2.
肼\(\rm{(N_{2}H_{4})}\)与\(\rm{N_{2}O_{4}}\),是火箭发射中最常用的燃料与助燃剂.
\(\rm{(1)}\)已知\(\rm{2N_{2}H_{4}(l){+}N_{2}O_{4}(l){=}3N_{2}(g){+}4H_{2}O(l){\triangle }H{=-}1225kJ{.}mol^{{-}1}}\)
化学键 | \(\rm{N{-}H}\) | \(\rm{N{-}N}\) | \(\rm{N{≡}N}\) | \(\rm{O{-}H}\) |
键能\(\rm{(kJ{.}mol^{{-}1})}\) | \(\rm{390}\) | \(\rm{190}\) | \(\rm{946}\) | \(\rm{460}\) |
则使\(\rm{1mol}\) \(\rm{N_{2}O_{4}}\) \(\rm{(l)}\)完全分解成相应的原子时需要吸收的能量是 ______ .
\(\rm{(2)800{℃}}\)时,某密闭容器中存在如下反应:\(\rm{2NO_{2}(g){⇌}2NO(g){+}O_{2}(g){\triangle }H{ > }0}\),若开始向容器中加入\(\rm{1mol{/}L}\)的\(\rm{NO_{2}}\),反应过程中\(\rm{NO}\)的产率随时间的变化如图曲线Ⅰ所示.
\(\rm{{①}}\)请在图中绘制出在其它条件与反应\(\rm{I}\)相同时,反应在\(\rm{820{℃}}\)时进行,\(\rm{NO}\)的产率随时间的变化曲线.
\(\rm{{②}800{℃}}\)时,若开始时向容器中同时加入\(\rm{1mol{/}L}\) \(\rm{NO}\)、\(\rm{0{.}2mol{/}L}\) \(\rm{O_{2}}\)、\(\rm{0{.}5mol{/}L}\) \(\rm{NO_{2}}\),则\(\rm{v(}\)正\(\rm{)}\) ______\(\rm{v(}\)逆\(\rm{)(}\)填“\(\rm{{ > }}\)”或“\(\rm{{ < }}\)”或“\(\rm{{=}}\)”或“无法确定”\(\rm{)}\).
\(\rm{(3)}\)己知\(\rm{N_{2}O_{4}(g){⇌}2NO_{2}(g){\triangle }H{=+}57{.}20kJ{/}mol{,}t}\)时,将一定量的\(\rm{NO_{2}}\)、\(\rm{N_{2}O_{4}}\),充人一个容器为\(\rm{2L}\)的恒容密闭容器中,两种物质的浓度随时间变化关系如表所示:
时间\(\rm{{/}min}\) | \(\rm{0}\) | \(\rm{5}\) | \(\rm{10}\) | \(\rm{15}\) | \(\rm{20}\) | \(\rm{25}\) | \(\rm{30}\) |
\(\rm{c(X){/}(mol{/}L)}\) | \(\rm{0{.}2}\) | \(\rm{c}\) | \(\rm{0{.}6}\) | \(\rm{0{.}6}\) | \(\rm{1{.}0}\) | \(\rm{c_{1}}\) | \(\rm{c_{1}}\) |
\(\rm{c(Y){/}(mol{/}L)}\) | \(\rm{0{.}6}\) | \(\rm{c}\) | \(\rm{0{.}4}\) | \(\rm{0{.}4}\) | \(\rm{0{.}4}\) | \(\rm{c_{2}}\) | \(\rm{c_{2}}\) |
\(\rm{{①}}\)该反应的平衡常数\(\rm{K{=}}\) ______ .
\(\rm{{②}}\)前\(\rm{10min}\)内用\(\rm{NO_{2}}\)表示的反应速率为 ______ ,\(\rm{20min}\)时改变的条件重新达到平衡时,\(\rm{NO_{2}}\)的百分含量 ______\(\rm{(}\)填选项前字母\(\rm{)}\).
\(\rm{a{.}}\)增大 \(\rm{b{.}}\)减小 \(\rm{c{.}}\)不变 \(\rm{d{.}}\)无法判断.