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            • 1.

              已知下列热化学方程式:

                  \(\rm{①Fe_{2}O_{3}(s)+3CO(g)=2Fe(s)+3CO_{2}(g)}\)  \(\rm{ΔH=-24.8 kJ·mol^{-1}}\);

                  \(\rm{②3Fe_{2}O_{3}(s)+CO(g)=2Fe_{3}O_{4}(s)+CO_{2}(g)}\)  \(\rm{ΔH=-47.2 kJ·mol^{-1}}\);

                  \(\rm{③Fe_{3}O_{4}(s)+CO(g)=3FeO(s)+CO_{2}(g)}\)  \(\rm{ΔH=+640.5 kJ·mol^{-1}}\)。

                  则\(\rm{28 g CO}\)气体与足量\(\rm{FeO}\)充分反应得到\(\rm{Fe}\)单质和\(\rm{CO_{2}}\)气体时的反应热为(    )

              A.\(\rm{-109 kJ·mol^{-1}}\)
              B.\(\rm{-218 kJ·mol^{-1}}\)
              C.\(\rm{+109 kJ·mol^{-1}}\)
              D.\(\rm{+218 kJ·mol^{-1}}\)
            • 2.

              已知:\(\rm{①H_{2}O(g)=H_{2}O(l)}\) \(\rm{ΔH_{1}=-Q_{1}kJ/mol}\),

              \(\rm{②C_{2}H_{5}OH(g)=C_{2}H_{5}OH(l)}\) \(\rm{ΔH_{2}=-Q_{2}kJ/mol}\),

              \(\rm{③C_{2}H_{5}OH(g)+3O_{2}(g)=2CO_{2}(g)+3H_{2}O(g)}\) \(\rm{ΔH_{3}=-Q_{3}kJ/mol}\)。

              则表示酒精燃烧热的热化学方程式是

              A.\(\rm{C_{2}H_{5}OH(l)+3O_{2}(g)=2CO_{2}(g)+3H_{2}O(l) ΔH=-(Q_{1}-Q_{2}+Q_{3}) kJ/mol}\)

              B.\(\rm{C_{2}H_{5}OH(l)+3O_{2}(g)=2CO_{2}(g)+3H_{2}O(l)}\) \(\rm{ΔH=-(3Q_{1}+Q_{3}) kJ/mol}\)

              C.\(\rm{C_{2}H_{5}OH(l)+3O_{2}(g)=2CO_{2}(g)+3H_{2}O(l)}\) \(\rm{ΔH=-(3Q_{1}-Q_{2}+Q_{3}) kJ/mol}\)

              D.\(\rm{C_{2}H_{5}OH(l)+3O_{2}(g)=2CO_{2}(g)+3H_{2}O(g)}\) \(\rm{ΔH=-(3Q_{1}-Q_{2}+Q_{3}) kJ/mol}\)
            • 3.

              \(\rm{S(}\)单斜\(\rm{)}\)和\(\rm{S(}\)正交\(\rm{)}\)是硫的两种同素异形体。

              已知:\(\rm{①S(}\)单斜,\(\rm{s)+O_{2}(g)═══SO_{2}(g)}\)  \(\rm{ΔH_{1}=-297.16 kJ·mol^{-1}}\)

              \(\rm{②S(}\)正交,\(\rm{s)+O_{2}(g)═══SO_{2}(g)}\)  \(\rm{ΔH_{2}=-296.83 kJ·mol^{-1}}\)

              \(\rm{③S(}\)单斜,\(\rm{s)═══S(}\)正交,\(\rm{s)}\) \(\rm{ΔH_{3}}\)

              下列说法正确的是\(\rm{(}\)  \(\rm{)}\)

              A.\(\rm{ΔH_{3}=+0.33 kJ·mol^{-1}}\)

              B.单斜硫转化为正交硫的反应是吸热反应

              C.\(\rm{S(}\)单斜,\(\rm{s)═══S(}\)正交,\(\rm{s)}\) \(\rm{ΔH_{3} < 0}\),正交硫比单斜硫稳定

              D.\(\rm{S(}\)单斜,\(\rm{s)═══S(}\)正交,\(\rm{s)}\) \(\rm{ΔH_{3} > 0}\),单斜硫比正交硫稳定
            • 4.

