3.
运用所学化学原理,解决下列问题:
\(\rm{(1)}\)已知:\(\rm{S}\)
\(\rm{i}\)\(\rm{+2N}\)
\(\rm{a}\)\(\rm{OH+H_{2}O═N}\)
\(\rm{a}\)\(\rm{{\,\!}_{2}S}\)
\(\rm{i}\)\(\rm{O_{3}+2H_{2}.}\)某同学利用单质硅和铁为电极材料设计原电池\(\rm{(N }\)
\(\rm{a}\)\(\rm{OH}\)为电解质溶液\(\rm{)}\),该原电池负极的电极反应式为
;
\(\rm{(2)}\)已知:\(\rm{①C( }\)
\(\rm{s}\)\(\rm{)+O_{2}(}\)
\(\rm{g}\)\(\rm{)═CO_{2}(}\)
\(\rm{g}\)\(\rm{)\triangle H=}\)
\(\rm{ak}\)\(\rm{J⋅}\)
\(\rm{mol}\)\(\rm{{\,\!}^{-1}}\);\(\rm{②CO_{2}( }\)
\(\rm{g}\)\(\rm{)+C(}\)
\(\rm{s}\)\(\rm{)═2CO(}\)
\(\rm{g}\)\(\rm{)\triangle H=}\)
\(\rm{bk}\)\(\rm{J⋅}\)
\(\rm{mol}\)\(\rm{{\,\!}^{-1}}\);\(\rm{③S}\)
\(\rm{i}\)\(\rm{( }\)
\(\rm{s}\)\(\rm{)+O_{2}(}\)
\(\rm{g}\)\(\rm{)═S}\)
\(\rm{i}\)\(\rm{O_{2}( }\)
\(\rm{s}\)\(\rm{)\triangle H=}\)
\(\rm{ck}\)\(\rm{J⋅}\)
\(\rm{mol}\)\(\rm{{\,\!}^{-1}.}\)工业上生产粗硅的热化学方程式为
;
\(\rm{(3)}\)已知:\(\rm{CO( }\)
\(\rm{g}\)\(\rm{)+H_{2}O(}\)
\(\rm{g}\)\(\rm{)⇌H_{2}(}\)
\(\rm{g}\)\(\rm{)+CO_{2}(}\)
\(\rm{g}\)\(\rm{).}\)下表为该反应在不同温度时的平衡常数\(\rm{.}\)则:该反应的
\(\rm{\triangle H }\)______\(\rm{ 0(}\)填“\(\rm{ < }\)”或“\(\rm{ > }\)”\(\rm{)}\);\(\rm{500℃}\)时进行该反应,且\(\rm{CO}\)和\(\rm{H_{2}O}\)起始浓度相等,\(\rm{CO}\)平衡转化率为______.
温度\(\rm{℃}\) | \(\rm{400}\) | \(\rm{500}\) | \(\rm{800}\) |
平衡常数\(\rm{K}\) | \(\rm{9.94}\) | \(\rm{9}\) | \(\rm{1}\) |