class．
              难度：较易
              解析 收藏 试题篮
            • 5．
              ●Does failure really exist？
              If you believe you have failed，then you have．If you believe you don't have the ability to succeed，then you don't．（36） ______ The moment you decide to give up or stop working toward your goals，failure is born．
              ●（37） ______
              Most people give themselves an out without even realizing it．They are willing to work hard on reaching their goals，but only until the going gets too rough or their energy dies down． Don't do that!（38） ______ Never quit，never admit failure，and never lose heart．
              ●Don't believe in a clear finish line for goals．
              It's a good idea to set a general timeline，but remember that something will be beyond your control．（39） ______ If you lock yourself into a given timeline，you might make yourself feel like a failure!Instead，get a general idea of when you'd like your goal to be completed． Then take it one day at a time and focus on making progress instead of reaching the finish line in as little time as possible．
              ●Be sure that you don't see difficulties as failures．
              Difficulties mean only one thing：it's not time for your goal to be completed yet．That's it!It doesn't mean you failed； it doesn't mean you're weak； it doesn't mean you'll never achieve your goals．（40） ______ You've got to keep moving forward and find a way over，around，or through the difficulties．

              A． Never give up on yourself．
              B． Failure only exists in your own mind!
              C． That's exactly how failure makes us feel．
              D． It simply means you have not done enough yet．
              E． You can never say exactly when your goal will be reached．
              F． Instead，make up your mind to make your goal happen，no matter what!
              G． Work hard towards your goal，and you will be likely to get good results．
              难度：较易
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            • 6．
              Instagram is a game．Getting likes and followers is no easy task．My sister routinely breaks 150likes on Instagram，no sweat，because she just gets it．（36） ______ Here's what to do and，more important，what not to do．
              (1) （37） ______
              You can't post photos optionally．Think of it like stealing grapes at the grocery store when a clerk isn't watching．So when DO you actually post？Sunday evening is"prime time"for likes．Because"everyone is bored and not doing homework．I guess that applies to the real world too!When not to post？Mornings!The likes are"strange and sporadic（零散的）．"
              (2) Also，don't post too much．
              I don't care how much you're feeling your look．（38） ______ This isn't a buffet：we want a very small piece of your life．Remember，"You can't give the people too much or they will pass their eye over it quickly．"If you're posting three to four times a week，others may"reevaluate your life"．I see no lies!
              (3) But if it is a big week in your life，feel free to post more than usual．
              Of course，there's always the exception to the rule．（39） ______ The social media shouldn't punish you for having a lot going on!Just remember to take it easy．
              (4) （40） ______
              a．Be"natural and fun"．
              b．Selfies are"not to be taken seriously"．
              c．"Selfies should only be when you have a good one．"

              A．Selfies have strict rules．
              B．Wait a while before Selfies again．
              C．Timing is everything．
              D．No one needs to see eight pictures from your date night out．
              E．After all，Instagram was meant to record important moments in your life．
              F．Just make sure you post afterwards and let the people want more．
              G．Thankfully she was able to take time out of her busy schedule and break down the science of Instagram for us"old"folk．
              难度：较易
              解析 收藏 试题篮
            • 7．
              A．Be realistic．
              B．Set specific goals．
              C．Make changes slowly．
              D．Be responsible for yourself．
              E．Deal with failure positively．
              F．Make sure your actions match your words．

              Consistency（一贯性） is one of those general features that everyone wants，but few people actually manage to gain．Don't worry!Here is some advice that will help you．
              （61） ______
              Being consistent means that you don't say one thing while actually doing something else．You can't be inconsistent in your behavior and expect yourself to behave consistently in other parts of your life．Try to avoid saying words that you can't back up with your actions．There is no shame in admitting you don't yet know how to do something．For example，if you're tasked with something at work that you haven't done before or don't know how to do，don't pretend like you have got everything under control．Instead，ask for some help and show your willingness to learn something you don't know．
              （62） ______
              General consistency is great，but being consistent is not easier and more likely to succeed if you set specific goals．These goals will help you behave consistently and give you something to work for．You can set a variety of goals in different areas of your life．For example，if your specific goal is to lose weight，you would need to work on being consistent with exercise，with your diet（eating healthy foods），etc．
              （63） ______
              If you try and do everything at once all，you will be very tired．It will make it a lot harder for you to be consistent．Make gradual changes instead of jumping a big step．If you can do something for three weeks，it will become part of your routine．Pick one thing you'll work to be consistent in for a month．When that month is up，add another thing to be consistent in．
              （64） ______
              To be consistent you have to make sure that you recognize when you don't come up to the standards and goals that you've set．And that is when you don't act consistently with your goals．On a calendar write down each day whether you succeeded or failed in following your consistency goals．If you failed，explain why you didn't follow them．This will help keep you responsible for when you don't follow your goals and will also serve as a marker of your progress．
              （65） ______
              Everyone fails．It doesn't matter how hard you work，how intelligent you are and how prepared you are，because you aren't always going to succeed．You have to be willing to entertain that possibility and work out what to do if you don't succeed．How are you going to handle failure？Plan for your setbacks and failures．If that literary agent rejects your manuscript，find out where next to send it，or look it over to see what might be improved．
              难度：较易
              解析 收藏 试题篮
            • 8．
              There are thousands of words in the English language．And every year，there are more as English continues to grow．But how many of these words do you really need to learn？（36） ______
              The research shows that these top 100words make up about 50% of all the words we use in English．But that isn't all．They also found that the top 1，000words account for 75% of our vocabulary．And with only 7，000words，you've covered 90% of all the words you will use in your lifetime．Unbelievably，they also found that the top 10words in English （the，be，to，of，and，a，in，that，have，I） make up 25% of all the words we use．（37） ______ Sounds good？（38） ______ For a start，most of the words that appear in the list are headwords．A headword is like a root word，with lots of other related words that come after it．For example，from the headword"run"there are"runs，running，ski run，run out of something．"
              （39） ______ So，while the most common meaning of"run"is"to move quickly"，if you say that a road"runs"in a particular direction，you're describing which way the road goes．For example，"The road runs from north to south．"
              So，of the 1，000high-frequency headwords there are thousands of other related words．（40） ______
              If you know the basic meaning of the headwords，you can often guess the meaning of the other terms and expressions．
              So，get studying that list!