              用\(\rm{H_{2}O_{2}}\)和\(\rm{H_{2}SO_{4}}\)的混合溶液可溶出废旧印刷电路板上的铜。已知:

              \(\rm{Cu(s)+2H^{+}(aq)=Cu^{2+}(aq)+H_{2}(g)}\)  \(\rm{ΔH=+64.39kJ·mol^{-1}}\)

              \(\rm{2H_{2}O_{2}(l)=2H_{2}O(l)+O_{2}(g)}\)  \(\rm{ΔH=-196.46kJ·mol^{-1}}\)

              \(\rm{{{{H}}_{{2}}}{(g})+\dfrac{1}{2}{{{O}}_{2}}{(g})={{{H}}_{{2}}}{O(l})}\)  \(\rm{ΔH=-285.84kJ·mol^{-1}}\)

              在\(\rm{H_{2}SO_{4}}\)溶液中,等物质的量为\(\rm{Cu}\)与\(\rm{H_{2}O_{2}}\)反应生成\(\rm{Cu^{2+}(aq)}\)和\(\rm{H_{2}O(l)}\)的反应热的\(\rm{ΔH}\)等于

              A.\(\rm{-417.91kJ·mol^{-1}}\)
              B.\(\rm{-319.68kJ·mol^{-1}}\)
              C.\(\rm{+546.69kJ·mol^{-1}}\)
              D.\(\rm{-448.46kJ·mol^{-1}}\)
            • 5.

              \(\rm{CO}\)、\(\rm{H_{2}}\)、\(\rm{C_{2}H_{5}OH}\)三种物质燃烧的热化学方程式如下:

              \(\rm{①CO(g)+1/2O_{2}(g)=CO_{2}(g)}\)  \(\rm{ΔH_{1}=a kJ/mol}\)

              \(\rm{②H_{2}(g)+1/2O_{2}(g)=H_{2}O(g)}\)  \(\rm{ΔH_{2}=bkJ/mol}\)

              \(\rm{③C_{2}H_{5}OH(l)+3O_{2}(g)=2CO_{2}(g)+3H_{2}O(g)}\) \(\rm{ΔH_{3}=ckJ/mol}\)

              下列说法正确的是(    )

              A.\(\rm{ΔH_{1} > 0}\)
              B.\(\rm{2H_{2}O(l)=2H_{2}(g)+O_{2}(g)}\) \(\rm{ΔH= }\)--\(\rm{2bkJ/mol}\)

              C.\(\rm{CO_{2}}\)与\(\rm{H_{2}}\)合成\(\rm{C_{2}H_{5}OH}\)反应的原子利用率为\(\rm{100\%}\)

              D.\(\rm{2CO(g)+4H_{2}(g)=H_{2}O(g)+C_{2}H_{5}OH(1)}\)  \(\rm{ΔH=(2a+4b-c)kJ/mol}\)
            • 6. 已知:\(\rm{H_{2}O(g)═H_{2}O(l)\triangle H_{1}=-Q_{1}kJ⋅mol^{-1}(Q_{1} > 0)}\)

                       \(\rm{C_{2}H_{5}OH(g)═C_{2}H_{5}OH(l)\triangle H_{2}=-Q_{2}kJ⋅mol^{-1}(Q_{2} > 0)}\)

                       \(\rm{C_{2}H_{5}OH(g)+3O_{2}(g)═2CO_{2}(g)+3H_{2}O(g)\triangle H_{3}=-Q_{3}kJ⋅mol^{-1}(Q_{3} > 0)}\)

              若使\(\rm{23g}\)液态乙醇完全燃烧并恢复至室温,则放出的热量为\(\rm{(}\)单位:\(\rm{kJ)(}\)  \(\rm{)}\)

                 

              A.\(\rm{Q_{1}+Q_{2}+Q_{3}}\)                              
              B.\(\rm{0.5(Q_{1}+Q_{2}+Q_{3})}\)

                 

              C.\(\rm{0.5Q_{1}-1.5Q_{2}+0.5Q_{3}}\)                      
              D.\(\rm{1.5Q_{1}-0.5Q_{2}+0.5Q_{3}}\)
            • 7. 在\(\rm{1200℃}\)时,天然气脱硫工艺中会发生下列反应
              \(\rm{H_{2}S(g)+ 3/2 O_{2}(g)= SO_{2}(g)+ H_{2}O(g)}\)   \(\rm{\triangle H_{1}2H_{2}S(g)+ SO_{2}(g)=3/2 S_{2}(g)+ 2H_{2}O(g)}\)  \(\rm{\triangle H_{2}}\)
              \(\rm{2H_{2}S(g)+ O_{2}(g)=2}\) \(\rm{S(g)+ 2H_{2}O(g)}\)     \(\rm{\triangle H_{3}2S(g)= S_{2}(g)}\)                          \(\rm{\triangle H_{4}}\)
              则\(\rm{\triangle H_{4}}\)的正确表达式为\(\rm{(}\)  \(\rm{)}\)


