\(\rm{NO_{2}}\)是形成雾霾天气的原因之一.
\(\rm{(1)}\)重型车辆常在排气管内喷淋尿素\(\rm{[CO(NH_{2})_{2}]}\)溶液,使\(\rm{NO_{2}}\)转化为无污染物质\(\rm{.}\)采用“喷淋”的目的是 ______ ,反应的活化能 ______ \(\rm{(}\)选填“增大”“减小”“不变”\(\rm{)}\),配平该反应的化学方程式: ______ \(\rm{.}\)【已知:\(\rm{CO(NH_{2})_{2}}\)中\(\rm{N}\)呈\(\rm{-3}\)价】
______ \(\rm{NO_{2}+}\) ______ \(\rm{CO(NH_{2})_{2}═}\) ______ \(\rm{N_{2}+}\) ______ \(\rm{CO_{2}+}\) ______ \(\rm{H_{2}O}\)
\(\rm{(2)}\)以\(\rm{CO_{2}}\)与\(\rm{NH_{3}}\)为原料可合成化肥尿素\(\rm{.}\)已知:
\(\rm{①2NH_{3}(g)+CO_{2}(g)═NH_{2}CO_{2}NH_{4}(s)\triangle H=-159.5KJ⋅mol^{-1}}\)
\(\rm{②NH_{2}CO_{2}NH_{4}(s)═CO(NH_{2})_{2}(s)+H_{2}O(l)\triangle H=-160.5KJ⋅mol^{-1}}\)
\(\rm{③H_{2}O(l)═H_{2}O(g)\triangle H=+44.0KJ⋅mol^{-1}}\)
写出\(\rm{CO_{2}}\)与\(\rm{NH_{3}}\)合成尿素和气态水的热化学反应方程式 ______ .
\(\rm{(3)}\)恒温下将\(\rm{1.6molNH_{3}}\)和\(\rm{0.8molCO_{2}}\)放入容积为\(\rm{8L}\)的恒容密闭容器中,反应生成\(\rm{NH_{2}CO_{2}NH_{4}(s)}\),下列各项能说明反应达到平衡状态的是 ______ .
\(\rm{a.}\)容器内气体压强保持不变 \(\rm{b.CO_{2}}\)与\(\rm{NH_{3}}\)的速率之比为\(\rm{1}\):\(\rm{2}\)
\(\rm{c.NH_{2}CO_{2}NH_{4}(s)}\)质量保持不变 \(\rm{d.}\)容器内温度保持不变
该反应达到平衡时,测得\(\rm{CO_{2}}\)的物质的量浓度为\(\rm{0.05mol⋅L^{-1}.}\)则平衡时\(\rm{CO_{2}}\)的转化率\(\rm{α=}\) ______ ;若其他条件不变,移去少量\(\rm{NH_{2}CO_{2}NH_{4}}\),\(\rm{CO_{2}}\)的转化率 ______ \(\rm{(}\)选填“增大”“减小”“不变”\(\rm{)}\).
\(\rm{(4)}\)为减少\(\rm{NO_{2}}\)排放,可将\(\rm{NO_{2}}\)转化为\(\rm{NO}\)后通入如图所示装置,同时补充气体物质\(\rm{A}\)使\(\rm{NO}\)全部转化为\(\rm{NH_{4}NO_{3}}\),该装置中总化学反应方程式是 ______ .