|
A．已知冰的熔化热为\(\rm{6.0 kJ·mol^{-1}}\)，冰中氢键键能为\(\rm{20 kJ·mol}\)\(\rm{{\,\!}^{-1}}\)。假设每摩尔冰中有\(\rm{2 mol}\)氢键，且熔化热完全用于打破冰的氢键，则最多只能破坏冰中\(\rm{15\%}\)的氢键 |
|
B．已知一定温度下，醋酸溶液的物质的量浓度为\(\rm{c}\)，电离度为\(\rm{α}\)，\(\rm{K_{a}}\)\(\rm{=}\)\(\rm{ \dfrac{(cα)^{2}}{c(1-α)}}\)。若加入少量\(\rm{CH}\)\(\rm{{\,\!}_{3}}\)\(\rm{COONa}\)固体，则电离平衡\(\rm{CH}\)\(\rm{{\,\!}_{3}}\)\(\rm{COOH}\)\(\rm{\rightleftharpoons }\)\(\rm{CH}\)\(\rm{{\,\!}_{3}}\)\(\rm{COO}\)\(\rm{{\,\!}^{-}}\)\(\rm{+H}\)\(\rm{{\,\!}^{+}}\)向左移动，\(\rm{α}\)减小，\(\rm{K}\)\(\rm{{\,\!}_{a}}\)变小 |
|
C．实验测得环己烷\(\rm{(l)}\)、环己烯\(\rm{(l)}\)和苯\(\rm{(l)}\)的标准燃烧热分别为\(\rm{-3 916 kJ·mol^{-1}}\)、\(\rm{-3 747 kJ·mol}\)\(\rm{{\,\!}^{-1}}\)和\(\rm{-3 265 kJ·mol}\)\(\rm{{\,\!}^{-1}}\)，可以证明在苯分子中不存在独立的碳碳双键 |
|
D．已知：\(\rm{Fe}\)\(\rm{{\,\!}_{2}}\)\(\rm{O}\)\(\rm{{\,\!}_{3}}\)\(\rm{(s)+3C(}\)石墨\(\rm{)═2Fe(s)+3CO(g)}\) \(\rm{ΔH=489.0 kJ·mol}\)\(\rm{{\,\!}^{-1,}}\)\(\rm{CO(g)+}\)\(\rm{ \dfrac{1}{2}}\)\(\rm{O}\)\(\rm{{\,\!}_{2}}\)\(\rm{(g)═CO}\)\(\rm{{\,\!}_{2}}\)\(\rm{(g)}\) \(\rm{ΔH=-283.0 kJ·mol}\)\(\rm{{\,\!}^{-1}}\)\(\rm{C(}\)石墨\(\rm{)+O}\)\(\rm{{\,\!}_{2}}\)\(\rm{(g)═CO}\)\(\rm{{\,\!}_{2}}\)\(\rm{(g)}\)\(\rm{ΔH=-393.5 kJ·mol}\)\(\rm{{\,\!}^{-1}}\)则\(\rm{4Fe(s)+3O}\)\(\rm{{\,\!}_{2}}\)\(\rm{(g)═2Fe}\)\(\rm{{\,\!}_{2}}\)\(\rm{O}\)\(\rm{{\,\!}_{3}}\)\(\rm{(s)}\)\(\rm{ΔH=-1 641.0 kJ·mol}\)\(\rm{{\,\!}^{-1}}\) |