              A.\(\rm{\triangle H_{4}=2/3(3\triangle H_{3}-\triangle H_{1})-\triangle H_{2\;\;\;\;\;\;}}\)
              B.\(\rm{\triangle H_{4}=2/3(\triangle H_{1}+\triangle H_{2})+\triangle H_{3}}\)
              C.\(\rm{\triangle H_{4}=2/3(\triangle H_{1}+\triangle H_{2})-\triangle H_{3}}\)
              D.\(\rm{\triangle H_{4}=2/3(\triangle H_{1}-\triangle H_{2})-\triangle H_{3}}\)
            • 8.

              已知:\(\rm{①CH_{3}COOH(l)+2O_{2}(g)=2CO_{2}(g)+2H_{2}O(l)}\) \(\rm{ΔH_{1}}\);

              \(\rm{②C(s)+O_{2}(g)=CO_{2}(g)}\) \(\rm{ΔH_{2}}\);  \(\rm{③2H_{2}(g)+O_{2}(g)=2H_{2}O(l)}\) \(\rm{ΔH_{3}}\);

              \(\rm{④2CO_{2}(g)+4H_{2}(g)=CH_{3}COOH(l)+2H_{2}O(l)}\) \(\rm{ΔH_{4}}\);

              \(\rm{⑤2C(s)+2H_{2}(g)+O_{2}(g)=CH_{3}COOH(l)}\) \(\rm{ΔH_{5}}\)。

              下列关于上述反应的焓变的判断正确的是


              A.\(\rm{ΔH_{1} > 0}\),\(\rm{ΔH_{2} < 0}\)      
              B.\(\rm{ΔH_{5}=2ΔH_{2}+ΔH_{3}-ΔH_{1}}\)



              C.\(\rm{ΔH_{3} > 0}\),\(\rm{ΔH_{5} < 0}\)      
              D.\(\rm{ΔH_{4}=ΔH_{1}-2ΔH_{3}}\)


            • 9.

              \(\rm{1gH_{2}}\)燃烧生成液态水,放出\(\rm{142.9kJ}\)热量,表示该反应的热化学方程式正确的是

              A.\(\rm{2H_{2}(g)+O_{2}(g)═2H_{2}O(1) \triangle H=-142.9 kJ⋅mol^{-1}}\)

              B.\(\rm{2H_{2}(g)+O_{2}(g)═2H_{2}O(g) \triangle H=-571.6 kJ⋅mol^{-1}}\)

              C.\(\rm{H_{2}(g)+\dfrac{1}{2}O_{2}(g)═H_{2}O(1) \triangle H=+285.8 kJ⋅mol^{-1}}\)

              D.\(\rm{2H_{2}(g)+O_{2}(g)═2H_{2}O(1) \triangle H=-571.6 kJ⋅mol^{-1}}\)
            • 10. 已知:\(\rm{\left( 1 \right){Zn}\left( s \right){+}\dfrac{1}{2}O_{2}\left( g \right){==}ZnO(s){,}{\triangle }H{=-}348{.}3kJ{/}mol\left( 2 \right){Zn}\left( s \right){+}Ag_{2}O\left( s \right){==}ZnO(s){+}2Ag(s){,}{\triangle }H{=-}317{.}3kJ{/}mol}\)

              则\(\rm{2Ag\left( s \right){+}\dfrac{1}{2}O_{2}\left( g \right){==}Ag_{2}O(s)}\)的\(\rm{{\triangle }H}\)等于\(\rm{({  })}\)

              A.\(\rm{31{.}0kJ{/}mol\ }\)
              B.\(\rm{{-}665{.}6kJ{/}mol}\)
              C.\(\rm{332{.}8}\) \(\rm{kJ{/}mol\ \ }\)
              D.\(\rm{{-}31{.}0}\) \(\rm{kJ{/}mol}\)
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