              A．Unfortunately，it isn't that simple．
              B．The list includes millions of words in it．
              C．On top of that，words often have different meanings．
              D．However，studying high-frequency words can still be useful．
              E．The other 10% are words related to extremely specific subjects．
              F．A study by Oxford Online has identified the top 100words in English．
              G．So，if you take any 100-word paragraph from an article，the chances are that 25of them will be one of these words．
              难度：较易
              解析 收藏 试题篮
            • 9．
              Muzak
              The next time you go into a bank，a store，or a supermarket，stop and listen．What do you hear？（36） ______ It's similar to the music you listen to，but it's not exactly the same．That's because this music was especially designed to relax you，or to give you extra energy．Sometimes you don't even realize the music is playing，but you react to the music anyway．
              Quiet background music used to be called"elevator music"because we often heard it in elevators．But lately we hear it in more and more places，and it has a new name"Muzak"．About one-third of the people in America listen to"Muzak"every day．The music plays for 15minutes at a time，with short pauses in between．It is always more lively between ten and eleven in the morning，and between three and four in the afternoon，when people are more tired．（37） ______ ．
              If you listen to Muzak carefully，you will probably recognize the names of many of the songs．Some musicians or songwriters don't want their songs to be used as Muzak，but others are happy when their songs are chosen．Why？（38） ______ ．
              Music is often played in public places because it is designed to make people feel less lonely when they are in an airport or a hotel．It has been proven that Muzak does what it is designed to do．Tired office workers suddenly have more energy when they hear the pleasant sound of Muzak in the background．（39） ______ ．Supermarket shoppers buy 38percent more groceries．
              （40） ______ ．They say it's boring to hear the same songs all the time．But other people enjoy hearing Muzak in public places．They say it helps them relax and feel calm．One way or another，Muzak affects everyone．Some farmers even say their cows give more milk when they hear Muzak!

              A．Muzak is played in most of the big supermarkets in the world．
              B．They get as much as $4million a year if their songs are used．
              C．The music gives them extra energy．
              D．Muzak tends to help people understand music better．
              E．Factory workers produce 13percent more．
              F．Music is playing in the background．
              G．Some people don't like Muzak．
              难度：较易
              解析 收藏 试题篮
            • 10．
              Does failure really exist？
              If you believe you have failed，then you have．If you believe you don't have the ability to succeed，then you don't．（16） ______ The moment you decide to give up or stop working toward your goals，failure is born．
              （17） ______
              Most people give themselves an out without even realizing it．They are willing to work hard on reaching their goals，but only until the going gets too rough or their energy dies down．Don't do that!（18） ______ Never quit，never admit failure，and never lose heart．
              Don't believe in a clear finish line for goals．
              It's a good idea to set a general timeline （时间表），but remember that something will be beyond your control．（19） ______ If you lock yourself into a given timeline，you might make yourself feel like a failure!Instead，get a general idea of when you'd like your goal to be completed．Then take it one day at a time and focus on making progress instead of reaching the finish line in as little time as possible．
              Be sure that you don't see difficulties as failures．
              Difficulties mean only one thing：it's not time for your goal to be completed yet．That's it!It doesn't mean you failed； it doesn't mean you're weak； it doesn't mean you'll never achieve your goals．（20） ______ You've got to keep moving forward and find a way over，around，or through the difficulties．

              A．Never give up on yourself．
              B．Failure only exists in your own mind!
              C．That's exactly how failure makes us feel．
              D．It simply means you have not done enough yet．
              E．You can never say exactly when your goal will be reached．
              F．Instead，make up your mind to make your goal happen，no matter what!
              G．Work hard towards your goal，and you will be likely to get good results．
              难度：较易
              解析 收藏 试题篮
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